16万吨/年MTBE装置催化精馏塔的建模与控制仿真
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摘要
近年来催化精馏技术运用于MTBE(甲基叔丁基醚)的工业生产受到日益广泛的关注。因为其所带来的巨大经济效益使更多的研究者对催化精馏技术进行研究,大大推进了其发展。本文结合工程装置主要研究MTBE催化精馏塔的建模与控制仿真这一热点问题。
首先,基于拟均相假设建立了催化精馏过程机理模型,解耦反应和分离过程,从而推导出催化精馏过程的非平衡级动态模型,通过引入已推广的分离效率函数,对模型变量进行合理划分,使模型求解效率显著提高;把控制系统方程加入到动态模型中,为研究催化精馏过程控制系统建立了有效工具。
通过模型计算分析了MTBE(甲基叔丁基醚)合成催化精馏过程的动态特性,发现了其过程严重的非线性和多时间尺度特性;设计并且比较了直接和间接物料平衡两种间接质量控制方案。结果表明,直接物料平衡控制方案可以满足MTBE催化精馏过程的产品质量指标,且控制品质良好。
In recent years, catalytic distillation technology into MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) in industrial production has brought great economic benefits, which has been increasingly widespread concern, a large number of research results to promote the catalytic distillation technology.In this paper, engineering plant of the hot issues - MTBE Catalytic Distillation Process Simulation and Optimization Modeling and control of relevant technologies were studied.
Based on pseudo-homogeneous assumption, established mechanism of the catalytic distillation process model,the reaction and separation process of decoupling, catalytic distillation process to derive the non-equilibrium stage dynamic model has been extended through the introduction of the separation efficiency function, the model variablesrational division, significantly increasing the efficiency of the model solution; the equation of dynamic model and control system combining the establishment of the catalytic distillation process control system of the auxiliary tool.
Through the model calculation and analysis of the MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) synthesis of the dynamic characteristics of catalytic distillation process and found the process of serious non-linear and multi-time scale characteristics; designed and compared the two kinds of direct and indirect material balance indirectlyquality control program.The results showed that direct quality control program was able to take into product quality indicators.
首先,基于拟均相假设建立了催化精馏过程机理模型,解耦反应和分离过程,从而推导出催化精馏过程的非平衡级动态模型,通过引入已推广的分离效率函数,对模型变量进行合理划分,使模型求解效率显著提高;把控制系统方程加入到动态模型中,为研究催化精馏过程控制系统建立了有效工具。
通过模型计算分析了MTBE(甲基叔丁基醚)合成催化精馏过程的动态特性,发现了其过程严重的非线性和多时间尺度特性;设计并且比较了直接和间接物料平衡两种间接质量控制方案。结果表明,直接物料平衡控制方案可以满足MTBE催化精馏过程的产品质量指标,且控制品质良好。
In recent years, catalytic distillation technology into MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) in industrial production has brought great economic benefits, which has been increasingly widespread concern, a large number of research results to promote the catalytic distillation technology.In this paper, engineering plant of the hot issues - MTBE Catalytic Distillation Process Simulation and Optimization Modeling and control of relevant technologies were studied.
Based on pseudo-homogeneous assumption, established mechanism of the catalytic distillation process model,the reaction and separation process of decoupling, catalytic distillation process to derive the non-equilibrium stage dynamic model has been extended through the introduction of the separation efficiency function, the model variablesrational division, significantly increasing the efficiency of the model solution; the equation of dynamic model and control system combining the establishment of the catalytic distillation process control system of the auxiliary tool.
Through the model calculation and analysis of the MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) synthesis of the dynamic characteristics of catalytic distillation process and found the process of serious non-linear and multi-time scale characteristics; designed and compared the two kinds of direct and indirect material balance indirectlyquality control program.The results showed that direct quality control program was able to take into product quality indicators.
引文
[1]Abufares A A,Douglas P L.Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of an MTBE Catalystic Distillation Process Using SPEEDUP and ASPEN PLUS.Trans IChem.1995,73:3~11.
[2]Al-Arfaj M A,Luyben W L.Design and Control of an Olefin Metathesis Reactive Distillation Column.Chemical Engineering Science,2002b,57(5):715~733.
[3]Balasubramhanya L S,Doyle III F J.Nonlinear Model-based Control of A BatchReactive Distillation Column.Journal of Process Control,2000,10(2-3):209~218.
[4]Baur R,Higler A.Taylor R et al,Comparison of Equilibrium Stage and Nonequilibrium Stage Models for Reactive Distillation.Chemical Engineering Journal,2000b,76(1):33~47.
[5]Baur R.Modeling Reactive Distillation Dynamics.Ph.D.thesis.Clarkson university,2000a.
[6]Buzad G,Doherty M F.Design of Three Component Kinetically Controlled Reactive Distillation Columns Using Fixed Point Methods,Chem.Eng.Sci.1994, 49(12):1947~1963.
[7]Eldarsi H S.MTBE catalytic distillation column,Part I:Multiple Steady States,TransIChemE,1998,76:509~516.
[8]Espinosa J,Martinez E,Perez G.Dynamic Behavior of Reactive Distillation Columns.Equilibrium Systems,Chemical Engineering Communications,1994,128:19~42.
[9]Hauan S,Hertzberg T,Lien,K M.Why Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether Production by ReactiveDistillation May Yield Multiple Solutions.Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,1995,34(3):987~991.
[10]Hauan S,Hertzberg T,Lien K M.Multiplicity in Reactive Distillation of MTBE. Comput.Chem.Eng.1997a,21(10):1117~1124.
[11]Higler A P,Taylor R,Krishna R.Nonequilibrium Modelling of Reactive Distillation:Multiple Steady States in MTBE Synthesis.Chemical Engineering Science,1999a,54(10):1389~1395.
[12]Jacobs R,Krishna R.Multiple Solutions in Reactive Distillation for Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether Synthesis.Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research, 1993, 32(8): 1706 ~1709.
[13]Sneesby M G,Tade M O,Smith T N.Multiplicity and Pseudo-Multiplicity in MTBE AND ETBE Reactive Distillation,Trans IChemE,1998c,76:525~531.
[14]陈宝林.最优化理论与算法.北京:清华大学出版社,1989.
[15]陈甘棠,化学反应工程.北京,化学工业出版社,1990.
[16]方和良等,汽液两相反应精馏过程的反应-扩散模型与模拟计算,(I)反应扩散模型.化学反应工程与工艺,1991,7(3):247~253.
[17]方志平.催化精馏技术在石油化工中的应用.石油化工,2004,33(2):170~176.
[18]盖旭东.催化精馏塔通用数学模型及其求解方法,化工学报1998a,49(5):543~548.
[19]盖旭东,金涌,汪展文.新型催化精馏塔流体力学特性研究.化学工程,1999, 27(1):6~9.
[20]梁旻.多稳态理论研究及非平衡级精馏模型在工业装置上的应用,[清华大学博士论文].北京,清华大学自动化系,2000.
[21]刘劲松,白鹏,朱思强,杨志才.反应精馏过程的研究进展.化学工业与工程, 2002,1:101-106.
[22]刘士荣,俞金寿.过程控制的若干问题研讨.石油化工自动化.1999,(1):5~9.
[23]张猛,徐用懋.反应精馏相关技术研究进展(I)——过程模拟技术.化工自动化及仪表,2004a,31(1):6~10
[24]张猛,徐用懋.反应精馏相关技术研究进展(II)——过程优化与控制技术.化工自动化及仪表,2004b,31(2):5~9
[25]傅吉全,特殊体系的相平衡和精馏模拟计算.北京,中国石化出版社,2002.
[26]蔡宣三,刘前.低维工程优化问题的一种有效算法.清华大学学报.1986,6
[27]李海青,黄志尧,等.软测量技术原理及应用.北京,化学工业出版社,2000
[28]金以慧.过程控制.北京,清华大学出版社,1993
[29]沈静珠,陈丙珍.过程系统优化.北京,清华大学出版社,1994
[30]马敬环,等.反应精馏技术的进展.化学反应工程与工艺,2003,19(1):1~8.
[31]张可村.工程优化的算法与分析.陕西,西安交通大学出版社,1988
[32]刘兴高.内部热耦合精馏塔的建模与优化,[浙江大学博士论文].杭州,浙江大学化学工程系,1999.
[33]秦永胜.多元精馏过程非平衡级模型与优化控制的研究:[清华大学博士论文].北京,清华大学自动化系,1996.
[34]刘雪暖,李玉秋.反应精馏技术的研究现状及其应用.化学工业与工程2000,17(3):164~168.
[35]吴燕翔.非平衡级速率模型用于催化精馏过程的模拟计算.化工冶金,1999, 20(4):348~354.
[36]王运东.骆广生,刘谦,传递过程原理.北京,清华大学出版社,2002
[2]Al-Arfaj M A,Luyben W L.Design and Control of an Olefin Metathesis Reactive Distillation Column.Chemical Engineering Science,2002b,57(5):715~733.
[3]Balasubramhanya L S,Doyle III F J.Nonlinear Model-based Control of A BatchReactive Distillation Column.Journal of Process Control,2000,10(2-3):209~218.
[4]Baur R,Higler A.Taylor R et al,Comparison of Equilibrium Stage and Nonequilibrium Stage Models for Reactive Distillation.Chemical Engineering Journal,2000b,76(1):33~47.
[5]Baur R.Modeling Reactive Distillation Dynamics.Ph.D.thesis.Clarkson university,2000a.
[6]Buzad G,Doherty M F.Design of Three Component Kinetically Controlled Reactive Distillation Columns Using Fixed Point Methods,Chem.Eng.Sci.1994, 49(12):1947~1963.
[7]Eldarsi H S.MTBE catalytic distillation column,Part I:Multiple Steady States,TransIChemE,1998,76:509~516.
[8]Espinosa J,Martinez E,Perez G.Dynamic Behavior of Reactive Distillation Columns.Equilibrium Systems,Chemical Engineering Communications,1994,128:19~42.
[9]Hauan S,Hertzberg T,Lien,K M.Why Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether Production by ReactiveDistillation May Yield Multiple Solutions.Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research,1995,34(3):987~991.
[10]Hauan S,Hertzberg T,Lien K M.Multiplicity in Reactive Distillation of MTBE. Comput.Chem.Eng.1997a,21(10):1117~1124.
[11]Higler A P,Taylor R,Krishna R.Nonequilibrium Modelling of Reactive Distillation:Multiple Steady States in MTBE Synthesis.Chemical Engineering Science,1999a,54(10):1389~1395.
[12]Jacobs R,Krishna R.Multiple Solutions in Reactive Distillation for Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether Synthesis.Industrial&Engineering Chemistry Research, 1993, 32(8): 1706 ~1709.
[13]Sneesby M G,Tade M O,Smith T N.Multiplicity and Pseudo-Multiplicity in MTBE AND ETBE Reactive Distillation,Trans IChemE,1998c,76:525~531.
[14]陈宝林.最优化理论与算法.北京:清华大学出版社,1989.
[15]陈甘棠,化学反应工程.北京,化学工业出版社,1990.
[16]方和良等,汽液两相反应精馏过程的反应-扩散模型与模拟计算,(I)反应扩散模型.化学反应工程与工艺,1991,7(3):247~253.
[17]方志平.催化精馏技术在石油化工中的应用.石油化工,2004,33(2):170~176.
[18]盖旭东.催化精馏塔通用数学模型及其求解方法,化工学报1998a,49(5):543~548.
[19]盖旭东,金涌,汪展文.新型催化精馏塔流体力学特性研究.化学工程,1999, 27(1):6~9.
[20]梁旻.多稳态理论研究及非平衡级精馏模型在工业装置上的应用,[清华大学博士论文].北京,清华大学自动化系,2000.
[21]刘劲松,白鹏,朱思强,杨志才.反应精馏过程的研究进展.化学工业与工程, 2002,1:101-106.
[22]刘士荣,俞金寿.过程控制的若干问题研讨.石油化工自动化.1999,(1):5~9.
[23]张猛,徐用懋.反应精馏相关技术研究进展(I)——过程模拟技术.化工自动化及仪表,2004a,31(1):6~10
[24]张猛,徐用懋.反应精馏相关技术研究进展(II)——过程优化与控制技术.化工自动化及仪表,2004b,31(2):5~9
[25]傅吉全,特殊体系的相平衡和精馏模拟计算.北京,中国石化出版社,2002.
[26]蔡宣三,刘前.低维工程优化问题的一种有效算法.清华大学学报.1986,6
[27]李海青,黄志尧,等.软测量技术原理及应用.北京,化学工业出版社,2000
[28]金以慧.过程控制.北京,清华大学出版社,1993
[29]沈静珠,陈丙珍.过程系统优化.北京,清华大学出版社,1994
[30]马敬环,等.反应精馏技术的进展.化学反应工程与工艺,2003,19(1):1~8.
[31]张可村.工程优化的算法与分析.陕西,西安交通大学出版社,1988
[32]刘兴高.内部热耦合精馏塔的建模与优化,[浙江大学博士论文].杭州,浙江大学化学工程系,1999.
[33]秦永胜.多元精馏过程非平衡级模型与优化控制的研究:[清华大学博士论文].北京,清华大学自动化系,1996.
[34]刘雪暖,李玉秋.反应精馏技术的研究现状及其应用.化学工业与工程2000,17(3):164~168.
[35]吴燕翔.非平衡级速率模型用于催化精馏过程的模拟计算.化工冶金,1999, 20(4):348~354.
[36]王运东.骆广生,刘谦,传递过程原理.北京,清华大学出版社,2002