云南省昭通炎山铅锌矿矿区遥感信息融合与成矿预测
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摘要
随着国民经常的快速发展,对矿物原料的需求日益增大,同时因近地表矿产资源与已开采矿山资源的日趋枯竭,造成找矿难度的加大。为满足经济发展的需求,新理论、新技术被应用于地质矿产勘查中,形成丰富了成矿理论,并获得了较好的找矿成果。如何运用遥感手段更好的指引找矿,快速、正确圈定靶区,为矿区深部及外围找矿提供科学依据。
本论文利用了ETM遥感图像数据以科研项目《云南省昭通炎山铅锌矿矿区遥感信息融合与成矿预测》为支撑,在计算机辅助软件地理信息系统和ERDAS系统平台上,运用遥感技术,对矿区周边及其深部进行新资源的探察,能快速对某一区域进行靶区圈定,大大缩短了实地勘探的周期,并能节省大量的人力和物力资源。
作业在收集前人对研究区所做地质资料的基础上,通过实地勘察,并对遥感解译进行实地勘察。通过对地质与遥感解译信息综合分析,建立综合信息找矿模型,获得以下认识和成果：
1.实现了空间数据与属性数据的一体化管理,集地质和遥感为一体,快速提取和筛选找矿信息；
2.在计算机辅助软件ERDAS平台上对ETM遥感图象数据进行处理,提取矿化信息,并对研究区的线形构造线和环形进行了分析与提取,并采用MORPAS软件系统对线性构造进行等密度、平均方位、条数、优益度、中心对称度定量化处理；
3.将遥感影象图解释为环形构造和线形构造,并从中提取矿化信息,用GIS作为辅助工具,从数据层次上实现RS和GIS的集成；
4.通过对遥感解译图象的实地勘察与验证,综合地质和遥感信息,在研究区进圈定了5个靶区,并对其进行了初期规划,通过工程验证,取得了良好的效果。
With the rapid development of the national regular on the demand for mineral raw materials are growing at the same time because of the near-surface exploitation of mineral resources and mining has become increasingly depleted resources, resulting in the increased difficulty of prospecting. In order to meet the needs of economic development, new theories, new technologies are used in mineral exploration geology, the formation of enriched mineralization theory, and obtained better results prospecting. How to use a means of better guidelines for remote sensing exploration, rapid, and the correct delineation of target for mining exploration in deep and peripheral to provide a scientific basis.
In this paper, using the ETM remote sensing image data in order to research Yan Shan in Zhaotong of Yunnan lead-zinc mining areas of remote sensing information fusion and metallogenic prognosis" for support in computer-aided software ERDAS geographic information systems and system platforms, the use of remote sensing technology, surrounding the mining area and its deep resources for new detectors that can quickly target a particular area delineation, greatly reducing the field of exploration of the cycle, and can save a lot of human and material resources.
In the collection made by our predecessors of the study area based on geological data, through field investigation, remote sensing interpretation and field investigation. Through the interpretation of geological and remote sensing information analysis, the establishment of an integrated model of information exploration, knowledge and the results of the following:
1. accomplish the geological and remote sensing information quickly;
2. Process the remote sensing image(ETM) by utilizing the methods for digital image processing, extract mineralization information, interpret the line and ring structure. Achieve a great deal of fixed-quantity information by means of the software of MORPAS, such as equivalent density, average direction, item quantity, outstanding degrees, symmetry degree of centre. Summarize the prospecting model of remote sensing;
3. Remote sensing images will be interpreted as a circular graph structure and linear structure, mineralization and extracting information, using GIS as a tool to achieve from the data-level integration of RS and GIS;
4. Interpretation of remote sensing images through the site investigation and verification, integrated geological and remote sensing information in the study area has been delineated into five target, and its early stage of planning, engineering verification, achieved good results.
本论文利用了ETM遥感图像数据以科研项目《云南省昭通炎山铅锌矿矿区遥感信息融合与成矿预测》为支撑,在计算机辅助软件地理信息系统和ERDAS系统平台上,运用遥感技术,对矿区周边及其深部进行新资源的探察,能快速对某一区域进行靶区圈定,大大缩短了实地勘探的周期,并能节省大量的人力和物力资源。
作业在收集前人对研究区所做地质资料的基础上,通过实地勘察,并对遥感解译进行实地勘察。通过对地质与遥感解译信息综合分析,建立综合信息找矿模型,获得以下认识和成果：
1.实现了空间数据与属性数据的一体化管理,集地质和遥感为一体,快速提取和筛选找矿信息；
2.在计算机辅助软件ERDAS平台上对ETM遥感图象数据进行处理,提取矿化信息,并对研究区的线形构造线和环形进行了分析与提取,并采用MORPAS软件系统对线性构造进行等密度、平均方位、条数、优益度、中心对称度定量化处理；
3.将遥感影象图解释为环形构造和线形构造,并从中提取矿化信息,用GIS作为辅助工具,从数据层次上实现RS和GIS的集成；
4.通过对遥感解译图象的实地勘察与验证,综合地质和遥感信息,在研究区进圈定了5个靶区,并对其进行了初期规划,通过工程验证,取得了良好的效果。
With the rapid development of the national regular on the demand for mineral raw materials are growing at the same time because of the near-surface exploitation of mineral resources and mining has become increasingly depleted resources, resulting in the increased difficulty of prospecting. In order to meet the needs of economic development, new theories, new technologies are used in mineral exploration geology, the formation of enriched mineralization theory, and obtained better results prospecting. How to use a means of better guidelines for remote sensing exploration, rapid, and the correct delineation of target for mining exploration in deep and peripheral to provide a scientific basis.
In this paper, using the ETM remote sensing image data in order to research Yan Shan in Zhaotong of Yunnan lead-zinc mining areas of remote sensing information fusion and metallogenic prognosis" for support in computer-aided software ERDAS geographic information systems and system platforms, the use of remote sensing technology, surrounding the mining area and its deep resources for new detectors that can quickly target a particular area delineation, greatly reducing the field of exploration of the cycle, and can save a lot of human and material resources.
In the collection made by our predecessors of the study area based on geological data, through field investigation, remote sensing interpretation and field investigation. Through the interpretation of geological and remote sensing information analysis, the establishment of an integrated model of information exploration, knowledge and the results of the following:
1. accomplish the geological and remote sensing information quickly;
2. Process the remote sensing image(ETM) by utilizing the methods for digital image processing, extract mineralization information, interpret the line and ring structure. Achieve a great deal of fixed-quantity information by means of the software of MORPAS, such as equivalent density, average direction, item quantity, outstanding degrees, symmetry degree of centre. Summarize the prospecting model of remote sensing;
3. Remote sensing images will be interpreted as a circular graph structure and linear structure, mineralization and extracting information, using GIS as a tool to achieve from the data-level integration of RS and GIS;
4. Interpretation of remote sensing images through the site investigation and verification, integrated geological and remote sensing information in the study area has been delineated into five target, and its early stage of planning, engineering verification, achieved good results.
引文
[1]赵鹏大,陈永清.地质异常矿体定位的基本途径.地球科学,1998,23(2)：111-114.
[2]赵鹏大,胡旺亮,李紫金.矿床统计预测.北京：地质出版社,1994
[3]肖克炎.特征分析模型简介.矿产与地质,1993,7(6)：449-453
[4]肖克炎,张晓华,王四龙等.矿产资源GIS评价系统.北京：地质出版社,2000.3
[5]朱裕生,肖克炎等.成矿预测方法.北京：地质出版社,1997
[6]董树文,赵逊,张彦英等.21世纪地质科学展望-31届国际地质大会学术启示.地球学报,2001,22(1)：1-4
[7]陈毓川,张之一,项礼文等.90年代地球科学的动向-第30届国际地质大会学术报导.北京：地质出版社,1997.155-159
[8]池顺都,赵鹏大.应用GIS圈定找矿可行地段和有利地段.地球科学,1998,23(2)：125-128
[9]范永香.初论内生金属矿床矿区地质预测的主要途径.地球科学,1984,(4)：107-115.
[10]刘志国,池顺都,周顺平.成矿预测中应用GIS的主要步骤.地质找矿论丛,2002,17(2)：140-144.
[11]程裕琪,陈毓川.再论矿床成矿系列问题.中国地质科学院院刊,1993
[12]陈毓川.中国大型、超大型矿床基本特征,第五届全国矿床会议论文集,北京,地质出版社,1993：164-165
[13]陈毓川.中国矿床成矿系列,第五届全国矿床会议论文集,北京,地质出版社,1993：89-91
[14]陈毓川,朱裕生.中国矿床成矿模式.北京：地质出版社,1993
[15]於崇文.成矿动力系统在混沌边缘分形生长一种新的成矿理论与方法论.地学前缘,2001,8(3)：10-28
[16]陈国达,黄瑞华.大地构造成矿学．地球科学进展,1991,6(2)：60-62.
[17]阁积惠,康慧,陈怀亮.TM图像地质应用原理与方法.北京：冶金工业出版社,1995
[18]李冬田.地质遥感.北京：水利电力出版社,1995
[19]朱亮瑛,刘允良,张福祥等.遥感地质学.北京：地质出版社,1994
[20]刘勇卫,贺雪鸿译.遥感精解.北京：测绘出版社,1993
[21]党安荣,王晓栋,陈晓峰等.ERDAS IMAGIEE遥感图像处理方法.北京：清华出版社
[22]常庆瑞,蒋平安,周勇等.遥感技术导论.北京：科学技术出版社,2004
[23]汤国安,张顺友,刘咏梅等.遥感数字图像处理.北京：科学技术出版社,2004
[24]刘燕君.遥感找矿的原理和方法.北京：冶金工业出版社,1991
[25]罗富生.金矿床遥感影像模式及证据权重法在找矿预测中的应用.国土资源遥感,1994,(1)：65～69
[26]罗朝舜,赵志芳,许东等.成矿区带(矿田)赋矿遥感模型.云南地质,2004,23(3)：378-384
[27]赵鹏大,池顺都.当今矿产勘查问题的思考.地球科学一中国地质大学学报,1998,23(1)：70-74
[28]陈毓川.当代矿产资源勘查评价的理论与方法.北京：地震出版社.1999
[29]黄旭钊.利用MAPINFO综合分析多源地学信息进行矿产预测.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2001,26(2)：189-191
[30]王世称,王於天.综合信息解译原理与矿产预测图编制方法.长春：吉林大学出版社,1989
[31]王世称,陈永良,夏立显.综合信息矿产预测理论与方法.北京：科学出版社,2000
[32]朱裕生.矿产资源评价方法导论.北京：地质出版社,1984
[33]李建成.矿产资源定量预测方法综述.地质科技情报,1995,14(4)：57-64
[34]国家辉.桂西北超微粒浸染型金矿成矿地质条件及找矿模式.广西地质,1994,7(2)：37-49
[35]肖克炎.试论综合找矿模型.地质与勘探,1994,30(1)：41-45
[36]王全明,方一平.矿产资源调查评价中的GIS.中国地质,2001,28(4)：38-44
[37]卢作祥,范永香,刘辅臣.成矿规律和成矿预测学.武汉：中国地质大学出版社.1988
[38]吴堑虹.利用GIS编制矿产预测图.地质与勘探,2000,36(3)：48-50.
[39]杨世瑜.矿床遥感地质的基本问题.西南矿产地质,1995,280,(2)：133-135
[40]杨世瑜.论遥感图像的影像线-环结构.西南矿产地质,1997,32(5)：33-35
[41]杨洪枝,王家仁.勐兴铅锌矿地质与综合信息成矿预测.云南科技出版社2003
[42]高建国,郭君.矿产资源信息系统构建及应用.云南出版集团公司云南科技出版社,2007
[2]赵鹏大,胡旺亮,李紫金.矿床统计预测.北京：地质出版社,1994
[3]肖克炎.特征分析模型简介.矿产与地质,1993,7(6)：449-453
[4]肖克炎,张晓华,王四龙等.矿产资源GIS评价系统.北京：地质出版社,2000.3
[5]朱裕生,肖克炎等.成矿预测方法.北京：地质出版社,1997
[6]董树文,赵逊,张彦英等.21世纪地质科学展望-31届国际地质大会学术启示.地球学报,2001,22(1)：1-4
[7]陈毓川,张之一,项礼文等.90年代地球科学的动向-第30届国际地质大会学术报导.北京：地质出版社,1997.155-159
[8]池顺都,赵鹏大.应用GIS圈定找矿可行地段和有利地段.地球科学,1998,23(2)：125-128
[9]范永香.初论内生金属矿床矿区地质预测的主要途径.地球科学,1984,(4)：107-115.
[10]刘志国,池顺都,周顺平.成矿预测中应用GIS的主要步骤.地质找矿论丛,2002,17(2)：140-144.
[11]程裕琪,陈毓川.再论矿床成矿系列问题.中国地质科学院院刊,1993
[12]陈毓川.中国大型、超大型矿床基本特征,第五届全国矿床会议论文集,北京,地质出版社,1993：164-165
[13]陈毓川.中国矿床成矿系列,第五届全国矿床会议论文集,北京,地质出版社,1993：89-91
[14]陈毓川,朱裕生.中国矿床成矿模式.北京：地质出版社,1993
[15]於崇文.成矿动力系统在混沌边缘分形生长一种新的成矿理论与方法论.地学前缘,2001,8(3)：10-28
[16]陈国达,黄瑞华.大地构造成矿学．地球科学进展,1991,6(2)：60-62.
[17]阁积惠,康慧,陈怀亮.TM图像地质应用原理与方法.北京：冶金工业出版社,1995
[18]李冬田.地质遥感.北京：水利电力出版社,1995
[19]朱亮瑛,刘允良,张福祥等.遥感地质学.北京：地质出版社,1994
[20]刘勇卫,贺雪鸿译.遥感精解.北京：测绘出版社,1993
[21]党安荣,王晓栋,陈晓峰等.ERDAS IMAGIEE遥感图像处理方法.北京：清华出版社
[22]常庆瑞,蒋平安,周勇等.遥感技术导论.北京：科学技术出版社,2004
[23]汤国安,张顺友,刘咏梅等.遥感数字图像处理.北京：科学技术出版社,2004
[24]刘燕君.遥感找矿的原理和方法.北京：冶金工业出版社,1991
[25]罗富生.金矿床遥感影像模式及证据权重法在找矿预测中的应用.国土资源遥感,1994,(1)：65～69
[26]罗朝舜,赵志芳,许东等.成矿区带(矿田)赋矿遥感模型.云南地质,2004,23(3)：378-384
[27]赵鹏大,池顺都.当今矿产勘查问题的思考.地球科学一中国地质大学学报,1998,23(1)：70-74
[28]陈毓川.当代矿产资源勘查评价的理论与方法.北京：地震出版社.1999
[29]黄旭钊.利用MAPINFO综合分析多源地学信息进行矿产预测.地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2001,26(2)：189-191
[30]王世称,王於天.综合信息解译原理与矿产预测图编制方法.长春：吉林大学出版社,1989
[31]王世称,陈永良,夏立显.综合信息矿产预测理论与方法.北京：科学出版社,2000
[32]朱裕生.矿产资源评价方法导论.北京：地质出版社,1984
[33]李建成.矿产资源定量预测方法综述.地质科技情报,1995,14(4)：57-64
[34]国家辉.桂西北超微粒浸染型金矿成矿地质条件及找矿模式.广西地质,1994,7(2)：37-49
[35]肖克炎.试论综合找矿模型.地质与勘探,1994,30(1)：41-45
[36]王全明,方一平.矿产资源调查评价中的GIS.中国地质,2001,28(4)：38-44
[37]卢作祥,范永香,刘辅臣.成矿规律和成矿预测学.武汉：中国地质大学出版社.1988
[38]吴堑虹.利用GIS编制矿产预测图.地质与勘探,2000,36(3)：48-50.
[39]杨世瑜.矿床遥感地质的基本问题.西南矿产地质,1995,280,(2)：133-135
[40]杨世瑜.论遥感图像的影像线-环结构.西南矿产地质,1997,32(5)：33-35
[41]杨洪枝,王家仁.勐兴铅锌矿地质与综合信息成矿预测.云南科技出版社2003
[42]高建国,郭君.矿产资源信息系统构建及应用.云南出版集团公司云南科技出版社,2007