机械结构对称破缺的概念、作用及其应用
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摘要
对称破缺是产品结构及其演化过程中的一个普遍现象,但目前国内外对此尚鲜有关注。作者收集了600余个机械结构对称破缺实例,采用统一标准逐个分析了对称破缺在实例中的存在方式和所起的作用。在此基础上,借助知识挖掘手段,展开机械结构对称破缺概念、作用及其应用的研究,主要研究内容和成果体现在以下四个方面：
1、机械结构对称破缺概念和分类体系的建立。通过对结构对称破缺实例的分析归纳并借鉴课题组结构对称的研究成果,提出了机械结构对称破缺的定义,建立了包括结构静态对称破缺、结构动态对称破缺和结构选择对称破缺等类型的分类体系。
2、结构对称破缺关联知识挖掘与分析。在构建机械结构对称破缺实例库和设计需求库后,利用关联知识挖掘算法对设计需求和结构对称破缺之间的关联关系进行了挖掘,并重点分析了其中支持度较高的几类关联知识,归纳了机械结构对称破缺在满足功能需求、性能需求和约束需求等方面的作用。
3、不对称匹配原理及其应用方法研究。在关联知识的启发下,结合对大量产品改进设计实例的人工分析,提出了不对称匹配原理及其四种分类,归纳了不对称匹配原理的应用方法和流程,从对称破缺的角度对产品的创新和改进设计作了有益探索。
4、机械结构对称破缺知识应用平台(KAPMSS)的开发。在上述理论研究的基础上,研制了集成实例管理、知识挖掘、知识管理、知识应用四大模块的机械结构对称破缺知识应用平台,将知识获取与知识应用有机结合在一起,并通过小型风力发电机的改进实例初步检验了平台的实用性。
Symmetry-breaking is a common phenomenon in product structure and its evolution process, but the exiting research has not paid enough attention to it both at home and abroad. Over 600 instances of mechanical structure symmetry-breaking were collected, and the forms of existence and their effects were analyzed under a uniform standard. On these bases, research on concept, function and application of mechanical structure symmetry-breaking is carried out. The main research contents and results are focused on the following four aspects:
1. Establishment of concept and classification system of mechanical structure symmetry-breaking. After the analysis of structure symmetry-breaking instances, also with reference to the research achievements of structure symmetry, the concept of mechanical structure symmetry-breaking was proposed, and the classification system including structure static symmetry-breaking, structure dynamic symmetry-breaking and structure selective symmetry-breaking was built.
2. Association knowledge mining and analysis of structure symmetry-breaking instances. After establishing the instance database and design requirements database, the association rules between all kinds of structure symmetry-breaking and design requirements were mined using association analysis algorithm. Then the effects of structure symmetry-breaking including meeting functional requirements, performance requirements, and other design constraints were concluded.
3. Research on asymmetry matching principle and its application method. Based on the inspiration from associating knowledge and manual analysis of products improvement instances, the asymmetry matching principle along with its four different types were proposed. And the application method of asymmetry matching principle was also summed up.
4. Development of Knowledge Application Platform of Mechanical Symmetry-Breaking (KAPMSS). Based on the above theoretical study, a knowledge application platform integrating functions of instances management, knowledge mining, knowledge management and application was founded. Furthermore, an improved design of a small-scale wind generator was taken as an example to verify the utility of the platform preliminarily.
1、机械结构对称破缺概念和分类体系的建立。通过对结构对称破缺实例的分析归纳并借鉴课题组结构对称的研究成果,提出了机械结构对称破缺的定义,建立了包括结构静态对称破缺、结构动态对称破缺和结构选择对称破缺等类型的分类体系。
2、结构对称破缺关联知识挖掘与分析。在构建机械结构对称破缺实例库和设计需求库后,利用关联知识挖掘算法对设计需求和结构对称破缺之间的关联关系进行了挖掘,并重点分析了其中支持度较高的几类关联知识,归纳了机械结构对称破缺在满足功能需求、性能需求和约束需求等方面的作用。
3、不对称匹配原理及其应用方法研究。在关联知识的启发下,结合对大量产品改进设计实例的人工分析,提出了不对称匹配原理及其四种分类,归纳了不对称匹配原理的应用方法和流程,从对称破缺的角度对产品的创新和改进设计作了有益探索。
4、机械结构对称破缺知识应用平台(KAPMSS)的开发。在上述理论研究的基础上,研制了集成实例管理、知识挖掘、知识管理、知识应用四大模块的机械结构对称破缺知识应用平台,将知识获取与知识应用有机结合在一起,并通过小型风力发电机的改进实例初步检验了平台的实用性。
Symmetry-breaking is a common phenomenon in product structure and its evolution process, but the exiting research has not paid enough attention to it both at home and abroad. Over 600 instances of mechanical structure symmetry-breaking were collected, and the forms of existence and their effects were analyzed under a uniform standard. On these bases, research on concept, function and application of mechanical structure symmetry-breaking is carried out. The main research contents and results are focused on the following four aspects:
1. Establishment of concept and classification system of mechanical structure symmetry-breaking. After the analysis of structure symmetry-breaking instances, also with reference to the research achievements of structure symmetry, the concept of mechanical structure symmetry-breaking was proposed, and the classification system including structure static symmetry-breaking, structure dynamic symmetry-breaking and structure selective symmetry-breaking was built.
2. Association knowledge mining and analysis of structure symmetry-breaking instances. After establishing the instance database and design requirements database, the association rules between all kinds of structure symmetry-breaking and design requirements were mined using association analysis algorithm. Then the effects of structure symmetry-breaking including meeting functional requirements, performance requirements, and other design constraints were concluded.
3. Research on asymmetry matching principle and its application method. Based on the inspiration from associating knowledge and manual analysis of products improvement instances, the asymmetry matching principle along with its four different types were proposed. And the application method of asymmetry matching principle was also summed up.
4. Development of Knowledge Application Platform of Mechanical Symmetry-Breaking (KAPMSS). Based on the above theoretical study, a knowledge application platform integrating functions of instances management, knowledge mining, knowledge management and application was founded. Furthermore, an improved design of a small-scale wind generator was taken as an example to verify the utility of the platform preliminarily.
引文
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