自然灾害应急物流保障体系研究
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摘要
我国幅员辽阔,各种自然灾害屡见不鲜,历次地震和洪水等灾害造成了建筑损毁、人员死伤、交通中断等巨大损失。为了有效控制各种突发事件,尽量使损失最小化,避免灾害扩大演变为灾难,对应急物流体系系统科学的研究,在自然灾害发生时,对救灾能力的提升有重要意义。
本文首先介绍了课题来源和选题背景,提出研究目的。接着总结了国外应急物流体系现状以及带来的启示。参考国内应急体系理论,建立了应急物流体系结构,根据体系各部门的职能,对应急物流体系的流程做详细说明,提出设计应急物流体系的目标。对应急物流体系系统论的进一步研究有一定的参考意义。第五章从应急物资的筹措、采购与应急物资的配送这两方面来描述应急物资的管理,构建了应急物资管理流程和应急物资配送体系。重新构建的应急物流配送体系进一步完善了应急物流配送流程。第六章评价自然灾害下应急物流的能力,建立了13个应急物流能力评级指标体系,选用AHP层次分析法比较同一地区不同应急物流处理方案的能力。最后总结了全文所作的工作,对应急物流工作的进一步发展研究提出了期望。
All kinds of local natural disasters are frequent in China, we have frequent been suffered many natural disasters such as earthquakes and flood, which caused the buildings were damaged, the traffic was interrupted, a large number of people were died. In order to control all kinds of emergencies effectively, as far as possible to minimize losses from disasters, to avoid the expansion of the disaster, The study on emergency logistics system has very important practical significance to China's disaster relief system.
This paper had studied the emergency logistics system, constructed the emergency logistics system chart, described the whole structure of the system briefly, the system operation process were represented. The present study on the structure of emergency logistics system, the emergency supplies distribution processes and the emergency logistics capability assessment in China which were gave a brief introduction and conclusion, and this paper put forward new ideas. The article focused on materials management and the evaluation of emergency logistics capability under natural disasters. The management of emergency supplies fell into two parts, one was the purchasing and collecting the emergency supplies, the other part is the delivery of emergency supplies. Described the whole process of emergency supplies'management which is from purchasing, collecting to setting and ultimately using and-consumption, construct the flow chart of emergency supplies'management and emergency supplies'distribution. Present clearly the entire operation of the process. It clearly describes the whole operation flow from beginning to the end of the disaster. Finally, established 13 evaluation indexes of the aspects of coordination and command capabilities, material management capabilities and emergency logistics information system through analyzing. Comparing and evaluating the emergency logistics capabilities under different emergency measures with the help of the analytic hierarchy process, which is important for choosing the plan of emergency logistics.
Making the study of emergency logistics more complete and systemic through the research of the emergency logistics system had a significant meaning for improving the disaster relief ability when the disasters happened.
本文首先介绍了课题来源和选题背景,提出研究目的。接着总结了国外应急物流体系现状以及带来的启示。参考国内应急体系理论,建立了应急物流体系结构,根据体系各部门的职能,对应急物流体系的流程做详细说明,提出设计应急物流体系的目标。对应急物流体系系统论的进一步研究有一定的参考意义。第五章从应急物资的筹措、采购与应急物资的配送这两方面来描述应急物资的管理,构建了应急物资管理流程和应急物资配送体系。重新构建的应急物流配送体系进一步完善了应急物流配送流程。第六章评价自然灾害下应急物流的能力,建立了13个应急物流能力评级指标体系,选用AHP层次分析法比较同一地区不同应急物流处理方案的能力。最后总结了全文所作的工作,对应急物流工作的进一步发展研究提出了期望。
All kinds of local natural disasters are frequent in China, we have frequent been suffered many natural disasters such as earthquakes and flood, which caused the buildings were damaged, the traffic was interrupted, a large number of people were died. In order to control all kinds of emergencies effectively, as far as possible to minimize losses from disasters, to avoid the expansion of the disaster, The study on emergency logistics system has very important practical significance to China's disaster relief system.
This paper had studied the emergency logistics system, constructed the emergency logistics system chart, described the whole structure of the system briefly, the system operation process were represented. The present study on the structure of emergency logistics system, the emergency supplies distribution processes and the emergency logistics capability assessment in China which were gave a brief introduction and conclusion, and this paper put forward new ideas. The article focused on materials management and the evaluation of emergency logistics capability under natural disasters. The management of emergency supplies fell into two parts, one was the purchasing and collecting the emergency supplies, the other part is the delivery of emergency supplies. Described the whole process of emergency supplies'management which is from purchasing, collecting to setting and ultimately using and-consumption, construct the flow chart of emergency supplies'management and emergency supplies'distribution. Present clearly the entire operation of the process. It clearly describes the whole operation flow from beginning to the end of the disaster. Finally, established 13 evaluation indexes of the aspects of coordination and command capabilities, material management capabilities and emergency logistics information system through analyzing. Comparing and evaluating the emergency logistics capabilities under different emergency measures with the help of the analytic hierarchy process, which is important for choosing the plan of emergency logistics.
Making the study of emergency logistics more complete and systemic through the research of the emergency logistics system had a significant meaning for improving the disaster relief ability when the disasters happened.
引文
[1]谢如鹤,邱祝强.论应急物流体系的构建及其运作管理[J].物流技术,2005,(10)：78.
[2]旭莲.应对与化解灾害危机的重大命题[J].中国远洋航务,2008,(9)：25.
[3]杨海龙. 如何快速建立震后应急物流体系——对5.12汶川大地震的深度思考[J].物流论坛,2008,30(5)：17-19.
[4]Suleyman T, William AW. The emerging area of emergency management and engineering [C]. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1998.
[5]Trevor Hale and Christopher R. Moberg. Improving supply chain disaster preparedness decision process for secure site location[J]. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management,2005,5:195-207.
[6]AIKENS C H. Facility location models for distribution Planning[Jl. European Journal of Operational Research.1985,22(2):263—279.
[7]Gutierrez GJ. Kouvelis, Kurawala. A robustness approach to uncapacitated network design problems[J]. European Journal of Operations Research,1996(94):362-370.
[8]Fiedich F, Gehbauer, F., Rickers, U., Optimized resource allocation for emergency response
after earthquake disasters[J]. Safety Science,2000(35):41-57.
[9]Zdamar L., Elcinci, Emergency loglstics planning in natural disasters [J]. Annals of Operations Researeh,2004(29):217-245.
[10]LINET, EDIZ, BESTE. Emergency logistics planning in natural disasters[J]. Annals of operations Research,2004(29):165-200.
[11]孙绍骋.中国救灾制度研究[M].北京：商务印书馆,2004.
[12]刘乃娟,刘凯.应急物流建设研究[J].物流科技,2009,9：9-12.
[13]王宗喜,阳波.论应急物流的地位和作用[J].Serial Lectures,2008,7:104-106.
[14]母海林.浅论我国的应急物流系统建设[J].中国高新技术企业,2008,(20)：35-38.
[15]周尧.自然灾害应急物流能力评价体系研究[D].武汉：武汉理工大学管理学院,2009年.
[16]邓琪.从汶川地震看应急物流体系建设[J].特区经济,2008,(12)：299-300.
[17]张世翔.灾害应急物流系统的分析和建立[J].商场现代化,2008,(35)：135-136.
[18]王丰,姜玉宏,王进.应急物流[M].北京：中国物资出版社,2007
[19]周钟秀.“5-12”汶川大地震对应急物流的启示[J].北方经贸,2008,(6)：66-68.
[20]郑燕.我国自然灾害救助法律制度研究[D].成都：西南财经大学,2008年.
[21]Federal Emergency Management Agency. Incident Command System[R].1998
[22]杨锋.国内自然灾害应急物流体系构建研究[D].北京：北京交通大学经济管理学院,2008年.
[23]靖鲲鹏,宋之杰.中国灾害应急物流体系建设———汶川地震反思[J].科技管理研究,2009,(8)：59-62.
[24]傅克俊,胡祥培.应急物流系统及其快速反应机制研究[J].中国软科学,2005,(6)：129-131.
[25]邓伟,王卫国.政府职能在应急物流组织指挥中应发挥的作用[J].中国物流与采购,2003,(23)：26—27.
[26]雷百灵,周云,朱颖,等.汶川地震绵阳极重灾区医疗救援应急指挥纪实[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(8)：581-587.
[27]林芸竹,许群芬,刘世林,等.从地震灾害后我院受赠药品使用情况分析探讨捐赠药品管理[J].中国药房,2010,21(1)：17-20.
[28]李阳,胡文杰,刘佳.大规模灾害救灾物流系统研究[J].中国商界,2009,(3)：256.
[29]李阳,李聚轩,滕立新.大规模灾害救灾物流系统研究[J].资源与环境,2005,23(7)：64-67.
[30]徐健康,邓兴广,李华,等.汶川地震四川省医用物资保障工作情况[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(11)：905-912.
[31]张风华,谢礼立.城市防震减灾能力评估研究[J].自然灾害学报,2001,10(4)：57-64.
[32]周进军.地震灾害综合应急能力评估研究[D].北京：北京工业大学.2009.
[33]陈景春,王爱民,汪丰.突发公共卫生事件应急机制与评估体系建设[J].中国检验检疫,2007,(2)：25-26
[34]迟娜娜.城市灾害应急能力评价指标体系研究[D].北京.首都经济贸易大学2006年.
[35]余德建.周德群.基于ANP理论的应急物流保障能力评价[J].技术与方法物流技术,2008,27(191)：89-91.
[36]Philip T. Evers. Filling Customer Orders from Multiple Locations:A Comparison of Pooling Methods[J]. Journal of Business Logistics,1999,20(1):9-19.
[37]钟利军.应急物流系统绩效评价[J].物流工程与管理,2009,31(177)：68-69.
[38]田依林,杨青.突发事件应急物流能力评价指标体系建模研究[J].应用基础与工程科学报告,2008,16(2)：200-207.
[2]旭莲.应对与化解灾害危机的重大命题[J].中国远洋航务,2008,(9)：25.
[3]杨海龙. 如何快速建立震后应急物流体系——对5.12汶川大地震的深度思考[J].物流论坛,2008,30(5)：17-19.
[4]Suleyman T, William AW. The emerging area of emergency management and engineering [C]. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1998.
[5]Trevor Hale and Christopher R. Moberg. Improving supply chain disaster preparedness decision process for secure site location[J]. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management,2005,5:195-207.
[6]AIKENS C H. Facility location models for distribution Planning[Jl. European Journal of Operational Research.1985,22(2):263—279.
[7]Gutierrez GJ. Kouvelis, Kurawala. A robustness approach to uncapacitated network design problems[J]. European Journal of Operations Research,1996(94):362-370.
[8]Fiedich F, Gehbauer, F., Rickers, U., Optimized resource allocation for emergency response
after earthquake disasters[J]. Safety Science,2000(35):41-57.
[9]Zdamar L., Elcinci, Emergency loglstics planning in natural disasters [J]. Annals of Operations Researeh,2004(29):217-245.
[10]LINET, EDIZ, BESTE. Emergency logistics planning in natural disasters[J]. Annals of operations Research,2004(29):165-200.
[11]孙绍骋.中国救灾制度研究[M].北京：商务印书馆,2004.
[12]刘乃娟,刘凯.应急物流建设研究[J].物流科技,2009,9：9-12.
[13]王宗喜,阳波.论应急物流的地位和作用[J].Serial Lectures,2008,7:104-106.
[14]母海林.浅论我国的应急物流系统建设[J].中国高新技术企业,2008,(20)：35-38.
[15]周尧.自然灾害应急物流能力评价体系研究[D].武汉：武汉理工大学管理学院,2009年.
[16]邓琪.从汶川地震看应急物流体系建设[J].特区经济,2008,(12)：299-300.
[17]张世翔.灾害应急物流系统的分析和建立[J].商场现代化,2008,(35)：135-136.
[18]王丰,姜玉宏,王进.应急物流[M].北京：中国物资出版社,2007
[19]周钟秀.“5-12”汶川大地震对应急物流的启示[J].北方经贸,2008,(6)：66-68.
[20]郑燕.我国自然灾害救助法律制度研究[D].成都：西南财经大学,2008年.
[21]Federal Emergency Management Agency. Incident Command System[R].1998
[22]杨锋.国内自然灾害应急物流体系构建研究[D].北京：北京交通大学经济管理学院,2008年.
[23]靖鲲鹏,宋之杰.中国灾害应急物流体系建设———汶川地震反思[J].科技管理研究,2009,(8)：59-62.
[24]傅克俊,胡祥培.应急物流系统及其快速反应机制研究[J].中国软科学,2005,(6)：129-131.
[25]邓伟,王卫国.政府职能在应急物流组织指挥中应发挥的作用[J].中国物流与采购,2003,(23)：26—27.
[26]雷百灵,周云,朱颖,等.汶川地震绵阳极重灾区医疗救援应急指挥纪实[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(8)：581-587.
[27]林芸竹,许群芬,刘世林,等.从地震灾害后我院受赠药品使用情况分析探讨捐赠药品管理[J].中国药房,2010,21(1)：17-20.
[28]李阳,胡文杰,刘佳.大规模灾害救灾物流系统研究[J].中国商界,2009,(3)：256.
[29]李阳,李聚轩,滕立新.大规模灾害救灾物流系统研究[J].资源与环境,2005,23(7)：64-67.
[30]徐健康,邓兴广,李华,等.汶川地震四川省医用物资保障工作情况[J].中国循证医学杂志,2008,8(11)：905-912.
[31]张风华,谢礼立.城市防震减灾能力评估研究[J].自然灾害学报,2001,10(4)：57-64.
[32]周进军.地震灾害综合应急能力评估研究[D].北京：北京工业大学.2009.
[33]陈景春,王爱民,汪丰.突发公共卫生事件应急机制与评估体系建设[J].中国检验检疫,2007,(2)：25-26
[34]迟娜娜.城市灾害应急能力评价指标体系研究[D].北京.首都经济贸易大学2006年.
[35]余德建.周德群.基于ANP理论的应急物流保障能力评价[J].技术与方法物流技术,2008,27(191)：89-91.
[36]Philip T. Evers. Filling Customer Orders from Multiple Locations:A Comparison of Pooling Methods[J]. Journal of Business Logistics,1999,20(1):9-19.
[37]钟利军.应急物流系统绩效评价[J].物流工程与管理,2009,31(177)：68-69.
[38]田依林,杨青.突发事件应急物流能力评价指标体系建模研究[J].应用基础与工程科学报告,2008,16(2)：200-207.