基于遗传算法的组卷系统的研究
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摘要
随着计算机技术及人工智能的发展，组卷系统的研究逐渐被越来越多的专
家学者所注意，它不仅涉及到组卷数学模型建立的问题，还包括对其应用的算
法进行研究。本文在分析国内外大量文献的基础上，基于遗传算法，针对考试
系统的自动出题问题，应用矩阵理论的知识，为组卷系统建立了一个合适的数
学模型，使我们能够在此数学模型的基础上，应用遗传算法全局寻优和智能搜
索的特性，在试题的各种属性满足数学模型的控制指标的基础上，从题库中既
快又好的抽出一组符合考方要求的试题，从而得到一份满意的试卷。组卷系统
的组卷过程还与试题库试题的属性指标有关，本文也应用模糊理论、自动反馈
的方法，对试题库试题的难度值等进行了研究，使试题库的难度系数等能够动
态的改变。在以上工作的基础上，应用Powerbuilder6.5语言，编出了一个基
于网络的考试、考务和评分系统。
组卷系统本身涉及到很多理论，本论文在对其进行研究的时候，着重通
过结合遗传算法理论，来探讨一种合适的算法解决考试系统中自动组卷的问
题，以及如何确定试题库中试题属性值的问题。由于算法问题在当前的智能教
学系统的理论研究与实际应用上所具有的重要意义，本课题的研究是十分有必
要的，它也为构建一个完善的ICAI系统打下了很好的基础。
As the development of computer technique and Artificial Intelligence, the exam
paper generating system is more and more paid attention to by a lot of scientists. It
not only comes down to the establish of mathematics model, but also relates to the
applied arithmetic. The author analyzes a great deal of articles, based on Genetic
Arithmetic, aiming at the Auto generating exam paper question of examination
system, builds a suitable mathematics model. At the same time, use the properties of
Genetic Arithmetic of full-selecting-excellent and intelligence searching, so we can
obtain a satisfying test papers from test storeroom. We also use Faintness theory and
auto feedback to research test questions attribute guidelines as the difficulty value,
then the value of difficulty can be altered dynamic. On the base of these work, the
author made a programme of testing, managing, grading system using
Powerbuilder6.5.
the exam paper generating system refers to lots of theories itself, the author
mainly use Genetic Algorithm to research a algorithm to settle the questions of test
system, and how to confirm property values of test question storeroom. Because of
the importance of algorithm on intelligence teaching system theory research and fact
applying, our research is necessary, it is the basis of building a perfect system about
Intelligence Computer Assisted Instruction.
家学者所注意，它不仅涉及到组卷数学模型建立的问题，还包括对其应用的算
法进行研究。本文在分析国内外大量文献的基础上，基于遗传算法，针对考试
系统的自动出题问题，应用矩阵理论的知识，为组卷系统建立了一个合适的数
学模型，使我们能够在此数学模型的基础上，应用遗传算法全局寻优和智能搜
索的特性，在试题的各种属性满足数学模型的控制指标的基础上，从题库中既
快又好的抽出一组符合考方要求的试题，从而得到一份满意的试卷。组卷系统
的组卷过程还与试题库试题的属性指标有关，本文也应用模糊理论、自动反馈
的方法，对试题库试题的难度值等进行了研究，使试题库的难度系数等能够动
态的改变。在以上工作的基础上，应用Powerbuilder6.5语言，编出了一个基
于网络的考试、考务和评分系统。
组卷系统本身涉及到很多理论，本论文在对其进行研究的时候，着重通
过结合遗传算法理论，来探讨一种合适的算法解决考试系统中自动组卷的问
题，以及如何确定试题库中试题属性值的问题。由于算法问题在当前的智能教
学系统的理论研究与实际应用上所具有的重要意义，本课题的研究是十分有必
要的，它也为构建一个完善的ICAI系统打下了很好的基础。
As the development of computer technique and Artificial Intelligence, the exam
paper generating system is more and more paid attention to by a lot of scientists. It
not only comes down to the establish of mathematics model, but also relates to the
applied arithmetic. The author analyzes a great deal of articles, based on Genetic
Arithmetic, aiming at the Auto generating exam paper question of examination
system, builds a suitable mathematics model. At the same time, use the properties of
Genetic Arithmetic of full-selecting-excellent and intelligence searching, so we can
obtain a satisfying test papers from test storeroom. We also use Faintness theory and
auto feedback to research test questions attribute guidelines as the difficulty value,
then the value of difficulty can be altered dynamic. On the base of these work, the
author made a programme of testing, managing, grading system using
Powerbuilder6.5.
the exam paper generating system refers to lots of theories itself, the author
mainly use Genetic Algorithm to research a algorithm to settle the questions of test
system, and how to confirm property values of test question storeroom. Because of
the importance of algorithm on intelligence teaching system theory research and fact
applying, our research is necessary, it is the basis of building a perfect system about
Intelligence Computer Assisted Instruction.
引文
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2 张海藩．软件工程导论．北京：清华大学出版社．1990：20～40．
3 陈时飚，朱巧明，杨季文，吕强．LAN平台上的CAI开发环境研究．微机发展．1999，(1)：30～35
4 丁振凡．基于WWW的远程教学软件的设计．华东交通大学学报．1999，16(3)：10～15
5 王宽全，符云清．基于WWW的计算机辅助教学环境．重庆大学学报(自然科学版)．1999，22(3)：13～17
6 J R Quinlan. Induction of induction of decision trees. Machine learning. 1986, (1): 81～106
7 W Buntine, T Niblett. A further comparison of splitting rules for decision-tree induction. Machine Learning. 1992,(8): 75～85.
8 谢政，李建平．网络算法与复杂性理论．北京：国防科技大学出版社．1995：1～20
9 Piatetsky, Shapiro. Knowledge Discovery in Databases. AAAI/MIT Press. 1991: 20～60
10 董聪．广义遗传算法．大自然探索．1998，16(1)：17～30
11 张师超，蒋运承．模糊数据库中近似相等的研究．计算机科学．1998，25(6)：24～28．
12 余建桥．预测模型获取的遗传算法研究．计算机科学．1998，25(2)：3～8
13 N Jokob. Hypertext and Hypermedia. Boston: Academic Press. 1990:23～60
14 Cockbum Andy. Which way now--analyzing and easing inadequacies in WWW navigation. International Joural of Human Computer Studies. 1996, 45(1): 30～33
15 徐文高．校园网的设计与实施．计算机与通信．1998，13(5)：22～26
16 刘向东，高丽华．网络教学浅谈．淮海工学院学报．1998，(8)：10～14
17 漆书青，戴海琦．项目反应理论及其应用研究．南昌：江西高校出版社．1992：20～35
18 刘以安，管捍权．学生模型库的设计思想和实现方法．计算机工程．1998，13(5)：20～22
19 陈颖，何钦铭，王申康．基于超文本结构的智能计算机辅助教学系统．计算机研究与发展．1998，35(5)：10～14
20 吴继耘，何丕廉，孟昭鹏，石恒军．Internet上个性化智能导航学习．计算
机应用研究。2000,3(12) : 10-20
21 Gao Yongqiang. An Introducation of Computer Based Education. Proceedings of '91 Beijing Workshop on CAI.Beijing.1991: 33-53
22 E Brent, Rector and M Joseph.Newcomer, Win32 Programming. By Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.1997: 50-70
23 B Campbell.Goodman J. HAM:a General Purpose Hypertext Machine. Comm of the ACM, 1988． 31(7) : 856-861
24 Huadong Ma, Shenquan Liu. Multimedia data modeling based on temporal logic and XYZ system. In. Proc.CAD/Graphics'97, Shenzhen. 1997: 20-44
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