基于GPP的LTE下行接收并行策略及均衡的设计与实现
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摘要
随着移动互联网时代的到来,高清电视、视频会议、在线游戏等分组业务需求日益增长,这都要求未来移动通信能提供更高的传输速率,更广的信号覆盖,更稳定的传输质量。3GPP长期演进(LTE)作为第三代无线通信系统的演进,相比于3G系统LTE支持的系统带宽更大、带宽配置更灵活、上下行峰值速率更高、网络结构更扁平、接入时延更小。LTE带来高峰值速率的同时也将导致基带数字信号处理的高复杂度。
通用处理器(GPP),以其强大的数据处理能力和灵活性,开始逐渐应用到高密集度数据处理的软件无线电中。本文研究的重点是设计与实现LTE下行接收的并行策略,以及均衡检测模块。理论方而主要研究均衡检测技术以对抗多径衰落、噪声以及干扰等带来的影响。实现方面主要研究优化策略以达到实时信号处理的高吞吐要求。通过利用多核处理器的多核以及寄存器等优势,在大粒度上实现多线程的并行计算,同时利用SIMD指令实现细粒度的指令并行,从而减少运算耗时,实现高速率的吞吐要求。此外本文还重点研究了均衡检测算法,在SISO、SIMO、MIMO三种传输模式下进行了均衡算法仿真,通过折中算法复杂度与误码率性能,最终选择合适的均衡算法在GPP上实现。本论文研究使用的SSE指令优化效果显著,对于在通用处理器上进行实时信号处理软件的开发有很大借鉴意义。
With the arrival of the eva of mobile Internet, the damand of the packet services such as high-definition TV, video conferencing and online games grows faster and faster. And those growing demand requires the future mobile communication system to provide higher transmission rates, broader coverage and more stable transmission quality. As the evolution of the third generation wireless communication system,3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) supports a greater system bandwidth, more flexible bandwidth configuration, higher peak data rate of the uplink and downlink, more flat the network structure and less access delay. LTE system which brings the high peak rate will also lead to the high complexity of the baseband digital signal processing.
General-purpose processor, which is suitable for software radio processing because of its powerful processing capability and flexibility, has aroused industry-wide attention and exploration. This paper mainly focuses on design and implementation of LTE downlink receiver parallel strategy and MIMO detection based on GPP. Theoretical aspects of the paper research detection technology to solve the impact of multipath fading, noise and interference. Development aspects of the paper sturdy how to design the optimization strategies to achieve high throughput requirements of real-time signal processing. Through the use of multi-core processor, we can both take advantage of multithreaded parallel computing and SIMD instructions to reduce processing time and realize high throughput requirements. This paper also focuses on the detection algorithm with transmission modes including SISO, SIMO and MIMO. Finally this paper chooses the appropriate algorithm and implements it on GPP after comparing the algorithm complexity and BER performance. The optimizing effect is obvious by using SSE instruction and it is of great significance for real-time signal processing based on GPP.
通用处理器(GPP),以其强大的数据处理能力和灵活性,开始逐渐应用到高密集度数据处理的软件无线电中。本文研究的重点是设计与实现LTE下行接收的并行策略,以及均衡检测模块。理论方而主要研究均衡检测技术以对抗多径衰落、噪声以及干扰等带来的影响。实现方面主要研究优化策略以达到实时信号处理的高吞吐要求。通过利用多核处理器的多核以及寄存器等优势,在大粒度上实现多线程的并行计算,同时利用SIMD指令实现细粒度的指令并行,从而减少运算耗时,实现高速率的吞吐要求。此外本文还重点研究了均衡检测算法,在SISO、SIMO、MIMO三种传输模式下进行了均衡算法仿真,通过折中算法复杂度与误码率性能,最终选择合适的均衡算法在GPP上实现。本论文研究使用的SSE指令优化效果显著,对于在通用处理器上进行实时信号处理软件的开发有很大借鉴意义。
With the arrival of the eva of mobile Internet, the damand of the packet services such as high-definition TV, video conferencing and online games grows faster and faster. And those growing demand requires the future mobile communication system to provide higher transmission rates, broader coverage and more stable transmission quality. As the evolution of the third generation wireless communication system,3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) supports a greater system bandwidth, more flexible bandwidth configuration, higher peak data rate of the uplink and downlink, more flat the network structure and less access delay. LTE system which brings the high peak rate will also lead to the high complexity of the baseband digital signal processing.
General-purpose processor, which is suitable for software radio processing because of its powerful processing capability and flexibility, has aroused industry-wide attention and exploration. This paper mainly focuses on design and implementation of LTE downlink receiver parallel strategy and MIMO detection based on GPP. Theoretical aspects of the paper research detection technology to solve the impact of multipath fading, noise and interference. Development aspects of the paper sturdy how to design the optimization strategies to achieve high throughput requirements of real-time signal processing. Through the use of multi-core processor, we can both take advantage of multithreaded parallel computing and SIMD instructions to reduce processing time and realize high throughput requirements. This paper also focuses on the detection algorithm with transmission modes including SISO, SIMO and MIMO. Finally this paper chooses the appropriate algorithm and implements it on GPP after comparing the algorithm complexity and BER performance. The optimizing effect is obvious by using SSE instruction and it is of great significance for real-time signal processing based on GPP.
引文
[1]沈嘉,索士强,全海洋等3GPP长期演进(LTE)技术原理与系统设计人民邮电出版社2008年1-5
[2]蒋佳俊3G LTE下行链路自适应调制编码技术研究 [学位论文],上海,复旦大学,2009
[3]余彩虹基于OFDMA的LTE下行多址接入方案通信与信息技术 总第179期2009年3月 56-57
[4]王映民,孙韶辉TD-LTE技术原理与系统设计 人民邮电出版社2010年150-151
[5]Taekyu Kim and Sin-Chong Park, "Reduced Complexity Detection for V-BLAST Systems from Iteration Canceling", International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers and Communications,2008.
[6]3GPP TS 36.211 v8.6.0. Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);Physical Channel and Modulation.2009.
[7]孙兴基于通用处理器的TD_SCDMA接收机的设计与实现 [学位论文],北京,北京邮电大学,2012
[8]屈文新,樊晓桠,张盛兵 多核多线程处理器存储技术研究进展 计算机科学第34期2007年4月13-15
[9]李玉祥面向非多媒体程序的SIMD向量化方法及优化技术研究[学位论文],合肥,中国科学技术大学,2008
[10]马晓慧LTE下行链路关键技术的研究与实现[学位论文],西安,西安电子科技大学,2009
[11]徐信,白宾峰,蔡跃明 无线OFDM系统中基于导频信道估计方法的性能比较解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版)第06期2003年12月11-15
[12]E. Viterbo and J. Boutros, "A universal lattice code decoder for fading channels", IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol.45, pp. 1639-1642, Jul,1999.
[13]J. Anderson and S. Mohan, "Sequential coding algorithms:A survey and cost analysis", Communications, IEEE Transactions on [legacy, pre-1988], vol. 32, no.2, pp.169-176, Feb,1984.
[14]张晓Turbo码并行译码及并行交织研究与仿真[学位论文],西安,西安电子科技大学,2010
[15]钟震宇LTE中信道编译码设计及其基于picochip芯片的硬件实现[学位论文],北京,北京邮电大学,2012
[16]叶国华 基于DSP的Turbo码编译码器的实现[学位论文],兰州,州大学,2008
[17]刘迪 基于Intel处理器LTE上行链路共享信道PUSCH设计、实现与多核优化[学位论文],北京,北京邮电大学,2012
[18]韩晓艳Rayleigh衰落信道下组合SC_MRC的性能分析 黑龙江科技信息第29期 2010年12月106-108
[19]范忠亮,王永生,许家栋等 基于矩阵和求逆及MRC的低复杂度MIMO检测器 测控技术第09期 2011年10月99-104
[20]Farooq Khan, LTE for 4G Mobile Broadband; Air Interface Technologies and Performance,Cambridge University Press,2009:252-289.
[21]Pingping Shang and Sooyoung Kim, "Soft ZF MIMO detection for turbo codes",2010 IEEE 6th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), pp.116-120, Nov, 2010.
[22]Dirk Wubben, Ronald Bohnke, Volker Kuhn and Karl-Dirk Kammeyer, "Near-maximum-likelihood detection of MIMO systems using MMSE-based lattice reduction".2004 IEEE International Conference on Communications, vol.2, pp.798-802, June,2004.
[23]王赟,汪晋宽,解志斌一种改进的排序QR分解MIMO检测算法信息与控制第37卷第2期2008年4月150-154
[24]A. T. Le, X. N. Tran and T. Fujino, "Combined MMSE and ML multiuser detection for multiuser STBC-OFDM Systems," Technical Report of IEICE, WBS2004-137, vol.104, no.674,91-96, March 2005.
[25]Erik G. Larsson and Joakim·Jalden, "Fixed-Complexity Soft MIMO Detection via Partial Marginalization", IEEE Trans. Signal Process, vol.56, no.8, pp.3397-3407, Aug,2008.
[26]F. Tosato and P. Bisagliz, "Simplified soft-output demapper for binary interleaved COFDM with application to HIPERLAN/2", proceedings of IEEE ICC 2002, vol.2, pp.644-668, May,2002.
[27]3GPP TS 36.101 v9.2.0, "User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception", December,2009.
[28]韩小琴LTE下行MIMO技术的接收算法研究[学位论文],西安,西安电子科技大学,2009
[29]曾九菊MIMO系统信号检测算法的研究[学位论文],南京,南京邮电大学,2011
[30]焦飞MIMO-OFDM系统均衡技术研究[学位论文],西安,西安电子科技大学,2009
[2]蒋佳俊3G LTE下行链路自适应调制编码技术研究 [学位论文],上海,复旦大学,2009
[3]余彩虹基于OFDMA的LTE下行多址接入方案通信与信息技术 总第179期2009年3月 56-57
[4]王映民,孙韶辉TD-LTE技术原理与系统设计 人民邮电出版社2010年150-151
[5]Taekyu Kim and Sin-Chong Park, "Reduced Complexity Detection for V-BLAST Systems from Iteration Canceling", International Technical Conference on Circuits/Systems, Computers and Communications,2008.
[6]3GPP TS 36.211 v8.6.0. Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA);Physical Channel and Modulation.2009.
[7]孙兴基于通用处理器的TD_SCDMA接收机的设计与实现 [学位论文],北京,北京邮电大学,2012
[8]屈文新,樊晓桠,张盛兵 多核多线程处理器存储技术研究进展 计算机科学第34期2007年4月13-15
[9]李玉祥面向非多媒体程序的SIMD向量化方法及优化技术研究[学位论文],合肥,中国科学技术大学,2008
[10]马晓慧LTE下行链路关键技术的研究与实现[学位论文],西安,西安电子科技大学,2009
[11]徐信,白宾峰,蔡跃明 无线OFDM系统中基于导频信道估计方法的性能比较解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版)第06期2003年12月11-15
[12]E. Viterbo and J. Boutros, "A universal lattice code decoder for fading channels", IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol.45, pp. 1639-1642, Jul,1999.
[13]J. Anderson and S. Mohan, "Sequential coding algorithms:A survey and cost analysis", Communications, IEEE Transactions on [legacy, pre-1988], vol. 32, no.2, pp.169-176, Feb,1984.
[14]张晓Turbo码并行译码及并行交织研究与仿真[学位论文],西安,西安电子科技大学,2010
[15]钟震宇LTE中信道编译码设计及其基于picochip芯片的硬件实现[学位论文],北京,北京邮电大学,2012
[16]叶国华 基于DSP的Turbo码编译码器的实现[学位论文],兰州,州大学,2008
[17]刘迪 基于Intel处理器LTE上行链路共享信道PUSCH设计、实现与多核优化[学位论文],北京,北京邮电大学,2012
[18]韩晓艳Rayleigh衰落信道下组合SC_MRC的性能分析 黑龙江科技信息第29期 2010年12月106-108
[19]范忠亮,王永生,许家栋等 基于矩阵和求逆及MRC的低复杂度MIMO检测器 测控技术第09期 2011年10月99-104
[20]Farooq Khan, LTE for 4G Mobile Broadband; Air Interface Technologies and Performance,Cambridge University Press,2009:252-289.
[21]Pingping Shang and Sooyoung Kim, "Soft ZF MIMO detection for turbo codes",2010 IEEE 6th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), pp.116-120, Nov, 2010.
[22]Dirk Wubben, Ronald Bohnke, Volker Kuhn and Karl-Dirk Kammeyer, "Near-maximum-likelihood detection of MIMO systems using MMSE-based lattice reduction".2004 IEEE International Conference on Communications, vol.2, pp.798-802, June,2004.
[23]王赟,汪晋宽,解志斌一种改进的排序QR分解MIMO检测算法信息与控制第37卷第2期2008年4月150-154
[24]A. T. Le, X. N. Tran and T. Fujino, "Combined MMSE and ML multiuser detection for multiuser STBC-OFDM Systems," Technical Report of IEICE, WBS2004-137, vol.104, no.674,91-96, March 2005.
[25]Erik G. Larsson and Joakim·Jalden, "Fixed-Complexity Soft MIMO Detection via Partial Marginalization", IEEE Trans. Signal Process, vol.56, no.8, pp.3397-3407, Aug,2008.
[26]F. Tosato and P. Bisagliz, "Simplified soft-output demapper for binary interleaved COFDM with application to HIPERLAN/2", proceedings of IEEE ICC 2002, vol.2, pp.644-668, May,2002.
[27]3GPP TS 36.101 v9.2.0, "User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception", December,2009.
[28]韩小琴LTE下行MIMO技术的接收算法研究[学位论文],西安,西安电子科技大学,2009
[29]曾九菊MIMO系统信号检测算法的研究[学位论文],南京,南京邮电大学,2011
[30]焦飞MIMO-OFDM系统均衡技术研究[学位论文],西安,西安电子科技大学,2009