龙虎泡油田钻井井壁稳定性研究
|
摘要
龙虎泡油田地层岩性和构造较为复杂,泥页层段坍塌压力较大,在钻井过程中,井壁坍塌、卡钻现象时有发生,这不仅降低了钻井效率,提高了钻井成本,而且严重影响了井身质量和固井质量。本文首先分析了龙虎泡地区井壁失稳的主要形式,研究在钻井过程中导致井壁失稳的关键因素,应用声波测井资料计算地层岩石弹性参数及力学参数,在室内试验的基础上建立地层岩石动、静态弹性参数的相关模型;利用密度测井资料计算上覆岩层压力,结合现场实际压裂资料进行地应力反演,回归出本研究区块内的构造应力系数,建立三向地应力计算模型;采用线弹性理论建立井壁力学模型,选择合理的破坏准则计算保持井壁稳定的坍塌压力和破裂压力,从而为龙虎泡油田钻井工程设计提供有效的技术指导,确定安全合理的钻井液密度,减少钻井事故的发生,提高经济效益,确保油田的进一步勘探开发。本文是对龙虎泡油田井壁稳定性进行的一次较为系统的理论研究。
In the process of drilling in the Longhupao oilfield, there occurs some complex drilling accidents which include borehole wall sloughing and borehole sticking because of the more complex nature of rock and formation structure in this area and the larger collapsed pressure in mud shale. These complex drilling accidents not only have a serious impact on the efficiency of drilling and on increasing of the drilling costs, but also make borehole quality seriously affected as well as the cement job quality. Initially, this paper analyzes the main form of instability of borehole wall and researches the key element of making the borehole wall instability in the process of drilling to calculate the rock elastic parameters and mechanical parameters by sonic logging and to set up the relationship model of dynamic and static elastic parameter based on laboratory. By using the data of density logging, the thesis calculates the overburden rock pressure, inverts the earth stress combining the fracture experiment data to regress the tectonic stress factor of Longhupao oilfield in order to establish the calculation model of three-dimensional stress. In addition, thesis also sets up the mechanical model of stability of borehole wall by using linear elasticity theory. By choosing reasonable destruction guideline, the thesis calculates the caving pressure and the fracturing pressure in order to make the borehole wall stability as well as the establishment of the security drilling fluid density window, hence, it provides effective technological guidance for drilling engineering in Longhupao oilfield to ensure the further exploration and development of oilfields and reduces drilling accidents in order to enhance economic efficiency. The paper is a systematic theoretical research on the stability of the borehole wall in Longhupao oilfield.
In the process of drilling in the Longhupao oilfield, there occurs some complex drilling accidents which include borehole wall sloughing and borehole sticking because of the more complex nature of rock and formation structure in this area and the larger collapsed pressure in mud shale. These complex drilling accidents not only have a serious impact on the efficiency of drilling and on increasing of the drilling costs, but also make borehole quality seriously affected as well as the cement job quality. Initially, this paper analyzes the main form of instability of borehole wall and researches the key element of making the borehole wall instability in the process of drilling to calculate the rock elastic parameters and mechanical parameters by sonic logging and to set up the relationship model of dynamic and static elastic parameter based on laboratory. By using the data of density logging, the thesis calculates the overburden rock pressure, inverts the earth stress combining the fracture experiment data to regress the tectonic stress factor of Longhupao oilfield in order to establish the calculation model of three-dimensional stress. In addition, thesis also sets up the mechanical model of stability of borehole wall by using linear elasticity theory. By choosing reasonable destruction guideline, the thesis calculates the caving pressure and the fracturing pressure in order to make the borehole wall stability as well as the establishment of the security drilling fluid density window, hence, it provides effective technological guidance for drilling engineering in Longhupao oilfield to ensure the further exploration and development of oilfields and reduces drilling accidents in order to enhance economic efficiency. The paper is a systematic theoretical research on the stability of the borehole wall in Longhupao oilfield.
引文
[1] 邓根,张洪生.钻井工程中井壁失稳的力学机理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998.21-46.
[2] 陈勉,金衍.深井井壁稳定技术研究进展与发展趋势[J].石油钻探技术.2005,9(5):28-34
[3] 慈建发.钻前井壁力学稳定性研究[D].成都,西南石油学院,2002
[4] 金衍,陈勉,陈治喜等.弱面地层的直井井壁稳定力学模型[J].钻采工艺.1999,22(3):13-14
[5] Spear,J.R.,Formation Compressive Strength for Predicting Drillability and PDC Selection[R]. SPE 29397,1995
[6] Walker T.O. and Senkins R.W.,Enviromental Safe Water–based Drilling fluid to Replace Oil–based Muds for Shale Stabilization[R].SPE 29404,1995
[7] 李荣,韩林,孟英峰等.泥页岩三轴试验及其井壁稳定性研究[J].石油天然气学报.2005,33(5):23-27
[8] 金衍,陈勉,柳贡慧等.大位移井的井壁稳定力学分析[J].地质力学学报.1999,5(1):4-11
[9] 张广清,陈勉.井眼破坏与钻井液密度关系的三维有限元模型[J].石油钻探技术. 2004,32(4):30-33
[10] Ivan Gil and Jean-Claude Roegiers,Borehole Design:Stability Considerations[R]. SPE 78182,2002
[11] 王桂华,徐同台.井壁稳定地质力学分析[J].钻采工艺. 2005,3(2):7-10
[12] 梁大川,王林.钻井液和泥页岩间的传递作用对井壁稳定的影响[J].天然气工业.1999,9(5):58-60
[13] 金衍,陈勉,张广清.维持井壁稳定的充气钻井液密度确定方法研究[J].天然气工业. 2006,19(3):80-82
[14] Hale,A.H. and Mody,F.K.,The Influence of Chemical Potential on Wellbore stability[R]. SPE 23885,1992
[15] 王力,刘春雨,杨锐等.利用测井资料计算井壁稳定条件研究[J].西部探矿工程. 2003,10(11):59-63
[16] 徐同台,陈其正,范维庆等.钾离子稳定井壁机理的研讨[J].钻井液与完井液.1998,15(3):3-8
[17] 陈新,杨强,何满潮等.考虑深部岩体各向异性强度的井壁稳定分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2005,24(16):2882-2888
[18] Jincai Zhang and Jean-Claude Roegiers,Borehole Stability in Naturally Deformable Fractured Reservoirs-A fully coupled approach[R]. SPE 77355,2002
[19] 丰全会,程远方,张建国.井壁稳定的弹塑性模型及其应用[J].石油钻探技术.2000,8(4):9-11
[20] 孙学增.井壁岩石力学基础[M].哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1995.101-146.
[21] 梁大川.硅酸盐钻井液稳定井壁机理分析[J].西南石油学院学报.1998,20(2):53-56
[22] 雷正义.砂泥岩地层井壁力学稳定性研究及软件编制[D].成都,西南石油学院,2004
[23] M.E.Chenevert and M.Amanullah,Shale Preservation and Testing Techniques for Borehole-Stability Studies[R]. SPE 73191,2001
[24] 金衍,陈勉.工程井壁稳定分析的一种实用方法[J].石油钻采工艺.2000,22(1):31-33
[25] Mody,F.K. and Hale,A.H.,Borehole–stability Model to Couple the Mechanics and Chemistry of Drilling–fluid/Sale Interaction [R]. SPE 23886,1992
[26] 刘玉石,白家祉,黄荣樽等.硬脆性泥页岩井壁稳定问题研究[J].石油学报.1998,19(1):28-34
[27] 李庆会.大庆油田侧斜井稳定井壁技术研究与应用[J].石油天然气学报.2006,2(1):92-94
[28] M.A.Fam and M.B.Dusseault , Borehole Stability in Shales:A Physico-Chemical Perspective[R]. SPE 47301,1998
[29] 齐恒之,马德新.塔河油田三开井段井壁稳定分析及实践[J].石油钻探技术. 2005,1(1):19-20
[30] Yew,C.H.and Wang,C.L,Wellbore Stress Distribution Produced by Moisture Adsorption [R].SPE 19536,1991
[31] 沈守文,沈明道,梁大川等.泥页岩的 X 射线衍射定向指数与理化性能及井壁稳定的关系[J].沉积学报.1998,16(2):117-122
[32] 刘玉石.地层坍塌压力及井壁稳定对策研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2004,7(14):2421-2423
[33] 刘同富,王树永,李文明等.胜利油田沙河街组及以下地层井壁稳定技术[J].钻井液与完井液. 2003,3(5):64-65
[34] 周保中.吉林大情字井地区井壁稳定技术研究[D].大庆,大庆石油学院,2003
[35] 何湘清,刘向君,罗平亚.温度扰动对井壁稳定和油田开发的影响[J].天然气工业. 2003,2(1):39-41
[36] 李忠华,潘一山.考虑损伤和孔隙压力的油井井壁稳定条件[J].钻采工艺.2002,1(1):27-29
[37] F.K.Mody and A.H.Hale,A Borehole Stability Model To Couple the Mechanics and Chemistry of Drilling Fluid Shale Interaction[R]. SPE 25728,1993
[38] 楼一珊,刘刚.大斜度井泥页岩井壁稳定的力学分析[J].江汉石油学院学报.1997,19(1):61-64
[39] 郑贵.井壁稳定问题的断裂损伤力学机理的研究[D].哈尔滨,哈尔滨工程大学,2005
[40] 齐恒之,潘亿勇,邱增伟等.BZ34-2-P1S 井井壁稳定力学分析及实践[J].天然气勘探与开发.2005,28(3):66-68
[41] 路继臣,唐卫国.大港油田深井井壁稳定问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2000,6(19增):967-970
[42] 秦启荣.深部岩体结构面预测及其石油井壁工程稳定性应用[D].成都,成都理工大学,2002
[2] 陈勉,金衍.深井井壁稳定技术研究进展与发展趋势[J].石油钻探技术.2005,9(5):28-34
[3] 慈建发.钻前井壁力学稳定性研究[D].成都,西南石油学院,2002
[4] 金衍,陈勉,陈治喜等.弱面地层的直井井壁稳定力学模型[J].钻采工艺.1999,22(3):13-14
[5] Spear,J.R.,Formation Compressive Strength for Predicting Drillability and PDC Selection[R]. SPE 29397,1995
[6] Walker T.O. and Senkins R.W.,Enviromental Safe Water–based Drilling fluid to Replace Oil–based Muds for Shale Stabilization[R].SPE 29404,1995
[7] 李荣,韩林,孟英峰等.泥页岩三轴试验及其井壁稳定性研究[J].石油天然气学报.2005,33(5):23-27
[8] 金衍,陈勉,柳贡慧等.大位移井的井壁稳定力学分析[J].地质力学学报.1999,5(1):4-11
[9] 张广清,陈勉.井眼破坏与钻井液密度关系的三维有限元模型[J].石油钻探技术. 2004,32(4):30-33
[10] Ivan Gil and Jean-Claude Roegiers,Borehole Design:Stability Considerations[R]. SPE 78182,2002
[11] 王桂华,徐同台.井壁稳定地质力学分析[J].钻采工艺. 2005,3(2):7-10
[12] 梁大川,王林.钻井液和泥页岩间的传递作用对井壁稳定的影响[J].天然气工业.1999,9(5):58-60
[13] 金衍,陈勉,张广清.维持井壁稳定的充气钻井液密度确定方法研究[J].天然气工业. 2006,19(3):80-82
[14] Hale,A.H. and Mody,F.K.,The Influence of Chemical Potential on Wellbore stability[R]. SPE 23885,1992
[15] 王力,刘春雨,杨锐等.利用测井资料计算井壁稳定条件研究[J].西部探矿工程. 2003,10(11):59-63
[16] 徐同台,陈其正,范维庆等.钾离子稳定井壁机理的研讨[J].钻井液与完井液.1998,15(3):3-8
[17] 陈新,杨强,何满潮等.考虑深部岩体各向异性强度的井壁稳定分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2005,24(16):2882-2888
[18] Jincai Zhang and Jean-Claude Roegiers,Borehole Stability in Naturally Deformable Fractured Reservoirs-A fully coupled approach[R]. SPE 77355,2002
[19] 丰全会,程远方,张建国.井壁稳定的弹塑性模型及其应用[J].石油钻探技术.2000,8(4):9-11
[20] 孙学增.井壁岩石力学基础[M].哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1995.101-146.
[21] 梁大川.硅酸盐钻井液稳定井壁机理分析[J].西南石油学院学报.1998,20(2):53-56
[22] 雷正义.砂泥岩地层井壁力学稳定性研究及软件编制[D].成都,西南石油学院,2004
[23] M.E.Chenevert and M.Amanullah,Shale Preservation and Testing Techniques for Borehole-Stability Studies[R]. SPE 73191,2001
[24] 金衍,陈勉.工程井壁稳定分析的一种实用方法[J].石油钻采工艺.2000,22(1):31-33
[25] Mody,F.K. and Hale,A.H.,Borehole–stability Model to Couple the Mechanics and Chemistry of Drilling–fluid/Sale Interaction [R]. SPE 23886,1992
[26] 刘玉石,白家祉,黄荣樽等.硬脆性泥页岩井壁稳定问题研究[J].石油学报.1998,19(1):28-34
[27] 李庆会.大庆油田侧斜井稳定井壁技术研究与应用[J].石油天然气学报.2006,2(1):92-94
[28] M.A.Fam and M.B.Dusseault , Borehole Stability in Shales:A Physico-Chemical Perspective[R]. SPE 47301,1998
[29] 齐恒之,马德新.塔河油田三开井段井壁稳定分析及实践[J].石油钻探技术. 2005,1(1):19-20
[30] Yew,C.H.and Wang,C.L,Wellbore Stress Distribution Produced by Moisture Adsorption [R].SPE 19536,1991
[31] 沈守文,沈明道,梁大川等.泥页岩的 X 射线衍射定向指数与理化性能及井壁稳定的关系[J].沉积学报.1998,16(2):117-122
[32] 刘玉石.地层坍塌压力及井壁稳定对策研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2004,7(14):2421-2423
[33] 刘同富,王树永,李文明等.胜利油田沙河街组及以下地层井壁稳定技术[J].钻井液与完井液. 2003,3(5):64-65
[34] 周保中.吉林大情字井地区井壁稳定技术研究[D].大庆,大庆石油学院,2003
[35] 何湘清,刘向君,罗平亚.温度扰动对井壁稳定和油田开发的影响[J].天然气工业. 2003,2(1):39-41
[36] 李忠华,潘一山.考虑损伤和孔隙压力的油井井壁稳定条件[J].钻采工艺.2002,1(1):27-29
[37] F.K.Mody and A.H.Hale,A Borehole Stability Model To Couple the Mechanics and Chemistry of Drilling Fluid Shale Interaction[R]. SPE 25728,1993
[38] 楼一珊,刘刚.大斜度井泥页岩井壁稳定的力学分析[J].江汉石油学院学报.1997,19(1):61-64
[39] 郑贵.井壁稳定问题的断裂损伤力学机理的研究[D].哈尔滨,哈尔滨工程大学,2005
[40] 齐恒之,潘亿勇,邱增伟等.BZ34-2-P1S 井井壁稳定力学分析及实践[J].天然气勘探与开发.2005,28(3):66-68
[41] 路继臣,唐卫国.大港油田深井井壁稳定问题[J].岩石力学与工程学报.2000,6(19增):967-970
[42] 秦启荣.深部岩体结构面预测及其石油井壁工程稳定性应用[D].成都,成都理工大学,2002