霸县凹陷新近系油气成藏机理与成藏模式研究
|
摘要
本文采用油气地质综合研究方法,对霸县凹陷的新近系油气藏的地质特征、烃源岩地化特征及油源对比、输导体系及油气运移方向、成藏模式及主控因素等进行了综合研究。研究表明,霸县凹陷发育有沙一下亚段、沙三段和沙四段三套有效烃源岩;烃源岩生烃史模拟表明,沙一段烃源岩在东营末进入低熟油阶段,文安斜坡带不具备生烃能力,新近系油气藏分布在有效生烃范围之外,属于他源异地成藏。霸县凹陷新近系油藏主要分布在文安斜坡外带的馆陶组地层中,油藏类型为受断层控制的断鼻或断块油藏。油源对比结果表明,新近系油气的各项地化指标与沙一下亚段烃源岩地化特征相同。研究区油气输导体系格架主要由古近系渗透性砂体、断层和不整合组成。通过原油物性、含氮化合物、流体性质、油气显示特征及有效通道空间等方法的研究,对霸县凹陷文安斜坡带有效输导体系进行了综合判识,认为油气来自霸县洼槽沙一下烃源岩,沿砂体、断层和不整合组成的阶梯状运移通道运移,随运移距离的不断增加,运移层位逐渐变新,最终在文安斜坡带的新近系地层中成藏。据此,建立了斜坡区新近系油藏的阶梯状侧向运移成藏模式,认为新近系油气藏形成及分布的主控因素为:构造特征控制新近系油藏的分布,有效输导体系决定了油气的运移方向,保存条件决定了新近系油藏的规模。
With the comprehensive research methods of petroleum geology, this paper gives a comprehensive research on the Forming Mechanism and Models of Neocene Reservoirs in Wenan slope, Baxian Depression. Through the research on the geologic reservoir characteristic, geochemical characteristics of source rock and oil-source correlation, passage system and migration direction, accumulation models and main controlling factors, has obtained the following results and recognitions:
The results show that lower Es1, Es3 and Es4 are effective source rocks;the hydrocarbon generation of source rocks are simulated, and it is concluded that Es1 source rock generate low mature oil in the late of Ed epocd, Wenan slope zone does not have hydrocarbon generation capacity and it’s Neocene hydrocarbon belonging to other sources. Neocene hydrocarbon distributes in Ng formation of outer belt, Wenan slope zone which mostly is fault nose reservoirs or fault-block reservoirs. The oil-source correlation indicates Neogene hydrocarbon froming lower Es1 source rock.
The pathway system is consisted of three parts in the study area:permeable sand bodies, faults and unconformities. Effective passage system is identified through researching crude oil properties,nitrogen compounds,fluid properties, hydrocarbon show and effective migration space. Hydrocarbon migration in the manner of ladder stairs which layer becoming new gradually with the rising of migration distance, finally, accumulate in Neogene formation of Wenan slope. Based on this, one pool-forming model is established: tepladder-lateral migration model. At last, it is concluded that the main controlling factors of Neogene oil pool-forming in Baxian Sag are the regional tectonic background,the effective pathways and the preservation conditions.
With the comprehensive research methods of petroleum geology, this paper gives a comprehensive research on the Forming Mechanism and Models of Neocene Reservoirs in Wenan slope, Baxian Depression. Through the research on the geologic reservoir characteristic, geochemical characteristics of source rock and oil-source correlation, passage system and migration direction, accumulation models and main controlling factors, has obtained the following results and recognitions:
The results show that lower Es1, Es3 and Es4 are effective source rocks;the hydrocarbon generation of source rocks are simulated, and it is concluded that Es1 source rock generate low mature oil in the late of Ed epocd, Wenan slope zone does not have hydrocarbon generation capacity and it’s Neocene hydrocarbon belonging to other sources. Neocene hydrocarbon distributes in Ng formation of outer belt, Wenan slope zone which mostly is fault nose reservoirs or fault-block reservoirs. The oil-source correlation indicates Neogene hydrocarbon froming lower Es1 source rock.
The pathway system is consisted of three parts in the study area:permeable sand bodies, faults and unconformities. Effective passage system is identified through researching crude oil properties,nitrogen compounds,fluid properties, hydrocarbon show and effective migration space. Hydrocarbon migration in the manner of ladder stairs which layer becoming new gradually with the rising of migration distance, finally, accumulate in Neogene formation of Wenan slope. Based on this, one pool-forming model is established: tepladder-lateral migration model. At last, it is concluded that the main controlling factors of Neogene oil pool-forming in Baxian Sag are the regional tectonic background,the effective pathways and the preservation conditions.
引文
[1]张照录,王华,杨红.含油气盆地的输导体系研究[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(2):133-135
[2] L.B.马贡,W.G道主编,张刚译.含油气系统--从烃源岩到圈闭[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:3-25
[3] Smith D.A.Theoretical considerations sealing and non—sealing faults[J].AAPG Bulletin,1996,50:363—374
[4] Walls N.L. Theoretical aspects of cap—rock fault for single and two—phrase hydrocarbon columns[J].Marine and petroleum Geology,1987,4:274—307
[5] Downey M W.Evaluating Seals for Hydrocarbon Accumulations[J]. AAPG,1984,68(11):1752—1763
[6] Allan U.S.A model for the migration and entrapment of hydrocarbon with in faulted structures[J].AAPG bulletin,1989,73:803—811
[7] Bouvier J. D., Kaars-Sijpesteijn C. H., Kluesner D. F., et al. There-dimensional seismic interpretation and fault sealing investigations, Nun River field, Nigeria [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1989,73:1397-1414
[8]曹瑞成,陈章明.早期勘探区断层封闭性评价方法[J].石油学报,1992,13(1):13-22
[9] Lindsay N G , Murp hy F C . Outcrop Studies of Shale Smear on Fault—surface[J].International Association of Sedimentologist Special Publication,1993,15:113—123
[10] Yielding G.,Freeman B.,Needlmm D.T.,Quantitative fault seal prediction[J].AAPG bulletion,1997,81:897—917
[11] Antonellini M ,Aydin A.Efect of Faulting on Fluid Flaw in Porous Sandstones Petrophysical Properties[J]. AAPG,1994,78(2):355—377
[12]吕延防,李国会,王跃文,等.断层封闭性的定量研究方法[J].石油学报,1996,17(3):39-44
[13]付广,曹成润,陈章明.泥岩涂抹系数及其在断层侧向封闭性研究中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(6):38-39
[14]曾溅辉.正韵律砂层中渗透率级差对石油运移和聚集影响的模拟实验研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(4):102-105
[15]隋风贵,赵乐强.济阳坳陷不整合结构类型及控藏作用[J].大地构造与成矿学, 2006,30(2):161-167
[16]吴亚军,张守安,艾国华.塔里木盆地不整合类型及其与油气藏的关系[J].新疆石油地质,1998,19(2):101-105
[17]吴孔友,查明,柳广第.准葛尔盆地二叠系不整合面及其油气运聚特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,22(6):53-57
[18]张克银,艾国华,吴亚军.碳酸盐岩顶部不整合结构层及控油意义[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(5):16-19
[19]艾国华,张克银.塔里木盆地前石炭系顶面不整合特征及其控油作用[J].石油实验地质,1996,18(1):1-11
[20]谢泰俊,潘祖荫,杨学昌.油气运移动力及通道体系.南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集[M].北京:科学出版社,1997:385-405
[21]赵忠新,王华,郭齐军等.油气输导体系的类型及其输导性能在时空上的演化分析[J].石油实验地质,2002,24(6):527～532
[22]卓勤功,宁方兴,荣娜.断陷盆地输导体系类型及控藏机制[J].地质论评.2005,51(4):416-422
[23]刘震,张善文,赵阳,等.东营凹陷南斜坡输导体系发育特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2003, 30(3):84-86
[24]王震亮,陈荷立.有效运聚通道的提出与确定初探[J].石油实验地质,1999,21(1):71-75
[25]刘华,蒋有录,陈涛等.陆相断陷盆地油气有效输导体系识别-以东营凹陷中央隆起带为例[J].石油实验地质,2008.30(3):232-235
[26]刘华,蒋有录,陈涛.东营凹陷辛东地区有效输导体系及成藏模式[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(4):13-18
[27]李丕龙,庞雄奇等著.陆相断陷盆地隐蔽油气藏形成-以济阳坳陷为例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:11-15
[28]刘华,任景伦,蒋有录.东营凹陷现河油田河31断块区输导体系与成藏规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(1):5-7
[29]刘德汉.包裹体研究—盆地流体追踪的有力工具[J].地学前缘,1985,2(3-4):149-154
[30]谈迎,刘德良等.应用流体包裹体研究古流体势及油气运移[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2002,32(4):470-478
[31]王铁冠,李素梅等.利用原油含氮化合物研究油气运移[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2002,24(4):83-86
[32]刘洛夫,康永尚.运用原油毗咯类含氮化合物研究塔里木盆地塔中地区石油的二次运移[J].地球化学,1998,27(5):475-480
[33]郝芳,邹华耀,王敏芳等.油气成藏机理研究进展和前沿研究领域[J].地质科技情报,2002,21(4):7-11
[34]金之钧,张发强.油气运移研究现状及主要进展[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(3):263-267
[35]董波.构造作用与济阳坳陷上第三系油气成藏[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(3):25-27
[36]罗文生,张善文.渤南洼陷古近系—新近系断层活动与油气成藏[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(3):34-36
[37]米立军,段吉利.渤中坳陷中浅层油气成藏特点及其聚集规律[J].石油学报,2001,22(2):32-36
[38]邓运华.渤海湾盆地上第三系油藏类型及成藏控制因素分析[J].中国海上油气(地质),17(6):359-363
[39]龚再升.上第三系是渤中坳陷及其周围油气勘探的主要领域[J].中国海上油气(地质),2000,14(3):146-153
[40]张善文,王永诗,石砥石等.网毯式油气成藏体系——以济阳坳陷新近系为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):1-10
[41]张文朝,杨德相等.冀中坳陷古近系沉积构造特征与油气分布规律[J].地质学报,2008,82(8):1104-1112
[42]华北油田勘探开发研究院.冀中油气区第三纪地层及微体古生物群[M].科学出版社.1998
[43]卢鸿,王铁冠,徐新德,等.南堡凹陷原油的有机地球化学特征[J].江汉石油学院学报, 1998, 20(3): 28-35
[44]张新建,王婧韫,扬丽英. N凹陷的油源判识[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,3:264-266
[45]郭小文,何生.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起—白云凹陷恩平组烃源岩特征[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(1):31-33,46
[46]孙永革,盛国英,傅家漠,等.辽河盆地东部凹陷未成熟烃源岩中生物标记物组成特征及意义[J].中国科学(B辑),1995,25(12):1298-1301
[47]任拥军,周瑶琪,等.东营凹陷古近系烃源岩成熟度特征[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(2):9-10
[48]王广利,张林晔,王铁冠,等. 3β-烷基甾烷在中国古近系陆相沉积中的发现及其地质意义[J].科学通报,2006,51(12):1440-1441
[49] Kleemann G,Poralla K,Englert G,etal. Tetrahymanol from the phototrophic bacterium Rhodoseudomonas palustris:first report of a gammaccrane triterpene from a Prokaryote[J].Journal of General Microbiology,1990,136:2551-2553
[50] Moldowan JM,Seifert WK,Gallegos EJ. Relationship between petroleum composition and depositiona] environment of Petroleum souree rock[J]. AAPG Bull,1985,69:1255-1268
[51]罗小平,张同周,等.苏丹M盆地原油地球化学特征与母质的沉积环境探讨[J].地质地球化学,2003,31(2):85
[52] Moldowan JM , Fago FJ.Structure and significance of a novel rearranged monoaromatic steroid hydrocarbon in petroleum [J].Geochimica et CosmochimicaActa,1986,50:343-351
[53] SettiL,LanzariniG,PifferiPG,etal. Further research into aerobic degradation of n-alkanes in a heavy oil by a pure culture of a Pseudomonas spp[J].Chemosphere,1993,26:1151
[54] Koledoye B. A., Aydin A., and May E. A new process-based methodology for analysis of shale smear along normal faults in the Niger Delta [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2003,87:445-446
[55]刘泽容,信荃麟,邓俊国,等.断块群油气藏形成机制和构造模式[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:35-88
[56]蒋有录,刘华,王宁等.东营凹陷油气成藏期分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(3):215-218
[57]朱玉双,王震亮,高红等.油气水物化性质与油气运移及保存[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2000,30(5):415-418
[58]黄福堂,冯子辉.松辽盆地王府凹陷油气水地化特征与油源对比[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(6):28-35
[59]蒋有录,李丕龙,翟庆龙等.复杂断块油气田流体性质及分布规律研究——以东辛、永安镇油气田为例[J].地质论评,1994,8(增刊):70-75
[60]李明诚.石油与天然气运移(第三版)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:130-131
[2] L.B.马贡,W.G道主编,张刚译.含油气系统--从烃源岩到圈闭[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:3-25
[3] Smith D.A.Theoretical considerations sealing and non—sealing faults[J].AAPG Bulletin,1996,50:363—374
[4] Walls N.L. Theoretical aspects of cap—rock fault for single and two—phrase hydrocarbon columns[J].Marine and petroleum Geology,1987,4:274—307
[5] Downey M W.Evaluating Seals for Hydrocarbon Accumulations[J]. AAPG,1984,68(11):1752—1763
[6] Allan U.S.A model for the migration and entrapment of hydrocarbon with in faulted structures[J].AAPG bulletin,1989,73:803—811
[7] Bouvier J. D., Kaars-Sijpesteijn C. H., Kluesner D. F., et al. There-dimensional seismic interpretation and fault sealing investigations, Nun River field, Nigeria [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1989,73:1397-1414
[8]曹瑞成,陈章明.早期勘探区断层封闭性评价方法[J].石油学报,1992,13(1):13-22
[9] Lindsay N G , Murp hy F C . Outcrop Studies of Shale Smear on Fault—surface[J].International Association of Sedimentologist Special Publication,1993,15:113—123
[10] Yielding G.,Freeman B.,Needlmm D.T.,Quantitative fault seal prediction[J].AAPG bulletion,1997,81:897—917
[11] Antonellini M ,Aydin A.Efect of Faulting on Fluid Flaw in Porous Sandstones Petrophysical Properties[J]. AAPG,1994,78(2):355—377
[12]吕延防,李国会,王跃文,等.断层封闭性的定量研究方法[J].石油学报,1996,17(3):39-44
[13]付广,曹成润,陈章明.泥岩涂抹系数及其在断层侧向封闭性研究中的应用[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(6):38-39
[14]曾溅辉.正韵律砂层中渗透率级差对石油运移和聚集影响的模拟实验研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(4):102-105
[15]隋风贵,赵乐强.济阳坳陷不整合结构类型及控藏作用[J].大地构造与成矿学, 2006,30(2):161-167
[16]吴亚军,张守安,艾国华.塔里木盆地不整合类型及其与油气藏的关系[J].新疆石油地质,1998,19(2):101-105
[17]吴孔友,查明,柳广第.准葛尔盆地二叠系不整合面及其油气运聚特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,22(6):53-57
[18]张克银,艾国华,吴亚军.碳酸盐岩顶部不整合结构层及控油意义[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(5):16-19
[19]艾国华,张克银.塔里木盆地前石炭系顶面不整合特征及其控油作用[J].石油实验地质,1996,18(1):1-11
[20]谢泰俊,潘祖荫,杨学昌.油气运移动力及通道体系.南海北部大陆边缘盆地分析与油气聚集[M].北京:科学出版社,1997:385-405
[21]赵忠新,王华,郭齐军等.油气输导体系的类型及其输导性能在时空上的演化分析[J].石油实验地质,2002,24(6):527～532
[22]卓勤功,宁方兴,荣娜.断陷盆地输导体系类型及控藏机制[J].地质论评.2005,51(4):416-422
[23]刘震,张善文,赵阳,等.东营凹陷南斜坡输导体系发育特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2003, 30(3):84-86
[24]王震亮,陈荷立.有效运聚通道的提出与确定初探[J].石油实验地质,1999,21(1):71-75
[25]刘华,蒋有录,陈涛等.陆相断陷盆地油气有效输导体系识别-以东营凹陷中央隆起带为例[J].石油实验地质,2008.30(3):232-235
[26]刘华,蒋有录,陈涛.东营凹陷辛东地区有效输导体系及成藏模式[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(4):13-18
[27]李丕龙,庞雄奇等著.陆相断陷盆地隐蔽油气藏形成-以济阳坳陷为例[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:11-15
[28]刘华,任景伦,蒋有录.东营凹陷现河油田河31断块区输导体系与成藏规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(1):5-7
[29]刘德汉.包裹体研究—盆地流体追踪的有力工具[J].地学前缘,1985,2(3-4):149-154
[30]谈迎,刘德良等.应用流体包裹体研究古流体势及油气运移[J].中国科学技术大学学报,2002,32(4):470-478
[31]王铁冠,李素梅等.利用原油含氮化合物研究油气运移[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2002,24(4):83-86
[32]刘洛夫,康永尚.运用原油毗咯类含氮化合物研究塔里木盆地塔中地区石油的二次运移[J].地球化学,1998,27(5):475-480
[33]郝芳,邹华耀,王敏芳等.油气成藏机理研究进展和前沿研究领域[J].地质科技情报,2002,21(4):7-11
[34]金之钧,张发强.油气运移研究现状及主要进展[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(3):263-267
[35]董波.构造作用与济阳坳陷上第三系油气成藏[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(3):25-27
[36]罗文生,张善文.渤南洼陷古近系—新近系断层活动与油气成藏[J].油气地质与采收率,2007,14(3):34-36
[37]米立军,段吉利.渤中坳陷中浅层油气成藏特点及其聚集规律[J].石油学报,2001,22(2):32-36
[38]邓运华.渤海湾盆地上第三系油藏类型及成藏控制因素分析[J].中国海上油气(地质),17(6):359-363
[39]龚再升.上第三系是渤中坳陷及其周围油气勘探的主要领域[J].中国海上油气(地质),2000,14(3):146-153
[40]张善文,王永诗,石砥石等.网毯式油气成藏体系——以济阳坳陷新近系为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):1-10
[41]张文朝,杨德相等.冀中坳陷古近系沉积构造特征与油气分布规律[J].地质学报,2008,82(8):1104-1112
[42]华北油田勘探开发研究院.冀中油气区第三纪地层及微体古生物群[M].科学出版社.1998
[43]卢鸿,王铁冠,徐新德,等.南堡凹陷原油的有机地球化学特征[J].江汉石油学院学报, 1998, 20(3): 28-35
[44]张新建,王婧韫,扬丽英. N凹陷的油源判识[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,3:264-266
[45]郭小文,何生.珠江口盆地番禺低隆起—白云凹陷恩平组烃源岩特征[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(1):31-33,46
[46]孙永革,盛国英,傅家漠,等.辽河盆地东部凹陷未成熟烃源岩中生物标记物组成特征及意义[J].中国科学(B辑),1995,25(12):1298-1301
[47]任拥军,周瑶琪,等.东营凹陷古近系烃源岩成熟度特征[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2006,30(2):9-10
[48]王广利,张林晔,王铁冠,等. 3β-烷基甾烷在中国古近系陆相沉积中的发现及其地质意义[J].科学通报,2006,51(12):1440-1441
[49] Kleemann G,Poralla K,Englert G,etal. Tetrahymanol from the phototrophic bacterium Rhodoseudomonas palustris:first report of a gammaccrane triterpene from a Prokaryote[J].Journal of General Microbiology,1990,136:2551-2553
[50] Moldowan JM,Seifert WK,Gallegos EJ. Relationship between petroleum composition and depositiona] environment of Petroleum souree rock[J]. AAPG Bull,1985,69:1255-1268
[51]罗小平,张同周,等.苏丹M盆地原油地球化学特征与母质的沉积环境探讨[J].地质地球化学,2003,31(2):85
[52] Moldowan JM , Fago FJ.Structure and significance of a novel rearranged monoaromatic steroid hydrocarbon in petroleum [J].Geochimica et CosmochimicaActa,1986,50:343-351
[53] SettiL,LanzariniG,PifferiPG,etal. Further research into aerobic degradation of n-alkanes in a heavy oil by a pure culture of a Pseudomonas spp[J].Chemosphere,1993,26:1151
[54] Koledoye B. A., Aydin A., and May E. A new process-based methodology for analysis of shale smear along normal faults in the Niger Delta [J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2003,87:445-446
[55]刘泽容,信荃麟,邓俊国,等.断块群油气藏形成机制和构造模式[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:35-88
[56]蒋有录,刘华,王宁等.东营凹陷油气成藏期分析[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(3):215-218
[57]朱玉双,王震亮,高红等.油气水物化性质与油气运移及保存[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2000,30(5):415-418
[58]黄福堂,冯子辉.松辽盆地王府凹陷油气水地化特征与油源对比[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(6):28-35
[59]蒋有录,李丕龙,翟庆龙等.复杂断块油气田流体性质及分布规律研究——以东辛、永安镇油气田为例[J].地质论评,1994,8(增刊):70-75
[60]李明诚.石油与天然气运移(第三版)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004:130-131