SOA与柔性信息系统的设计与研究
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摘要
传统的企业信息系统开发流程中,应用开发一直采用先开发、后集成的模式。许多企业在信息化建设中产生了大量为满足产品或业务需要的系统,但其间却往往缺少关联和通讯,导致这些系统成为了一个个“孤岛”,集成成本高昂,系统缺乏柔性。SOA(Service-Oriented Architecture,面向服务的架构)是新近发展起来的设计思想和架构,以服务或组件形式出现的业务逻辑可以被共享、重用和配置,主要应用是针对遗留系统的集成问题。
本文首先研究了信息系统的柔性化的相关技术,理解现阶段信息系统柔性化的设计方法,并特别研究了软系统方法论。
在此基础上集中介绍以“服务”为中心的面向服务的架构的实现技术,主要包括XML,SOAP,UDDI,WSDL和ESB。
然后结合软系统方法论和面向服务架构各自的特点,提出一种新的信息系统分析设计方法——柔性面向服务方法,并对该方法的每个阶段的具体任务进行了说明。通过该方法的应用,既能在系统分析阶段考虑系统环境的变化,提高信息系统的向前柔性;又能在系统开发完成之后,企业内外环境发生变化的情况下,进行服务的重组,从而增强信息系统的向后柔性。
最后结合某银行由于新业务(个人住房循环授信贷款)的增加,系统需要扩展为实例项目,根据其具体业务需求以及该银行的信息系统现状,应用柔性面向服务方法进行分析与设计,最后论证其在信息系统柔性化方面的显著特性,给出分析和展望。
In the traditional enterprise IS development process, application development has been adopted the model of integration after development. Many enterprises in the development of the IS produce a large number of products to meet the needs of the system, which are often interrelated and lack of communication, resulting an "isolated island", lacking flexibility, and high cost of integration. SOA is a newly developed design concepts. Due to the form of services of the business can be shared, reuse and configuration, the main application is for the integration of legacy systems.
This paper studies a flexible information system related technologies, flexible understanding of information systems at this stage of the design method and, in particular, on Soft Systems Methodology.
On the basis of above, this paper focus on the related technology, which is oriented by "service" as the center of the SOA, including XML, SOAP, UDDI, WSDL, and ESB.
Combined with software system methodology and service-oriented architecture, a new information system analysis method is offered, which is of the characteristic of flexible service-oriented approach, and with detailed explain for each stage of the specific tasks. Through the application of this method, the changes in the environment can be considered by designer in the analysis phase of systems, which can effectively improve information systems forward Flexible; after the system development, the reorganization of services can be achieved while changes in the enterprise environment arises, in turn, which also enhances the backward Flexible of the information systems.
Finally an instance is showed with a bank of new business. According to their specific business needs, as well as the bank's information systems and applied flexible service-oriented analysis and design methods, a new system is expanded as an example. Finally the notable features of the flexibility of the new approach in the information systems area is demonstrate, combined with analysis and prospects are given.
本文首先研究了信息系统的柔性化的相关技术,理解现阶段信息系统柔性化的设计方法,并特别研究了软系统方法论。
在此基础上集中介绍以“服务”为中心的面向服务的架构的实现技术,主要包括XML,SOAP,UDDI,WSDL和ESB。
然后结合软系统方法论和面向服务架构各自的特点,提出一种新的信息系统分析设计方法——柔性面向服务方法,并对该方法的每个阶段的具体任务进行了说明。通过该方法的应用,既能在系统分析阶段考虑系统环境的变化,提高信息系统的向前柔性;又能在系统开发完成之后,企业内外环境发生变化的情况下,进行服务的重组,从而增强信息系统的向后柔性。
最后结合某银行由于新业务(个人住房循环授信贷款)的增加,系统需要扩展为实例项目,根据其具体业务需求以及该银行的信息系统现状,应用柔性面向服务方法进行分析与设计,最后论证其在信息系统柔性化方面的显著特性,给出分析和展望。
In the traditional enterprise IS development process, application development has been adopted the model of integration after development. Many enterprises in the development of the IS produce a large number of products to meet the needs of the system, which are often interrelated and lack of communication, resulting an "isolated island", lacking flexibility, and high cost of integration. SOA is a newly developed design concepts. Due to the form of services of the business can be shared, reuse and configuration, the main application is for the integration of legacy systems.
This paper studies a flexible information system related technologies, flexible understanding of information systems at this stage of the design method and, in particular, on Soft Systems Methodology.
On the basis of above, this paper focus on the related technology, which is oriented by "service" as the center of the SOA, including XML, SOAP, UDDI, WSDL, and ESB.
Combined with software system methodology and service-oriented architecture, a new information system analysis method is offered, which is of the characteristic of flexible service-oriented approach, and with detailed explain for each stage of the specific tasks. Through the application of this method, the changes in the environment can be considered by designer in the analysis phase of systems, which can effectively improve information systems forward Flexible; after the system development, the reorganization of services can be achieved while changes in the enterprise environment arises, in turn, which also enhances the backward Flexible of the information systems.
Finally an instance is showed with a bank of new business. According to their specific business needs, as well as the bank's information systems and applied flexible service-oriented analysis and design methods, a new system is expanded as an example. Finally the notable features of the flexibility of the new approach in the information systems area is demonstrate, combined with analysis and prospects are given.
引文
[1]龚代华.企业柔性研究中存在的若干问题[J].管理工程学报,1999.1:21-23.
[2]李静,黄国青.关于提高管理信息系统柔性的思考[J].科技管理,2004.3:13-14.
[3]蔡卫东,刘刚,藤皓.基于CORBA的柔性信息系统技术研究[J].山东电子,2003年第三期,10-11.
[4]韦银星,张申生等.企业应用集成技术研究[J].计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2002,8(8):593-596.
[5]刘曙光,陈荣秋,鞠静.柔性的比较定义和性质[J].华中理工大学学报,1997,10(25):112-115.
[6]杨昌锋,王冠,司建辉等.基于SOA构建新一代的企业应用集成[J].计算机应用与软件.2005年10月,Vol.22,No.10:122-124.
[7]中国科学院软件研究所软件工程技术中心,面向服务的计算和应用集成,www.ios.ac.cn,2003.
[8]吴晨辉.企业信息系统柔性研究:(博士学位论文).上海:同济大学,2000.
[9]龚代华,陈荣秋,朱静平.企业柔性的概念与度量[J].华中理工大学学报,1998,26(12):107-109.
[10]孙海.信息系统柔性构造的理论与方法研究:(博士学位论文).上海:同济大学,2001.
[11]聂规划,方澜.企业柔性及其度量研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2002,24(3):78-80.
[12]吴晨辉,刘仲英.企业信息系统柔性的定义和分类研究[J].工业工程与管理,2000,(11):101-103.
[13]庞庆华.论企业柔性MIS的影响因素及其建设[J],商业经济,2004,(1):72-75.
[14]朱连江,杜韬,孙会涛,宋时言.分布式技术在柔性信息系统中的应用[J].济南大学学报(自然科学报),2004,18(1),55-57.
[15]阮观润,卢正鼎.基于C/S模式的MIS柔性化研究[J].微计算机应用,2004,25(3),170-172,176.
[16]方旭升.基于数据库的柔性MIS系统初探[J].南京航空航天大学学报,1993,25(4):526-532.
[17]张志军.基于软系统方法论的MIS开发方法[J].微机发展,1996(3):23-25.
[18]付玢.管理信息系统的柔性化研究:(硕士学位论文),浙江大学,2005.
[19]申德荣,于戈等.应用于Web服务合成的一种有效的Web服务发现策略[J].小型微型计算 机系统,2005,.26(10):1803-1806.
[20]马海燕.软件编程的发展阶段及特点[J].青海师专学报,2000(06):56-59.
[21]BEA Inc..SOA--软件架构新超越[J].dev2dev专刊,2004.
[22]Web服务标准,Web Services standard,http://www.w3.org/2002/ws/s
[23]张波.基于XML的分布式软件体系结构研究:(博士学位论文).中国科学院软件研究,2001.
[24]陈祖龙.ESB奠定整合基础[J].软件世界,2005(07):10-11.
[25]朱志强.管理信息系统:原理、开发及应用/复旦卓越·21世纪管理学系列.上海:复旦大学出版社,2007.2.
[26]薛华成.管理信息系统(第二版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1993.
[27]朱三元等.软件工程技术概论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[28]张雷.电子商务的柔性化[J].中国信息导报,2001(9):44-45.
[29]李静.提高管理信息系统柔性的方法研究:(硕士学位论文).西北工业大学,2004.
[30]IBM,SOMA-面向服务的分析和设计概述:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soad1/
[31]CIO如何应对企业多技术需求:http://www.topoint.com.cn/html/article/2007/12/201154.html
[32]SOA项目的需求过程:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/architecture/ar-soareq/
[33]http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-methodl.html
[34]张俊青.构建基于SOA的企业应用的策略和方法:(硕士学位论文).内蒙古大学,2006.
[35]黄安安.基于SOA的企业应用系统框架研究:(硕士学位论文).西北工业大学,2007.
[36]韩淼,基于J2EE的一种多层Web系统通用框架的设计与应用:(硕士学位论文).大连理工大学,2005.
[37]李锦棠,企业SOA服务集成的研究与设计:(硕士学位论文).广东工业大学计算机应用技术专业,2006.
[38]陈海山,文登敏.面向服务的远程方法调用中间件设计和实现[J].程度信息工程学院学报.2006(02):56-57.
[39]Dain Hansen.理解SOA管理:您的SOA中都有什么?http://webservices.ctocio.com.cn/tips/356/7611356.shtml
[40]理解SOA管理:http://webservices.ctocio.com.cn/tips/356/7611356.shtml
[41]天津市融信投资担保有限公司,个人住房循环授信业务介绍:http://www.rxdanbao.com/decoratebusiness.html
[42]李劲.电子商务的演变:http://www-900.ibm.com,2002.
[43]王晓红.基于SOA的售后服务系统的研究:(硕士学位论文).天津大学计算机科学与技术学院,2006.
[44]http://www.gwyoo.com/Article/xzgaoshou/xzgs/200505/1540.asp
[45]Olaf Zimmermann,Pal Krogdahl,Clive Gee,Elements of Service-Oriented Analysis and Design,URL:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-soadl/
[46]FAN Yushun,SHI Wei,WU cheng,Enterprise wide application integration platform for CIMS implementation[J].Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing,1999,10(6):587-601.
[47]Mandelbaum M,et al.Examples of measurement of flexibility and adaptivity in manufacturing systenm[J].Journal of Operational Reach,1978,40(6):42-47
[48]Gerwin,D.Manufacturing flexibility:a strategic perspective[J].Management Science,1993,39:395-410.
[49]Slack,N.The flexibility of manufacturing systems[J].International Journal of Production and Operations Management,1987,4(7):35-45.
[50]Stowell FA,Holland P,Muller P.et al.Application of SSM in information system design:some reflection[J].Journal of Application Systems Analysis,1990,(17):63-39
[51]Gregory F H.SSM to information system:a Wittgensteinian approach[J].information sys,1993,(3):149-168
[52]Winter M C,Brown D H,Checkland P BA role for soft system methodology in information system development[J].Eur J Inf systs,1995(4),130-143
[53]William Moore,Corville Allen,Rail Bracht,Sook Chua.Managing Information Access to an Enterprise Information System Using J2EE and Services Oriented Architecture[M].U.S.:International Business Machines Corporation,2005.
[54]SOAP Version 1.2 Working Draft.Available at:http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/WD-soap12-20010709/;July 2001.
[55]work principle of UDDI:http://hi.baidu.com/paobusiy/blog/item/f4373e1f5b34c4c9a686691d.html
[56]Christensen E,Curbera F,Meredith G et al.Web services description language(WSDL).http://www.w3.org/tr/wsdl.2001.
[57]Nick Simha,Understanding ESB:http://dev2dev.bea.com/blog/nsimha/archive/2005/09/understanding_e_1.html,September 03,2005
[58]WebSphere Integration Developer tutorial: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/websphere/techjournal/0602_gregory/0602_gregory.html
[59]WSDM/WS-Man Reconciliation-Overview and Guidance:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/specification/ws-wsdmmgmt/
[60]SOA tutorial:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/soa123/implement.html
[61]WebSphere Enterprise Service Bus:http://www-306.ibm.com/software/integration/wsesb/
[2]李静,黄国青.关于提高管理信息系统柔性的思考[J].科技管理,2004.3:13-14.
[3]蔡卫东,刘刚,藤皓.基于CORBA的柔性信息系统技术研究[J].山东电子,2003年第三期,10-11.
[4]韦银星,张申生等.企业应用集成技术研究[J].计算机集成制造系统-CIMS,2002,8(8):593-596.
[5]刘曙光,陈荣秋,鞠静.柔性的比较定义和性质[J].华中理工大学学报,1997,10(25):112-115.
[6]杨昌锋,王冠,司建辉等.基于SOA构建新一代的企业应用集成[J].计算机应用与软件.2005年10月,Vol.22,No.10:122-124.
[7]中国科学院软件研究所软件工程技术中心,面向服务的计算和应用集成,www.ios.ac.cn,2003.
[8]吴晨辉.企业信息系统柔性研究:(博士学位论文).上海:同济大学,2000.
[9]龚代华,陈荣秋,朱静平.企业柔性的概念与度量[J].华中理工大学学报,1998,26(12):107-109.
[10]孙海.信息系统柔性构造的理论与方法研究:(博士学位论文).上海:同济大学,2001.
[11]聂规划,方澜.企业柔性及其度量研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2002,24(3):78-80.
[12]吴晨辉,刘仲英.企业信息系统柔性的定义和分类研究[J].工业工程与管理,2000,(11):101-103.
[13]庞庆华.论企业柔性MIS的影响因素及其建设[J],商业经济,2004,(1):72-75.
[14]朱连江,杜韬,孙会涛,宋时言.分布式技术在柔性信息系统中的应用[J].济南大学学报(自然科学报),2004,18(1),55-57.
[15]阮观润,卢正鼎.基于C/S模式的MIS柔性化研究[J].微计算机应用,2004,25(3),170-172,176.
[16]方旭升.基于数据库的柔性MIS系统初探[J].南京航空航天大学学报,1993,25(4):526-532.
[17]张志军.基于软系统方法论的MIS开发方法[J].微机发展,1996(3):23-25.
[18]付玢.管理信息系统的柔性化研究:(硕士学位论文),浙江大学,2005.
[19]申德荣,于戈等.应用于Web服务合成的一种有效的Web服务发现策略[J].小型微型计算 机系统,2005,.26(10):1803-1806.
[20]马海燕.软件编程的发展阶段及特点[J].青海师专学报,2000(06):56-59.
[21]BEA Inc..SOA--软件架构新超越[J].dev2dev专刊,2004.
[22]Web服务标准,Web Services standard,http://www.w3.org/2002/ws/s
[23]张波.基于XML的分布式软件体系结构研究:(博士学位论文).中国科学院软件研究,2001.
[24]陈祖龙.ESB奠定整合基础[J].软件世界,2005(07):10-11.
[25]朱志强.管理信息系统:原理、开发及应用/复旦卓越·21世纪管理学系列.上海:复旦大学出版社,2007.2.
[26]薛华成.管理信息系统(第二版)[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1993.
[27]朱三元等.软件工程技术概论[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[28]张雷.电子商务的柔性化[J].中国信息导报,2001(9):44-45.
[29]李静.提高管理信息系统柔性的方法研究:(硕士学位论文).西北工业大学,2004.
[30]IBM,SOMA-面向服务的分析和设计概述:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soad1/
[31]CIO如何应对企业多技术需求:http://www.topoint.com.cn/html/article/2007/12/201154.html
[32]SOA项目的需求过程:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/architecture/ar-soareq/
[33]http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-soa-methodl.html
[34]张俊青.构建基于SOA的企业应用的策略和方法:(硕士学位论文).内蒙古大学,2006.
[35]黄安安.基于SOA的企业应用系统框架研究:(硕士学位论文).西北工业大学,2007.
[36]韩淼,基于J2EE的一种多层Web系统通用框架的设计与应用:(硕士学位论文).大连理工大学,2005.
[37]李锦棠,企业SOA服务集成的研究与设计:(硕士学位论文).广东工业大学计算机应用技术专业,2006.
[38]陈海山,文登敏.面向服务的远程方法调用中间件设计和实现[J].程度信息工程学院学报.2006(02):56-57.
[39]Dain Hansen.理解SOA管理:您的SOA中都有什么?http://webservices.ctocio.com.cn/tips/356/7611356.shtml
[40]理解SOA管理:http://webservices.ctocio.com.cn/tips/356/7611356.shtml
[41]天津市融信投资担保有限公司,个人住房循环授信业务介绍:http://www.rxdanbao.com/decoratebusiness.html
[42]李劲.电子商务的演变:http://www-900.ibm.com,2002.
[43]王晓红.基于SOA的售后服务系统的研究:(硕士学位论文).天津大学计算机科学与技术学院,2006.
[44]http://www.gwyoo.com/Article/xzgaoshou/xzgs/200505/1540.asp
[45]Olaf Zimmermann,Pal Krogdahl,Clive Gee,Elements of Service-Oriented Analysis and Design,URL:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/ws-soadl/
[46]FAN Yushun,SHI Wei,WU cheng,Enterprise wide application integration platform for CIMS implementation[J].Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing,1999,10(6):587-601.
[47]Mandelbaum M,et al.Examples of measurement of flexibility and adaptivity in manufacturing systenm[J].Journal of Operational Reach,1978,40(6):42-47
[48]Gerwin,D.Manufacturing flexibility:a strategic perspective[J].Management Science,1993,39:395-410.
[49]Slack,N.The flexibility of manufacturing systems[J].International Journal of Production and Operations Management,1987,4(7):35-45.
[50]Stowell FA,Holland P,Muller P.et al.Application of SSM in information system design:some reflection[J].Journal of Application Systems Analysis,1990,(17):63-39
[51]Gregory F H.SSM to information system:a Wittgensteinian approach[J].information sys,1993,(3):149-168
[52]Winter M C,Brown D H,Checkland P BA role for soft system methodology in information system development[J].Eur J Inf systs,1995(4),130-143
[53]William Moore,Corville Allen,Rail Bracht,Sook Chua.Managing Information Access to an Enterprise Information System Using J2EE and Services Oriented Architecture[M].U.S.:International Business Machines Corporation,2005.
[54]SOAP Version 1.2 Working Draft.Available at:http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/WD-soap12-20010709/;July 2001.
[55]work principle of UDDI:http://hi.baidu.com/paobusiy/blog/item/f4373e1f5b34c4c9a686691d.html
[56]Christensen E,Curbera F,Meredith G et al.Web services description language(WSDL).http://www.w3.org/tr/wsdl.2001.
[57]Nick Simha,Understanding ESB:http://dev2dev.bea.com/blog/nsimha/archive/2005/09/understanding_e_1.html,September 03,2005
[58]WebSphere Integration Developer tutorial: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/websphere/techjournal/0602_gregory/0602_gregory.html
[59]WSDM/WS-Man Reconciliation-Overview and Guidance:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/specification/ws-wsdmmgmt/
[60]SOA tutorial:http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/soa123/implement.html
[61]WebSphere Enterprise Service Bus:http://www-306.ibm.com/software/integration/wsesb/