广西大学生课余体育行为现状调查与分析
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摘要
课余体育是学校体育的重要组成部分,课余体育锻炼对有效的促进学生的身心健康,养成健康的生活方式,构建优良的校园文化,树立终身体育意识都有重要作用。大学生正处在由学校体育向社会体育的过渡阶段。所以,大学生课余体育锻炼情况,还直接影响到他们终身体育的实现。了解并优化大学生课余体育行为是摆在我们面前急需要解决的课题。
本研究通过对广西在校大学生参与课余体育锻炼的现状和影响因素的研究,力求探悉广西大学生体育课余锻炼的特点,为更好的开展广西高校体育工作,丰富大学生课余体育生活,提高大学生身体素质和健康水平,树立终身体育的习惯等提供一些有价值的参考。本文通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法和数理统计法对广西高校大学生课余体育行为现状进行了调查,并提出了相应的发展对策。
结果显示:有96.7%的广西大学生不同程度地参加体育活动。有47.3%的大学生能够每周参加3次或3次以上的体育活动,且男生活动频率显著高于女生。广西在校大学生的每周体育活动次数有较明显差异,男生明显比女生活动次数多。多数大学生(52.7%)每周参加体育活动的次数少于3次,不符合体育人口的标准。50.7%的大学生每次活动时间在30-60分钟之间,60分钟以上者在31.8%。而每次活动的时间少于30分钟的比例占了总数的17.5%。年级越高,每次体育活动的持续时间也长,男女生没有显著差异。男生随着年级增长锻炼时长也增长,呈现正相关关系。广西大学生课余体育运动的运动强度保持在较高水平上。广西在校大学生体育人口比例显然偏低,只占总样本总数的30.7%。年级分布呈现“两头小,中间大”的态势。课余体育运动时间安排比较合理。广西大学生最喜欢的体育项目前八位排序为:羽毛球、篮球、乒乓球、排球、游泳、武术、跑步、足球。超过一半以上的大学生选择在学校体育场馆进行体育运动。大部分(68.9%)大学生能够基本掌握1-2项运动技术。广西大学生掌握体育知识情况一般。大学生获取知识的渠道更加自主化,选择性强,46%的大学生是通过各种媒体了解到体育相关知识的。在对体育比赛关注方面,表示“很关注”者占13.3%,“一般”占66.7%,“不关心”的占20.0%。通过访谈发现,大部分在校大学生没有十分关注高水平体育赛事,水平只停留在观看体育新闻了解比赛动态和结果的程度。通过电视和网络是关注体育比赛的最主要的方式。与同伴一起参与体育活动”(68.8%)和“自己锻炼”(20.5%)是大学生课余体育锻炼的主要形式。广西大学生体育消费还处在较低水平上,以实物型体育消费为主。
广西大学生体育动机主要集中在增进健康(73.5%)、散心娱乐(45.4%)和调节紧张学习上(28.1%),这说明追求身心健康和休闲娱乐是广西大学生参与体育运动的主要动机。
超过1/3的大学生的体育态度是积极的。男生体育态度较女生更为积极。广西在校大学生表现出年级与体育态度呈正相关性。
广西大学生课余体育行为受体育态度、体育动机、锻炼后心理成就感、体育价值观方面的影响。学校体育文化氛围、学校体育场地设施情况、学业压力、自身缺乏运动技术等也是重要影响因素。
针对以上问题,提出了针对性的发展对策:开设体育理论课;学校体育改革要注意培养学生的体育兴趣和体育能力,形成正确的体育价值观念,养成体育锻炼习惯,完善高校课余体育管理组织工作,组织开展好各种单项体育俱乐部;保证学生有充足的体育锻炼时间;大力营造校园体育文化和体育氛围,积极面向全体学生开展群体比赛,可在传统的比赛项目中加入趣味性、小型多样的比赛,做到课余比赛大众参与;加强贯彻实施《全民健身计划纲要》、《国家学生体质健康标准》等我国有关的教育、体育法规制度,使学校的体育课外活动得到贯彻落实;学校体育教学内容要多样化,趣味化,提高大学生的运动技术水平和能力;加大经费投入,提高学校体育场地设施的质量和数量,为大学生课余体育活动提供好物质保证。
Extracurricular physical activity activity to enhance the student body and promote the mental health of students, their culture create a good living habits, enhance organizational discipline, strengthen the building of spiritual civilization and create a good study and school spirit, to develop conscious exercise habits, so that students can benefit from life Play an active role. Students from the schools are in the transition phase to the community, from the perspective of life, are in school sports to the community sports stage of a turning point. Therefore, a university student extracurricular physical activity training in how to conduct, but also directly affect the realization of his lifelong sports. How to make college students to consciously take part in extracurricular physical activity activity in the past and forming a lifelong habit of physical training to cope with modern social life challenges faced by, and this is before us an urgent need to address the problem.
Through this study in the Guangxi college students to participate in extracurricular physical activity activity status and factors influencing the study, college students in Guangxi to Probe into after-school sports training features, and for the better development of Guangxi college sports, rich college students after-school sports life, and improve the physical fitness of College Students health standards, and establish the habit of lifelong sports and provide some valuable reference.
Through literature, questionnaire, interviews and statistics on the after-school sports Guangxi College Students conducted a survey of the status quo, and the corresponding development of countermeasures.
The results showed that: 96.7% of the Guangxi students to participate in sports activities to varying degrees. 47.3 % of university students are able to participate in the three times per week or more than three times the sports, and the boys activities frequency was significantly higher than that of girls. In the course of the weekly sports college students have more significant differences number of boys than girls significantly more than the number of activities. The majority of college students (52.7%) the number of times a week to participate in sports less than three times the population do not meet the standard sports. 50.7 % of students in each event time between 30-60 minutes, more than 60 minutes in 31.8%. And, each time, the duration of the activity of less than 30 minutes of the proportion of the total number of 17.5%. The higher the grade, and the duration of each sports long, boys and girls there was no significant difference. With the growth grade boys at the long training also grow, showing a positive correlation between. Guangxi College Students after-school sports remain at the higher exercise intensity level. Guangxi College Students Sports proportion of the population is low, the total number of samples the total of 30.7%. Grade distribution has "two small, the middle is" posture. After-school sports schedule more reasonable. Guangxi College Students favorite sports before 8 sort: badminton, basketball, table-tennis, volleyball, swimming, martial arts, running, football. More than half of university students in the school choice for sports stadiums. The majority (68.9%) students can master the basic techniques in the campaign 1-2. Guangxi students master knowledge of the sport in general. Students acquire knowledge more independent channels, selectivity, 46 % of college students through a variety of media that is sports-related knowledge. In the sports concerns, expressed "concern", accounting for 13.3 %, "general" account for 66.7 %, "do not care" accounted for 20.0%. Interviews found that most college students not very concerned about the high level sports events, the level is still watching Sports News understand the dynamics and the outcome of the competition level. TV and sports network is the most important concern of the way. To participate in sports activities and Peer "(68.8%) and" self-training "(20.5%) students after-school sports is the main form of exercise. Guangxi University Sports consumption is still in the lower level, in-kind sports consumption-oriented.
Guangxi University Sports motivated mainly concentrated in the health promotion (73.5%), gaining entertainment (45.4%) and adjust tension learning (28.1%), the pursuit of physical and mental health, and recreational Guangxi students to participate in sports is the main motive.
More than 1 / 3 of the students of sports attitude is positive. Boys sports attitude than girls more positive. In the course of college students demonstrated grade positive attitude and sports related.
Guangxi College Students after-school sports attitude of the sports, sports motivation, training psychological sense of achievement, and the impact of sports values. School sports and cultural atmosphere, the school sports facilities, academic pressure, lack of exercise their own technology is also important influencing factors.
In view of the above problem, the targeted development measures: school sports reform, we should pay attention to cultivating their interest in sports and sports ability, the correct values of sport, to develop habits of physical activity for students to participate in physical exercise consciously lay a foundation for improving college after-school sports management organizations, good organizations of individual sports clubs, schools, families, and the whole of society to reduce the burden of students after school, and ensure that the students have adequate time for physical exercise vigorously create a campus sports culture and sports atmosphere, a positive for all groups of students to competition in the traditional competitions include fun, a variety of small game, and the public to participate in after-school competitions to enhance the implementation of the "National Fitness Program,"“National student health standards”and China-related education, Sports laws, regulations, make the school extra-curricular sports activities in the implementation of school sports teaching content should be diversified, interesting and increase the skill level of students and the ability to increase the input of funds, improve school sports facilities the quality and quantity of university students provide good after-school sports material guarantee.
本研究通过对广西在校大学生参与课余体育锻炼的现状和影响因素的研究,力求探悉广西大学生体育课余锻炼的特点,为更好的开展广西高校体育工作,丰富大学生课余体育生活,提高大学生身体素质和健康水平,树立终身体育的习惯等提供一些有价值的参考。本文通过文献资料法、问卷调查法、访谈法和数理统计法对广西高校大学生课余体育行为现状进行了调查,并提出了相应的发展对策。
结果显示:有96.7%的广西大学生不同程度地参加体育活动。有47.3%的大学生能够每周参加3次或3次以上的体育活动,且男生活动频率显著高于女生。广西在校大学生的每周体育活动次数有较明显差异,男生明显比女生活动次数多。多数大学生(52.7%)每周参加体育活动的次数少于3次,不符合体育人口的标准。50.7%的大学生每次活动时间在30-60分钟之间,60分钟以上者在31.8%。而每次活动的时间少于30分钟的比例占了总数的17.5%。年级越高,每次体育活动的持续时间也长,男女生没有显著差异。男生随着年级增长锻炼时长也增长,呈现正相关关系。广西大学生课余体育运动的运动强度保持在较高水平上。广西在校大学生体育人口比例显然偏低,只占总样本总数的30.7%。年级分布呈现“两头小,中间大”的态势。课余体育运动时间安排比较合理。广西大学生最喜欢的体育项目前八位排序为:羽毛球、篮球、乒乓球、排球、游泳、武术、跑步、足球。超过一半以上的大学生选择在学校体育场馆进行体育运动。大部分(68.9%)大学生能够基本掌握1-2项运动技术。广西大学生掌握体育知识情况一般。大学生获取知识的渠道更加自主化,选择性强,46%的大学生是通过各种媒体了解到体育相关知识的。在对体育比赛关注方面,表示“很关注”者占13.3%,“一般”占66.7%,“不关心”的占20.0%。通过访谈发现,大部分在校大学生没有十分关注高水平体育赛事,水平只停留在观看体育新闻了解比赛动态和结果的程度。通过电视和网络是关注体育比赛的最主要的方式。与同伴一起参与体育活动”(68.8%)和“自己锻炼”(20.5%)是大学生课余体育锻炼的主要形式。广西大学生体育消费还处在较低水平上,以实物型体育消费为主。
广西大学生体育动机主要集中在增进健康(73.5%)、散心娱乐(45.4%)和调节紧张学习上(28.1%),这说明追求身心健康和休闲娱乐是广西大学生参与体育运动的主要动机。
超过1/3的大学生的体育态度是积极的。男生体育态度较女生更为积极。广西在校大学生表现出年级与体育态度呈正相关性。
广西大学生课余体育行为受体育态度、体育动机、锻炼后心理成就感、体育价值观方面的影响。学校体育文化氛围、学校体育场地设施情况、学业压力、自身缺乏运动技术等也是重要影响因素。
针对以上问题,提出了针对性的发展对策:开设体育理论课;学校体育改革要注意培养学生的体育兴趣和体育能力,形成正确的体育价值观念,养成体育锻炼习惯,完善高校课余体育管理组织工作,组织开展好各种单项体育俱乐部;保证学生有充足的体育锻炼时间;大力营造校园体育文化和体育氛围,积极面向全体学生开展群体比赛,可在传统的比赛项目中加入趣味性、小型多样的比赛,做到课余比赛大众参与;加强贯彻实施《全民健身计划纲要》、《国家学生体质健康标准》等我国有关的教育、体育法规制度,使学校的体育课外活动得到贯彻落实;学校体育教学内容要多样化,趣味化,提高大学生的运动技术水平和能力;加大经费投入,提高学校体育场地设施的质量和数量,为大学生课余体育活动提供好物质保证。
Extracurricular physical activity activity to enhance the student body and promote the mental health of students, their culture create a good living habits, enhance organizational discipline, strengthen the building of spiritual civilization and create a good study and school spirit, to develop conscious exercise habits, so that students can benefit from life Play an active role. Students from the schools are in the transition phase to the community, from the perspective of life, are in school sports to the community sports stage of a turning point. Therefore, a university student extracurricular physical activity training in how to conduct, but also directly affect the realization of his lifelong sports. How to make college students to consciously take part in extracurricular physical activity activity in the past and forming a lifelong habit of physical training to cope with modern social life challenges faced by, and this is before us an urgent need to address the problem.
Through this study in the Guangxi college students to participate in extracurricular physical activity activity status and factors influencing the study, college students in Guangxi to Probe into after-school sports training features, and for the better development of Guangxi college sports, rich college students after-school sports life, and improve the physical fitness of College Students health standards, and establish the habit of lifelong sports and provide some valuable reference.
Through literature, questionnaire, interviews and statistics on the after-school sports Guangxi College Students conducted a survey of the status quo, and the corresponding development of countermeasures.
The results showed that: 96.7% of the Guangxi students to participate in sports activities to varying degrees. 47.3 % of university students are able to participate in the three times per week or more than three times the sports, and the boys activities frequency was significantly higher than that of girls. In the course of the weekly sports college students have more significant differences number of boys than girls significantly more than the number of activities. The majority of college students (52.7%) the number of times a week to participate in sports less than three times the population do not meet the standard sports. 50.7 % of students in each event time between 30-60 minutes, more than 60 minutes in 31.8%. And, each time, the duration of the activity of less than 30 minutes of the proportion of the total number of 17.5%. The higher the grade, and the duration of each sports long, boys and girls there was no significant difference. With the growth grade boys at the long training also grow, showing a positive correlation between. Guangxi College Students after-school sports remain at the higher exercise intensity level. Guangxi College Students Sports proportion of the population is low, the total number of samples the total of 30.7%. Grade distribution has "two small, the middle is" posture. After-school sports schedule more reasonable. Guangxi College Students favorite sports before 8 sort: badminton, basketball, table-tennis, volleyball, swimming, martial arts, running, football. More than half of university students in the school choice for sports stadiums. The majority (68.9%) students can master the basic techniques in the campaign 1-2. Guangxi students master knowledge of the sport in general. Students acquire knowledge more independent channels, selectivity, 46 % of college students through a variety of media that is sports-related knowledge. In the sports concerns, expressed "concern", accounting for 13.3 %, "general" account for 66.7 %, "do not care" accounted for 20.0%. Interviews found that most college students not very concerned about the high level sports events, the level is still watching Sports News understand the dynamics and the outcome of the competition level. TV and sports network is the most important concern of the way. To participate in sports activities and Peer "(68.8%) and" self-training "(20.5%) students after-school sports is the main form of exercise. Guangxi University Sports consumption is still in the lower level, in-kind sports consumption-oriented.
Guangxi University Sports motivated mainly concentrated in the health promotion (73.5%), gaining entertainment (45.4%) and adjust tension learning (28.1%), the pursuit of physical and mental health, and recreational Guangxi students to participate in sports is the main motive.
More than 1 / 3 of the students of sports attitude is positive. Boys sports attitude than girls more positive. In the course of college students demonstrated grade positive attitude and sports related.
Guangxi College Students after-school sports attitude of the sports, sports motivation, training psychological sense of achievement, and the impact of sports values. School sports and cultural atmosphere, the school sports facilities, academic pressure, lack of exercise their own technology is also important influencing factors.
In view of the above problem, the targeted development measures: school sports reform, we should pay attention to cultivating their interest in sports and sports ability, the correct values of sport, to develop habits of physical activity for students to participate in physical exercise consciously lay a foundation for improving college after-school sports management organizations, good organizations of individual sports clubs, schools, families, and the whole of society to reduce the burden of students after school, and ensure that the students have adequate time for physical exercise vigorously create a campus sports culture and sports atmosphere, a positive for all groups of students to competition in the traditional competitions include fun, a variety of small game, and the public to participate in after-school competitions to enhance the implementation of the "National Fitness Program,"“National student health standards”and China-related education, Sports laws, regulations, make the school extra-curricular sports activities in the implementation of school sports teaching content should be diversified, interesting and increase the skill level of students and the ability to increase the input of funds, improve school sports facilities the quality and quantity of university students provide good after-school sports material guarantee.
引文
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