大庆外围低渗透扶杨油层储层评价新方法
|
摘要
大庆外围地区扶杨油层探明储量占大庆外围地区累计探明储量一半以上。扶杨油层河道砂体规模小,储层物性差,非均质性强。分析了特低渗透油藏地质特征参数、油藏特征参数,应用非达西渗流理论研究了影响开发效果的参数。在此基础上,根据低渗透储层特点,利用恒速压汞、核磁共振、低渗透渗流理论等研究手段,将喉道半径、可动流体百分数、启动压力梯度子3个参数作为低渗透油储量的评价指标,建立了与之对应的分级评价方法和分级界限。为使评价结果定量化,以便利用评价结果深入分析储层储集性能,使用主因子分析与聚类分析相结合的方法进行评价,首先对由主因子分析得到的各主因子得分进行归一化处理;然后用归一化得分与对应主因子的方差贡献率相乘后相加,得到样本总得分。根据样本总得分,运用聚类分析,进行储层分级,该方法成功地应用于大庆油田外围低渗透储层评价,为低渗透储层的合理开发提供了理论依据。按照该方法重新将低渗透储层划分为3种类型4个亚类。3类即低渗透层(Ⅰ类)、特低渗透层(Ⅱ类)、超低渗透层(Ⅲ类),其中特低渗透层和超低渗透层各细分为2个亚类。
The proved reserve of Fuyang oil layer, with small-scale channel sand body, poor physical property and serious heterogeneity. The geological characteristics, reservoir characteristics of ultra low permeability reservoir are analyzed. The parameters impacting the development results are investigated using theory of non-Darey Porous media flow. Based on this, the rate-controlled mercury injection, nuclear magnetic resonance, porous flow theory of low-permeability reservoir and physical simulation were used to evaluate the reserves of low-permeability reservoirs, taking throat radius, percentage of mobile fluid, start-up pressure gradient as the evaluating indexes.The corresponding hierarchical appraisal methodand hierarchical demarcation line were set up. In order to quantitatively analyze the characteristics of the reservoir, the reservoir is tentatively evaluated with Principal Factor Analysis(PFA) and Fast Clustering Method(FCM). Firstly, the scores of the principal factors obtained by PFA are normalized; then, the normalized scores are multiplied with the weights of the corresponding principal factors and added to get the scores of the samples. The reservoirs are evaluated by applied FCM with the scores of the samples. This method has been successfully applied to the evaluation of low-permeability reservoirs in Daqing peripheral oilfield. Using this new classification method, the low-permeability reservoir are classified into three types and four sub-types. The three types include low permeability reservoir(I), extra-low permeability reservoir(II) and super-low permeability reservoir(III). The three types include low permeability reservoir(I), extra-low permeability reservoir (II),super-low permeability reservoir (III). Among them extra-low permeability reservoir and super-low permeability reservoir are the main reservoir types, they are divided into two sub-types respectively.
The proved reserve of Fuyang oil layer, with small-scale channel sand body, poor physical property and serious heterogeneity. The geological characteristics, reservoir characteristics of ultra low permeability reservoir are analyzed. The parameters impacting the development results are investigated using theory of non-Darey Porous media flow. Based on this, the rate-controlled mercury injection, nuclear magnetic resonance, porous flow theory of low-permeability reservoir and physical simulation were used to evaluate the reserves of low-permeability reservoirs, taking throat radius, percentage of mobile fluid, start-up pressure gradient as the evaluating indexes.The corresponding hierarchical appraisal methodand hierarchical demarcation line were set up. In order to quantitatively analyze the characteristics of the reservoir, the reservoir is tentatively evaluated with Principal Factor Analysis(PFA) and Fast Clustering Method(FCM). Firstly, the scores of the principal factors obtained by PFA are normalized; then, the normalized scores are multiplied with the weights of the corresponding principal factors and added to get the scores of the samples. The reservoirs are evaluated by applied FCM with the scores of the samples. This method has been successfully applied to the evaluation of low-permeability reservoirs in Daqing peripheral oilfield. Using this new classification method, the low-permeability reservoir are classified into three types and four sub-types. The three types include low permeability reservoir(I), extra-low permeability reservoir(II) and super-low permeability reservoir(III). The three types include low permeability reservoir(I), extra-low permeability reservoir (II),super-low permeability reservoir (III). Among them extra-low permeability reservoir and super-low permeability reservoir are the main reservoir types, they are divided into two sub-types respectively.
引文
[1]杨正明,张英芝,郝明强.低渗透油田储层综合评价方法[J],石油学报,2006,27(2)
[2]王渝明,庞颜民,杨树锋.基于启动压力梯度的低渗透砂岩储层分类研究[J],高校地质学报,2005,11(4):617-621.
[3]于俊波,郭殿军,王新强等.基于恒速压汞技术的低渗透储层物性特征[J],大庆石油学院学报,2006,30(2)
[4]郝明强,刘先贵,胡永乐等.微裂缝性特低渗透油藏储层特征研究[J],石油学报,2007,28(5)
[5]高辉,宋广寿,孙卫等.储层特低渗透成因分析与评价——以安塞油田沿25区块为例[J],地球科学进展,2007,22(11)
[6]万俭英,王始波,赵秋枫.大庆长垣及以西地区泉三、四段扶杨油层储层特征[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(5)
[7]周永炳,崔宝文,周锡生.大庆外围扶杨油层难采储量优选界限及开发方案[J],石油实验地质,2006,28(4)
[8]李中锋,何顺利,门成全.低渗透油田非达西渗流规律研究[J],油气井测试2006,14(3)
[9]于俊波,郭殿军,王新强.启动压力梯度对低渗透油田开发的影响研究[J],2007,11
[10]姜来译.低渗透油藏可动流体饱和度研究——以冷西地区为例[J],2004,11(2)
[11]郝明强,李树铁,杨正明.可动流体相对体积对低渗透油藏开发效果的影响[J],2006,27(3)
[12]杨正明,苗盛,刘先贵等.特低渗透油藏可动流体百分数参数及其应用[J],2006,22(2)
[13]吕红华,任明达,柳金诚,Q型主因子分析与聚类分析在柴达木盆地花土沟油田新近系砂岩储层评价中的应用北京大学学报(自然科学版)[J],2006,42(6)
[14]王勇,鲍志东,刘虎.低孔、低渗储层评价中数学方法的应用研究[J],西南石油大学学报,2007,29(5)
[15]郑敏,毛立华,付洁.低渗透储层综合分类评价—以蹼城油田为例[J],河南石油,2005,19(2)
[16]赵永刚,吴非.核磁共振测井技术在储层评价中的应用[J],天然气工业,2007
[17]陈丽华,王家华,李应进等.油气储层研究技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:51-60.
[18]裘怿楠.油气储层评价技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:20-43.
[19]蒋明,郝恩杰.二连低渗透砂岩油藏开发中的几点认识[J].石油学报,2000,21(4):58-64.
[20]孙黎娟.砂岩孔隙空间结构特征研究的新方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(1):29-31.
[21]高敏,安秀荣,衹菽华等.用核磁共振测井资料评价储层的孔隙结构[J].测井技术,2000,24(3):188-193.
[22]王为民,郭和坤,叶朝辉.利用核磁共振可动流体评价低渗透油田开发潜力[J].石油学 报,2001,22(6):40-44.
[23]杨正明,刘先贵,孙长艳,等.低渗透油藏产量递减规律及水驱特征曲线[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):55-56.
[24]赵应成,王天琦,田光荣,等.低渗透油田富集区预测技术研究—以松辽盆地扶杨油层为例[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):21-26.
[25]罗蛰潭,王允诚.油气储集层的孔隙结构[M].北京:科学出版社,1986.
[26]严衡文,周培珍,皮广农.冀东地区南堡潜山带深层储集性能评价研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:32-40.
[27]唐曾熊.油气藏的开发分类及描述[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[28]李道品,罗迪强,刘雨芬等.低渗透砂岩油田开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:354.
[29]李道品,罗迪强,刘雨芬.低渗透油田的概念及其在我国的分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:1-10.
[30]宋国初,李克勤,凌升阶.陕甘宁盆地大油田形成与分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:254-288.
[31]赵澄林,胡爱梅,陈碧珏等.中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准,油气储层评价方法(SY/T628521997)[S].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:16.
[32]葛家理.现代油藏渗流力学原理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001,29-31
[33]李凡华,刘慈群.含启动压力梯度的不定常渗流的压力动态分析[J],油气井测试,1997,6(1):1-4
[34]邓英尔,刘慈群.具有启动压力梯度的油水两相渗流理论与开发指标计算方法[J],石油勘探与开发,1998,25(6):36-39
[35]吴凡,孙黎娟,乔国安.气体渗流特征及启动压力规律的研究[J].天然气工业,2001,21(1):82-84
[36]李允,陈军,张烈辉.一个新的低渗气藏开发数值模拟模型[J].天然气工业,2004,24(8):65-68
[37]黄延章.低渗透油层渗流机理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998,93-101
[38]杨正明,姜汉桥,朱光亚.低渗透含水气藏评价参数研究[J].石油学报,2008,28(2)
[39]冯文光,葛家理.单一介质、双重介质中非定常非达西低速渗流问题[J].石油勘探与开发,1985,(1):56
[40]邓英尔,闫庆来,马宝歧.界面分子力作用与渗透率的关系及其对渗流的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(2):46-49.
[41]吕成远,王建,孙志刚.低渗透砂岩油藏渗流启动压力梯度实验研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):86
[42]张英芝,杨铁军,王文昌等.特低渗透油藏开发技术研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[43]高文君,刘瑛.产量递减规律与水驱特征曲线的关系[J].断块油气 田,2002,9 (3): 45-49.
[44] Bredehoeft J D, et al. The hydrodynamics of the big horn basin :a study of the role of faults.AAPGBulletin,1992,76(4):530-546.
[45]Hunt J M. Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressured fluid compartments,AAPGBulletin,1990,74(1):1-12.
[46]John M Hunt. Generation and Migration of Petroleum from Abnormally Pressured Fluid,AAPG,74(1):1-12.
[47] Catalan Letal. An experiment study of secondary oil migration. AAPG Bulletin,1992,76(5):638-650.
[48] Chapman R E.Effects of oil and gas accumulation on water movement.AAPG Bulletin,1982,66(3):189-190.
[49] England W A. The movement and entrapment of petroleum fluids in the subsurface.Jour.Of the Geol. Soci., London,1987,144:327-347.
[50]Hooper ECD.Fluid migration along growth faults in compacting Sediments. Jour.of Petro.Geol,1991,4(2):161-180.
[51]Hubbert M K. Entrapment of petroleum under hydrodynamic conditions.AAPG Bulletin, 1953,37(8): 1954-2026.
[2]王渝明,庞颜民,杨树锋.基于启动压力梯度的低渗透砂岩储层分类研究[J],高校地质学报,2005,11(4):617-621.
[3]于俊波,郭殿军,王新强等.基于恒速压汞技术的低渗透储层物性特征[J],大庆石油学院学报,2006,30(2)
[4]郝明强,刘先贵,胡永乐等.微裂缝性特低渗透油藏储层特征研究[J],石油学报,2007,28(5)
[5]高辉,宋广寿,孙卫等.储层特低渗透成因分析与评价——以安塞油田沿25区块为例[J],地球科学进展,2007,22(11)
[6]万俭英,王始波,赵秋枫.大庆长垣及以西地区泉三、四段扶杨油层储层特征[J],大庆石油地质与开发,2007,26(5)
[7]周永炳,崔宝文,周锡生.大庆外围扶杨油层难采储量优选界限及开发方案[J],石油实验地质,2006,28(4)
[8]李中锋,何顺利,门成全.低渗透油田非达西渗流规律研究[J],油气井测试2006,14(3)
[9]于俊波,郭殿军,王新强.启动压力梯度对低渗透油田开发的影响研究[J],2007,11
[10]姜来译.低渗透油藏可动流体饱和度研究——以冷西地区为例[J],2004,11(2)
[11]郝明强,李树铁,杨正明.可动流体相对体积对低渗透油藏开发效果的影响[J],2006,27(3)
[12]杨正明,苗盛,刘先贵等.特低渗透油藏可动流体百分数参数及其应用[J],2006,22(2)
[13]吕红华,任明达,柳金诚,Q型主因子分析与聚类分析在柴达木盆地花土沟油田新近系砂岩储层评价中的应用北京大学学报(自然科学版)[J],2006,42(6)
[14]王勇,鲍志东,刘虎.低孔、低渗储层评价中数学方法的应用研究[J],西南石油大学学报,2007,29(5)
[15]郑敏,毛立华,付洁.低渗透储层综合分类评价—以蹼城油田为例[J],河南石油,2005,19(2)
[16]赵永刚,吴非.核磁共振测井技术在储层评价中的应用[J],天然气工业,2007
[17]陈丽华,王家华,李应进等.油气储层研究技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:51-60.
[18]裘怿楠.油气储层评价技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:20-43.
[19]蒋明,郝恩杰.二连低渗透砂岩油藏开发中的几点认识[J].石油学报,2000,21(4):58-64.
[20]孙黎娟.砂岩孔隙空间结构特征研究的新方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(1):29-31.
[21]高敏,安秀荣,衹菽华等.用核磁共振测井资料评价储层的孔隙结构[J].测井技术,2000,24(3):188-193.
[22]王为民,郭和坤,叶朝辉.利用核磁共振可动流体评价低渗透油田开发潜力[J].石油学 报,2001,22(6):40-44.
[23]杨正明,刘先贵,孙长艳,等.低渗透油藏产量递减规律及水驱特征曲线[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(3):55-56.
[24]赵应成,王天琦,田光荣,等.低渗透油田富集区预测技术研究—以松辽盆地扶杨油层为例[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):21-26.
[25]罗蛰潭,王允诚.油气储集层的孔隙结构[M].北京:科学出版社,1986.
[26]严衡文,周培珍,皮广农.冀东地区南堡潜山带深层储集性能评价研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993:32-40.
[27]唐曾熊.油气藏的开发分类及描述[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.
[28]李道品,罗迪强,刘雨芬等.低渗透砂岩油田开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:354.
[29]李道品,罗迪强,刘雨芬.低渗透油田的概念及其在我国的分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:1-10.
[30]宋国初,李克勤,凌升阶.陕甘宁盆地大油田形成与分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997:254-288.
[31]赵澄林,胡爱梅,陈碧珏等.中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准,油气储层评价方法(SY/T628521997)[S].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:16.
[32]葛家理.现代油藏渗流力学原理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001,29-31
[33]李凡华,刘慈群.含启动压力梯度的不定常渗流的压力动态分析[J],油气井测试,1997,6(1):1-4
[34]邓英尔,刘慈群.具有启动压力梯度的油水两相渗流理论与开发指标计算方法[J],石油勘探与开发,1998,25(6):36-39
[35]吴凡,孙黎娟,乔国安.气体渗流特征及启动压力规律的研究[J].天然气工业,2001,21(1):82-84
[36]李允,陈军,张烈辉.一个新的低渗气藏开发数值模拟模型[J].天然气工业,2004,24(8):65-68
[37]黄延章.低渗透油层渗流机理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998,93-101
[38]杨正明,姜汉桥,朱光亚.低渗透含水气藏评价参数研究[J].石油学报,2008,28(2)
[39]冯文光,葛家理.单一介质、双重介质中非定常非达西低速渗流问题[J].石油勘探与开发,1985,(1):56
[40]邓英尔,闫庆来,马宝歧.界面分子力作用与渗透率的关系及其对渗流的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(2):46-49.
[41]吕成远,王建,孙志刚.低渗透砂岩油藏渗流启动压力梯度实验研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):86
[42]张英芝,杨铁军,王文昌等.特低渗透油藏开发技术研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004
[43]高文君,刘瑛.产量递减规律与水驱特征曲线的关系[J].断块油气 田,2002,9 (3): 45-49.
[44] Bredehoeft J D, et al. The hydrodynamics of the big horn basin :a study of the role of faults.AAPGBulletin,1992,76(4):530-546.
[45]Hunt J M. Generation and migration of petroleum from abnormally pressured fluid compartments,AAPGBulletin,1990,74(1):1-12.
[46]John M Hunt. Generation and Migration of Petroleum from Abnormally Pressured Fluid,AAPG,74(1):1-12.
[47] Catalan Letal. An experiment study of secondary oil migration. AAPG Bulletin,1992,76(5):638-650.
[48] Chapman R E.Effects of oil and gas accumulation on water movement.AAPG Bulletin,1982,66(3):189-190.
[49] England W A. The movement and entrapment of petroleum fluids in the subsurface.Jour.Of the Geol. Soci., London,1987,144:327-347.
[50]Hooper ECD.Fluid migration along growth faults in compacting Sediments. Jour.of Petro.Geol,1991,4(2):161-180.
[51]Hubbert M K. Entrapment of petroleum under hydrodynamic conditions.AAPG Bulletin, 1953,37(8): 1954-2026.