机车车辆齿轮参数化CAD系统研究
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摘要
随着铁路第六次大提速的快速推进,铁路部门对运行车辆的性能有了更高的要求,尤其是动车走行部的齿轮传动系统。不仅需要它满足高速精确的传动,而且还需对其设计效率进行提升。由于机车车辆运行条件的差异、制造维修方法的制约以及经济效益等因素的影响,客户对齿轮的性能、结构、参数以及采用的材料工艺有不同的要求。这些齿轮可以通过同一组参数进行控制,易于实现参数化。因此,伴随CAD技术的发展,将参数化技术融入机车车辆齿轮设计已成为齿轮传动系统开发的一个重要组成部分。
本研究基于SQL数据库技术、模块化技术、参数化技术以及高级配合技术,在VisualC++编程环境和SolidWorks软件平台上利用COM组件技术开发出机车车辆圆柱形齿轮参数化CAD系统。该系统不仅能提高齿轮的设计质量和设计效率,而且可以为后续结构设计、强度及动力学分析提供所需的参数和几何实体模型。本文主要研究的内容如下：
(1)基于Visual C++开发齿轮辅助设计系统,根据齿轮的工作条件和传递载荷的要求,进行齿轮参数的初始设计。根据《圆柱齿轮承载能力计算方法》,对初始参数下齿轮齿面接触强度和齿根弯曲强度进行校核计算,可快速确定满足工作条件的齿轮参数；
(2)基于Visual C++和SolidWorks,利用参数驱动法对齿轮进行参数化绘图,并使用程序法对齿轮辐板进行参数化设计,可快速绘制带有辐板的齿轮三维模型；
(3)根据《过盈配合计算与设计规则》,基于Visual C++开发齿轮和齿轮轴过盈配合的过盈量计算软件,可快速计算不同条件齿轮传递载荷所需的过盈量；
(4)基于SQL数据库原理,利用Microsoft Access对设计所需要的数据和已设计的模型参数进行管理,便于系统之间数据的共享；
(5)基于Visual C++和SolidWorks对齿轮传动系统进行装配设计,开发的系统可实现齿轮的快速准确装配；
(6)基于ANSYS/LS_DYNA软件对齿轮传动过程中的齿面接触应力和齿根弯曲应力进行分析,得到齿轮的应力分布。
本系统可以输出Parasolid格式文件,可为齿轮动应力分析以及其他分析提供模型。系统很大程度缩短了机车车辆牵引齿轮的设计周期,提高了产品的设计分析效率,具有一定的工程实用价值。
With the rapid advance of the sixth large-scale speed-up of the railway, the railway department has higher requirements for the performance of the railway vehicles, especially the gear transmission system of the bogies for motor cars. Not only need it to meet the high-speed and precise transmission, but also need higher design efficiency to it. As the difference of operation conditions, restrict of manufacture and maintain, economic benefit and other specific factors, customers have different requirements on gear performance, structure, parameters and the process of materials. These gears can be drawn by the same set of parameters, easy to implement parametric. Therefore, with the development of the CAD technology, putting parametric technology into the design of the gears for vehicles has become an important part of the gear transmission system development.
This study bases on database technology, modular technology, parametric technology and advanced assembly technology. Using COM component technology, parametric CAD system of vehicle cylindrical gears are developed in Visual C++programming and SolidWorks platform. It can not only improve the design quality and efficiency of the gears, but also can provide the necessary parameters and geometric solid model for the following structure design, strength and dynamic analysis. The content of this study is as follows:
(1) Based on Visual C++, the gear-aided design system is developed. According to the working conditions and requirements of the load to transfer of gears, gear parameters are designed. Checking on the calculation of the tooth flanks contact strength and the tooth bending strength by "Calculation Method of Load-Carrying Ability to Cylindrical Gears". This can quickly identify the gear parameters which meet the working conditions.
(2) Based on Visual C++and SolidWorks, the gears are drawn in parameter-driven method, and the spoke plates of the gears are drawn in procedural-driven method. This can quickly draw the gears with spoke plates.
(3) According to "the Calculation and Design Rules to Interference Fit" and Visual C++, Computing software of interference fits to gear and gear shaft is developed. This can quickly compute the amount of interference of gears in different load conditions.
(4) Based on SQL database theory, data needed for designing and designed data of the model parameters are managed by Microsoft Access. This can facilitate the sharing of the data.
(5) Based on Visual C++and SolidWorks, gear transmission assembled system is developed. This system can realize fast and accurate assembly of the gears.
(6) Based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA, dynamic stress of gear is analyzed. This can get the stress distribution of gear.
The Models can be exported in Parasolid format by this system. They can be provided to gear dynamic stress analysis and other following analysis. This system has significantly reduced gear design cycle and improved the efficiency of product design. It has a certain value of engineering practicability.
本研究基于SQL数据库技术、模块化技术、参数化技术以及高级配合技术,在VisualC++编程环境和SolidWorks软件平台上利用COM组件技术开发出机车车辆圆柱形齿轮参数化CAD系统。该系统不仅能提高齿轮的设计质量和设计效率,而且可以为后续结构设计、强度及动力学分析提供所需的参数和几何实体模型。本文主要研究的内容如下：
(1)基于Visual C++开发齿轮辅助设计系统,根据齿轮的工作条件和传递载荷的要求,进行齿轮参数的初始设计。根据《圆柱齿轮承载能力计算方法》,对初始参数下齿轮齿面接触强度和齿根弯曲强度进行校核计算,可快速确定满足工作条件的齿轮参数；
(2)基于Visual C++和SolidWorks,利用参数驱动法对齿轮进行参数化绘图,并使用程序法对齿轮辐板进行参数化设计,可快速绘制带有辐板的齿轮三维模型；
(3)根据《过盈配合计算与设计规则》,基于Visual C++开发齿轮和齿轮轴过盈配合的过盈量计算软件,可快速计算不同条件齿轮传递载荷所需的过盈量；
(4)基于SQL数据库原理,利用Microsoft Access对设计所需要的数据和已设计的模型参数进行管理,便于系统之间数据的共享；
(5)基于Visual C++和SolidWorks对齿轮传动系统进行装配设计,开发的系统可实现齿轮的快速准确装配；
(6)基于ANSYS/LS_DYNA软件对齿轮传动过程中的齿面接触应力和齿根弯曲应力进行分析,得到齿轮的应力分布。
本系统可以输出Parasolid格式文件,可为齿轮动应力分析以及其他分析提供模型。系统很大程度缩短了机车车辆牵引齿轮的设计周期,提高了产品的设计分析效率,具有一定的工程实用价值。
With the rapid advance of the sixth large-scale speed-up of the railway, the railway department has higher requirements for the performance of the railway vehicles, especially the gear transmission system of the bogies for motor cars. Not only need it to meet the high-speed and precise transmission, but also need higher design efficiency to it. As the difference of operation conditions, restrict of manufacture and maintain, economic benefit and other specific factors, customers have different requirements on gear performance, structure, parameters and the process of materials. These gears can be drawn by the same set of parameters, easy to implement parametric. Therefore, with the development of the CAD technology, putting parametric technology into the design of the gears for vehicles has become an important part of the gear transmission system development.
This study bases on database technology, modular technology, parametric technology and advanced assembly technology. Using COM component technology, parametric CAD system of vehicle cylindrical gears are developed in Visual C++programming and SolidWorks platform. It can not only improve the design quality and efficiency of the gears, but also can provide the necessary parameters and geometric solid model for the following structure design, strength and dynamic analysis. The content of this study is as follows:
(1) Based on Visual C++, the gear-aided design system is developed. According to the working conditions and requirements of the load to transfer of gears, gear parameters are designed. Checking on the calculation of the tooth flanks contact strength and the tooth bending strength by "Calculation Method of Load-Carrying Ability to Cylindrical Gears". This can quickly identify the gear parameters which meet the working conditions.
(2) Based on Visual C++and SolidWorks, the gears are drawn in parameter-driven method, and the spoke plates of the gears are drawn in procedural-driven method. This can quickly draw the gears with spoke plates.
(3) According to "the Calculation and Design Rules to Interference Fit" and Visual C++, Computing software of interference fits to gear and gear shaft is developed. This can quickly compute the amount of interference of gears in different load conditions.
(4) Based on SQL database theory, data needed for designing and designed data of the model parameters are managed by Microsoft Access. This can facilitate the sharing of the data.
(5) Based on Visual C++and SolidWorks, gear transmission assembled system is developed. This system can realize fast and accurate assembly of the gears.
(6) Based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA, dynamic stress of gear is analyzed. This can get the stress distribution of gear.
The Models can be exported in Parasolid format by this system. They can be provided to gear dynamic stress analysis and other following analysis. This system has significantly reduced gear design cycle and improved the efficiency of product design. It has a certain value of engineering practicability.
引文
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