基于JCA架构的企业应用集成技术研究与实现
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摘要
企业信息系统是为一个企业提供信息基础服务设施的一个应用或企业系统。由于大部分的企业信息系统是在不同的时期或者是面向不同的需求进行开发的，因此它们所提供的接口相对来说比较独立，与企业应用程序之间的交互非常有限，用途也一般仅局限在部门内部，造成了一个个企业信息“孤岛”。如何既能保留已有的投资，又能让如此众多的“孤岛”之间联系起来协同工作已成为当前应用中的关键问题。
企业应用集成技术的出现对企业信息系统中的孤岛问题提出了一种解决方案，使得各个孤立的企业信息系统之间有了集成的可能。EAI就是将业务流程、应用软件、硬件和各种标准联合起来，在两个或更多的企业应用系统之间实现无缝集成，使它们像一个整体一样进行业务处理和信息共享，从而提高企业效率，为客户提供灵活的业务服务。企业应用集成可以分为内部集成和外部集成，从集成深度上讲，又可以分为数据集成，应用程序集成和业务流程集成。现在比较流行的企业应用集成技术有基于消息中间件的集成、基于分布式中间件的集成和基于XML的集成。
J2EE框架中的连接器架构(JCA)部分是对企业应用集成方案的有力补充。它的出现简化了集成的复杂度，使得企业信息系统厂商无需再为每种应用服务器定制产品，遵守此连接体系的应用服务器也不需为连接某种的新的企业信息系统而添加定制代码了。由于应用服务器和资源适配器依靠系统协定为企业应用集成提供事务、安全和连接池服务，应用组件则不需要关注这些系统级细节，应用组件开发人员只须集中精力开发业务和应用逻辑，所以此连接架构同时也简化了应用的开发。
本文在对企业信息系统的孤立现状做了比较透彻的分析后，对比了企业应用集成的多种现存技术，提出了以JCA架构来实现企业应用集成的方案，在此基础上设计了相关的可配置可移植的资源适配器，并成功地在系统中实现了对资源适配器的连接调用，完成了系统的应用集成。
Enterprise Information System (EIS) is an application or a enterprise system provide seivice for an enterprise.Because most EISs were developed in different time or faced to different demand, their interfaces are relatively independent, have little interchange with other applications, and were mostly used in local department. It made information islands in enterprise. How to keep the investment and make the information islands work together is the key question in nowadays' application.
The appearance of Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) provided a solution to this question and make islated EISs have possible to work together. EAI is to join up business procedures, applications, hardware and standards, integrate them on two or more EISs, make them as a whole one to do business process and share informations, then increase enterprises' effetioncy, to provide flexible business service to customers. EAI can be devided into inbound integration and outbound integration. In the facet of integration depth, it can be devided into data integration, application integration, and business procedure integration. In nowadays, popular EAI is based on message middleware, distributed middleware or XML.
The J2EE Connector Architecture in J2EE framework is a strong supplement to existence EAI technology. Its appearance simplified the complexity of integration, EIS vendors don't need to customize product to every application server, and application server which observe this architecture doesn't need to add specific code for new EISs. Because application server and resource adapter can provide service of transaction, security and connection, the application component doesn't to concern about those system detail, developer only focus on business logic, so this architecture simplified development of applications.
After relatively intensive analysis to the actuality of isolated enterprise information systems, the thesis compared several existing technology of enterprise application integration, raised a solution of enterprise application integration by using J2EE connector architecture, designed an configurable and transplantable resource adapter on this foundation, and successfully actualized connection and calling to the resource adapter in the system, completed application integration to the systems.
企业应用集成技术的出现对企业信息系统中的孤岛问题提出了一种解决方案，使得各个孤立的企业信息系统之间有了集成的可能。EAI就是将业务流程、应用软件、硬件和各种标准联合起来，在两个或更多的企业应用系统之间实现无缝集成，使它们像一个整体一样进行业务处理和信息共享，从而提高企业效率，为客户提供灵活的业务服务。企业应用集成可以分为内部集成和外部集成，从集成深度上讲，又可以分为数据集成，应用程序集成和业务流程集成。现在比较流行的企业应用集成技术有基于消息中间件的集成、基于分布式中间件的集成和基于XML的集成。
J2EE框架中的连接器架构(JCA)部分是对企业应用集成方案的有力补充。它的出现简化了集成的复杂度，使得企业信息系统厂商无需再为每种应用服务器定制产品，遵守此连接体系的应用服务器也不需为连接某种的新的企业信息系统而添加定制代码了。由于应用服务器和资源适配器依靠系统协定为企业应用集成提供事务、安全和连接池服务，应用组件则不需要关注这些系统级细节，应用组件开发人员只须集中精力开发业务和应用逻辑，所以此连接架构同时也简化了应用的开发。
本文在对企业信息系统的孤立现状做了比较透彻的分析后，对比了企业应用集成的多种现存技术，提出了以JCA架构来实现企业应用集成的方案，在此基础上设计了相关的可配置可移植的资源适配器，并成功地在系统中实现了对资源适配器的连接调用，完成了系统的应用集成。
Enterprise Information System (EIS) is an application or a enterprise system provide seivice for an enterprise.Because most EISs were developed in different time or faced to different demand, their interfaces are relatively independent, have little interchange with other applications, and were mostly used in local department. It made information islands in enterprise. How to keep the investment and make the information islands work together is the key question in nowadays' application.
The appearance of Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) provided a solution to this question and make islated EISs have possible to work together. EAI is to join up business procedures, applications, hardware and standards, integrate them on two or more EISs, make them as a whole one to do business process and share informations, then increase enterprises' effetioncy, to provide flexible business service to customers. EAI can be devided into inbound integration and outbound integration. In the facet of integration depth, it can be devided into data integration, application integration, and business procedure integration. In nowadays, popular EAI is based on message middleware, distributed middleware or XML.
The J2EE Connector Architecture in J2EE framework is a strong supplement to existence EAI technology. Its appearance simplified the complexity of integration, EIS vendors don't need to customize product to every application server, and application server which observe this architecture doesn't need to add specific code for new EISs. Because application server and resource adapter can provide service of transaction, security and connection, the application component doesn't to concern about those system detail, developer only focus on business logic, so this architecture simplified development of applications.
After relatively intensive analysis to the actuality of isolated enterprise information systems, the thesis compared several existing technology of enterprise application integration, raised a solution of enterprise application integration by using J2EE connector architecture, designed an configurable and transplantable resource adapter on this foundation, and successfully actualized connection and calling to the resource adapter in the system, completed application integration to the systems.
引文
[1]刘振．企业应用集成研究．上海信息化，2006．02
[2]谢小轩，张浩，夏敬等．企业应用集成综述．计算机工程与应用，2002．22
[3]常晓鹏，潘淑文．一种企业应用集成方案(EAI)的研究．河南教育学院学报(自然科学版)，2005．06
[4]韦银星，张申生，周晓俊等．企业应用集成技术研究．计算机集成制造系统，2002．08
[5]JOHANNESSON P.Design principles for process modeling in enterprise application integration,Information Systems.2003.3
[6]KOBAYASHIT, Business process integration as a solution to the implementation of supply chain management systems. 2003
[7]姜洪溪，谢模轩．面向业务过程的企业应用集成方法．计算机工程与应用，2003．19
[8]ERASALA N, Enterprise Application Integration in the electronic commerce world. Computer Standards and Interfaces,2003
[9]顾翊，张申生，朱祥飞．一种企业应用集成方案的研究．计算机工程与应用，2003．06
[10]ERASALAN, Enterprise Application Integration in the electronic commerce world, Computer Standards and Interfaces, 2003.2
[11]IBM EAI相关．http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/ondemand/eai/index.html
[12]范汉生，尹建伟，董金祥．支持EAI基于JMS的企业级协同消息通信工具的实现， 江南大学学报，2006．2
[13]美国SUN公司，Tutorials & Code Camps Java Message Service Tutorial， http://java.sun.com/products/jms/tutorial/index.html
[14]柯国鸿．采用JMS和XML解决不同系统的数据交换．电脑开发与应用，2005．18
[15]BEA jms指南．http://dev2dev.bea.com.cn/techtype/jms/
[16]Rima Patel Sriganesh，Gerald Brose,精通EJB(罗时飞译)，电子工业出版社， 2006．369～421
[17]CSDN CORBA．http://blog.csdn.net/JDMBA/archive/2006/12/26/1463090.aspx
[18]和征，张新元．基于J2EE面向Web服务的EAI应用研究．Journal of Information， 2005．11
[19]袁占亭，张秋余．基于Web Service的企业应用集成解决方案研究．计算机集成制造系统,2004．12
[20]谢芳华，任午令，唐任仲．基于XML的异构数据交换集成技术及其实现．制造业自动化，2004．4
[21]张雪洁，王志坚，许峰．基于XML的领域异构数据库间的数据转换．计算机与现代化，2004．5
[22]胡萍，李文华．基于XML的数据转换中间件的研究与实现．微机发展，2003．6
[23]李卫东，施化吉，李星毅．J2EE平台上基于Web服务企业应用集成的研究．计算机工程与设计，2005．1
[24]Mad Bond, Dan Haywood, Debbie Lews, Andy Longshaw, Peter Roxburgh. Teach Yourself J2EE in 21 Dyas, Second Edition, 2004.
[25]Angela Yochem. David Carlson, Tad Stephens. J2EE Applications and BEA WebLogic Server, Second Edition, 2003.
[26]Rod Johnson. Expert One-on-One J2EE Design and Development,2004.
[27]Deepak Alur, John Cruip, Dan Malks. Core J2EE Patterns Best Practices and Design Strategies, 2003.
[28]MaIjaz B Juric等著，J2EE EAI编程指南(，袁然等译)，电子工业出版社， 2002．5 18-559．
[29]Rahul Sharma，Beth Stearns，Tony Ng,J2EE连接器体系与企业应用集成(，杨晓红等译)，电子工业出版社，2003．159～175
[30]J2EE Connector Architecture Specification Version 1.5，Sun Microsystems，2003．11
[31]蒋效宇，周志逵．用JCA实现企业的应用集成．网络信息技术，2004．23
[32]张兵，吴泉源，彭坤．JCA中资源适配器的设计和实现．计算机工程，2006．12
[33]雷爱平，尹建伟，陈刚等．面向EAI的高可用性松耦合的扩展JCA架构．计算机应用，2005．2
[34]张德文，韩儒博．JCA与异构EIS集成．微计算机信息，2005年．11
[35]KANG A, Enterprise application integration using J2EE, http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-08-2002/jw-0809-eai.html
[36]IBM JCA相关资料．http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/j-jca/
[37]Marc Fiammante,Regis Coqueret．为EAI选择JCA、JMS或Web服务 http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-jcajms/index.html
[38]陶海燕，曹书涛．EAI技术在电子政务集成中的应用．计算机技术与发展，2006．2
[39]Scott Stark等著，JBoss管理与开发核心技术(，罗时飞译)，电子工业出版社， 2004．285-306．
[40]张建锋．使用JCA inbound实现信息流入集成。计算机与信息技术，2006．5
[2]谢小轩，张浩，夏敬等．企业应用集成综述．计算机工程与应用，2002．22
[3]常晓鹏，潘淑文．一种企业应用集成方案(EAI)的研究．河南教育学院学报(自然科学版)，2005．06
[4]韦银星，张申生，周晓俊等．企业应用集成技术研究．计算机集成制造系统，2002．08
[5]JOHANNESSON P.Design principles for process modeling in enterprise application integration,Information Systems.2003.3
[6]KOBAYASHIT, Business process integration as a solution to the implementation of supply chain management systems. 2003
[7]姜洪溪，谢模轩．面向业务过程的企业应用集成方法．计算机工程与应用，2003．19
[8]ERASALA N, Enterprise Application Integration in the electronic commerce world. Computer Standards and Interfaces,2003
[9]顾翊，张申生，朱祥飞．一种企业应用集成方案的研究．计算机工程与应用，2003．06
[10]ERASALAN, Enterprise Application Integration in the electronic commerce world, Computer Standards and Interfaces, 2003.2
[11]IBM EAI相关．http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/ondemand/eai/index.html
[12]范汉生，尹建伟，董金祥．支持EAI基于JMS的企业级协同消息通信工具的实现， 江南大学学报，2006．2
[13]美国SUN公司，Tutorials & Code Camps Java Message Service Tutorial， http://java.sun.com/products/jms/tutorial/index.html
[14]柯国鸿．采用JMS和XML解决不同系统的数据交换．电脑开发与应用，2005．18
[15]BEA jms指南．http://dev2dev.bea.com.cn/techtype/jms/
[16]Rima Patel Sriganesh，Gerald Brose,精通EJB(罗时飞译)，电子工业出版社， 2006．369～421
[17]CSDN CORBA．http://blog.csdn.net/JDMBA/archive/2006/12/26/1463090.aspx
[18]和征，张新元．基于J2EE面向Web服务的EAI应用研究．Journal of Information， 2005．11
[19]袁占亭，张秋余．基于Web Service的企业应用集成解决方案研究．计算机集成制造系统,2004．12
[20]谢芳华，任午令，唐任仲．基于XML的异构数据交换集成技术及其实现．制造业自动化，2004．4
[21]张雪洁，王志坚，许峰．基于XML的领域异构数据库间的数据转换．计算机与现代化，2004．5
[22]胡萍，李文华．基于XML的数据转换中间件的研究与实现．微机发展，2003．6
[23]李卫东，施化吉，李星毅．J2EE平台上基于Web服务企业应用集成的研究．计算机工程与设计，2005．1
[24]Mad Bond, Dan Haywood, Debbie Lews, Andy Longshaw, Peter Roxburgh. Teach Yourself J2EE in 21 Dyas, Second Edition, 2004.
[25]Angela Yochem. David Carlson, Tad Stephens. J2EE Applications and BEA WebLogic Server, Second Edition, 2003.
[26]Rod Johnson. Expert One-on-One J2EE Design and Development,2004.
[27]Deepak Alur, John Cruip, Dan Malks. Core J2EE Patterns Best Practices and Design Strategies, 2003.
[28]MaIjaz B Juric等著，J2EE EAI编程指南(，袁然等译)，电子工业出版社， 2002．5 18-559．
[29]Rahul Sharma，Beth Stearns，Tony Ng,J2EE连接器体系与企业应用集成(，杨晓红等译)，电子工业出版社，2003．159～175
[30]J2EE Connector Architecture Specification Version 1.5，Sun Microsystems，2003．11
[31]蒋效宇，周志逵．用JCA实现企业的应用集成．网络信息技术，2004．23
[32]张兵，吴泉源，彭坤．JCA中资源适配器的设计和实现．计算机工程，2006．12
[33]雷爱平，尹建伟，陈刚等．面向EAI的高可用性松耦合的扩展JCA架构．计算机应用，2005．2
[34]张德文，韩儒博．JCA与异构EIS集成．微计算机信息，2005年．11
[35]KANG A, Enterprise application integration using J2EE, http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/jw-08-2002/jw-0809-eai.html
[36]IBM JCA相关资料．http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/j-jca/
[37]Marc Fiammante,Regis Coqueret．为EAI选择JCA、JMS或Web服务 http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/webservices/ws-jcajms/index.html
[38]陶海燕，曹书涛．EAI技术在电子政务集成中的应用．计算机技术与发展，2006．2
[39]Scott Stark等著，JBoss管理与开发核心技术(，罗时飞译)，电子工业出版社， 2004．285-306．
[40]张建锋．使用JCA inbound实现信息流入集成。计算机与信息技术，2006．5