媒体失稳破坏前兆规律的多参量监测研究
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摘要
进入深部开采,煤岩体失稳破坏有时表现异常剧烈,且具有突发性、宏观前兆不明显的特征,准确提取其失稳破坏的前兆信息将有着重要的研究意义。论文通过自行设计的声发射、介电常数、变形场及表面温度场的多参量实验监测系统,对煤岩样非均匀介质变形局部化的时空演化规律进行了研究,获取了煤样在单轴荷载作用下失稳破坏的声发射、介电常数、温度的前兆信息;针对深部开采矿井冲击地压事件发生过程中的微震及电磁辐射等监测结果进行了分析研究,并结合实验结论来分析其前兆信号产生的特征;通过对现场综采工作面回采过程中前方遇见断层为研究背景,在采面两条巷道中设计并布置了支护荷载、温度、湿度、风速、电磁辐射等参量在内的多种监测设备,达到对各监测点在时间及空间上同步监测的目的,对采集到的现场多参量监测数据应用多元统计分析方法对其进行归纳;对煤岩样进行动态荷载下的CT扫描,通过三维重建方法数值模拟,确定了动荷载作用下各时间阶段应力场、塑性区和能量的演化规律。本文的研究对深入理解煤岩体失稳破坏前兆特征有重要的理论意义和指导价值。
In deep mining, coal and rock mass dynamic instability destruction showed abnormal violent, suddenly, and nearly no macroscopic precursor sometimes. So it had an important means to achieve accurate information of instability destruction precursor of coal and mine. In this paper, taking use of the self-designed multi-parameter experimental monitoring system which include acoustic emission, dielectric constant, the strain field and the surface temperature field, studying the acoustic emission, dielectric constant and temperature precursors information under uniaxial compression base on time-space evolution of uniform medium deformation localization zone. According to the results of microseismic and electromagnetic radiation in the process of rock bust in deep mining, to analyze precursors generating mechanism with the conclusions of experimental. Taking the small fault as research background, which existence ahead of fully mechanized coal face, the roadway stability were synchronous monitored by the means of multi-parameter methods. Monitoring equipments include support load, temperature, humidity, wind speed, electromagnetic radiation and so on which distributed in the two roadways. In order to summary and analyse the data which achieved in site multi-parameter monitoring, using multivariate statistical methods. The numerical simulation of three-dimensional reconstruction model based on the CT scan images, which analyse the time-space evolution characteristics of stress field and plastic zone at each time period under the dynamic load. Meanwhile, the evolution rule of energy which produced in numerical simulation was also studied. According to above research, it had more deeply understand precursor characteristics of coal and mine dynamic instability destruction.
引文
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