锅炉补给水自动控制研究
摘要
本文通过分析锅炉补给水系统的工艺过程和工作原理,设计了基于西门子300系列PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)的锅炉补给水处理自动控制系统。
近年来,随着电厂机组参数的不断提高,对电厂锅炉补给水处理质量的要求越来越严格。由于高参数机组的设备材料对水处理运行情况比低参数机组敏感得多,补给水质量稍有降低,就会造成设备的积盐、结垢、腐蚀等危害,严重影响电厂的正常运行,降低发电厂的经济效率。所以,如何完善优化电厂锅炉补给水处理的运行就成为了电厂发展的重中之重。
本文根据锅炉补给水系统的特点,从硬件和软件两方面设计了锅炉补给水控制系统。本系统硬件采用西门子300系列PLC控制系统,系统高效、稳定；操作员站程序使用新门子WinCC软件设计,控制参数可随工艺要求进行修改、设定,具有良好的开放性,系统图形界面生动、直观,易于监视,操作简单,人机界面友好；系统具有图形组态、趋势曲线、报警记录、数据处理、报表输出等功能。工程师站程序使用西门子Step7软件设计,可实时监测系统内各种参数及设备运行状态,对控制回路进行自动控制,使设备协调、稳定地运行在最佳状态。
本系统设计可靠,抗干扰能力强,使用方便,操作简单。投入使用后,己连续运行一年以上,运行可靠。
This thesis discusses boiler make-up water treatment automatic control system by analyzing craft process and work principle of boiler make-up water system. Boiler make-up water treatment automatic control system applies Siemens S7 300 PLC.
In recent years, with the parameters of power generators continue to improve, boiler make-up water treatment in power plants increasingly stringent quality required. Because the materials of high-performance equipments is higher water sensitive than Low performance, equipment will result in salt accumulation, scaling, corrosion and other damages with a slight decrease in water quality supplies.These situations will seriously affect the normal operation of power plants and reduce the economic efficiency of power plants. So, how to improve the operation of boiler make-up water treatment becomes top priority of power plant.
Based on the characteristics of boiler feedwater system, both hardware and software of the boiler's makeup water control system are designed. The hardware of this syetem adopts Siemens 300 PLC which makes the syetem efficient and stable. The upper program is designed by using Siemens WinCC software, so the control parameters of the syetem can be modified and set with the technical requirements, it has a good openness. The interface of system graphics is vivid, intuitive and easy to monitor and operate. The system has graphical configuration, trend curves, alarm records, data processing, report output and other functions. The hypogynous program is designed by using Siemens Step7 software which possesses real-time monitor equipment operating status and various parameters of the system, make circuits controlled automatically and equipment working in best condition.
The system is reliable, easy to operate and has strong anti-interference ability. Since the system was put into use, it has continuous operation more than one year.
近年来,随着电厂机组参数的不断提高,对电厂锅炉补给水处理质量的要求越来越严格。由于高参数机组的设备材料对水处理运行情况比低参数机组敏感得多,补给水质量稍有降低,就会造成设备的积盐、结垢、腐蚀等危害,严重影响电厂的正常运行,降低发电厂的经济效率。所以,如何完善优化电厂锅炉补给水处理的运行就成为了电厂发展的重中之重。
本文根据锅炉补给水系统的特点,从硬件和软件两方面设计了锅炉补给水控制系统。本系统硬件采用西门子300系列PLC控制系统,系统高效、稳定；操作员站程序使用新门子WinCC软件设计,控制参数可随工艺要求进行修改、设定,具有良好的开放性,系统图形界面生动、直观,易于监视,操作简单,人机界面友好；系统具有图形组态、趋势曲线、报警记录、数据处理、报表输出等功能。工程师站程序使用西门子Step7软件设计,可实时监测系统内各种参数及设备运行状态,对控制回路进行自动控制,使设备协调、稳定地运行在最佳状态。
本系统设计可靠,抗干扰能力强,使用方便,操作简单。投入使用后,己连续运行一年以上,运行可靠。
This thesis discusses boiler make-up water treatment automatic control system by analyzing craft process and work principle of boiler make-up water system. Boiler make-up water treatment automatic control system applies Siemens S7 300 PLC.
In recent years, with the parameters of power generators continue to improve, boiler make-up water treatment in power plants increasingly stringent quality required. Because the materials of high-performance equipments is higher water sensitive than Low performance, equipment will result in salt accumulation, scaling, corrosion and other damages with a slight decrease in water quality supplies.These situations will seriously affect the normal operation of power plants and reduce the economic efficiency of power plants. So, how to improve the operation of boiler make-up water treatment becomes top priority of power plant.
Based on the characteristics of boiler feedwater system, both hardware and software of the boiler's makeup water control system are designed. The hardware of this syetem adopts Siemens 300 PLC which makes the syetem efficient and stable. The upper program is designed by using Siemens WinCC software, so the control parameters of the syetem can be modified and set with the technical requirements, it has a good openness. The interface of system graphics is vivid, intuitive and easy to monitor and operate. The system has graphical configuration, trend curves, alarm records, data processing, report output and other functions. The hypogynous program is designed by using Siemens Step7 software which possesses real-time monitor equipment operating status and various parameters of the system, make circuits controlled automatically and equipment working in best condition.
The system is reliable, easy to operate and has strong anti-interference ability. Since the system was put into use, it has continuous operation more than one year.
引文
[1]陈曦婉.可编程保护装置系统软件的开发与研究[D].河海大学.2007：12-16
[2]廖常初.S7-300/400 PLC应用技术[M].机械工业出版社,2005：20-24
[3]卢结成,朱少华.嵌入式CISC/DSP微处理器的研究与实现[J]电子学报,2003：1252-1254
[4]蔡昭权.工控与变频.山大学学报论丛[J].97年第3期
[5]崔坚.西门子S7可编程序控制器——STEP7编程指南[M].机械工业出版社.2008：35-37
[6]崔坚,李佳.西门子工业网络通信指南[M].机械工业出版社,2004：14-18
[7]西门子公司.STEP7-Programming with STEP7
[8]西门子公司STEP7-System and Standerd Functions for S7-300 and S7-400
[9]西门子公司.STEP7编程手册
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[12]方崇智.清华大学学报[J],1986,第26卷,第2期,69-75
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[14]崔坚,李佳.西门子工业网络通信指南[M]机械工业出版社,2004：28-68
[15]SIEMENS.Description and Operating Instructions SIMATIC NET PROFIBUS Optical Link modules SIMATIC,2008
[16]SIEMENS.PROFIBUS Network Service and Maintenance,2006
[17]DL/T 5032-1994.火力发电厂总图运输设计技术规范[S].北京：中国电力出版社,1994.
[18]DL5000-94.火力发电厂设计技术规程[S].北京：水利电力出版社,1994
[19]DLGJ16-80.火力发电厂热工自动化设计技术规定[S].北京：电力工业出版社.1980
[20]孙优贤,孙红编.锅炉设备的自动调节[M].北京：化学工业出版社,1982：43-74
[21]DL/T 5175-2003.火力发电厂热工控制系统设计技术规定[S].北京：中国电力出版社,2004
[22]顾晓栋,徐耀文.电厂热工过程自动调节[M].北京：水利电力出版社,1983：11-21
[23]中国环球化学工程公司[S].化工自控设计技术规定.1995：11-55
[24]GB/T 12145-1999.火力发电机组机系统动力设备[S].国家质量技术监督局.1999
[25]GB/T 1576-2001.工业锅炉水质[S].北京：中国标准出版社,2001
[26]DL/T 5068-1996.火力发电化学设计技术规程[S].北京：中国电力出版社,1996
[27]GB/T 109-87.工业用水软化除盐设计规范[S].北京：中国计划出版社,1988
[28]解鲁生.锅炉水处理原理与实践[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1996：21-45
[29]SDGJ5-88.火力发电水工设计技术规定[S].北京：水利电力出版社,1988
[30]水电部东北电力设计院[M].火力发电厂供水系统设计手册.1979：60-93
[31]Siemens AG.Statement List (STL) for S7-300 and S7-400 Programming Reference Manual,2002
[32]Siemens AGLadder Logic (LAD) for S7-300 and S7-400 Programming Referemce Manual,2002
[33]Siemens AG.Function Block Diagram (FBD) for S7-300 and S7-400 Programming Referemce Manual,2002
[34]Siemens AG.S7 Graph V5.2for S7-300/400 Progrmming Sequential Control Systems Manual,2002
[35]Siemens AG.S7-PLCSIM V5.2 User Manual,2002
[36]Siemens AG.Standard PID Control Manual,2003
[37]Siemens AG.Programming with STEP 7 V5.2 Manual,2003
[38]Siemens AG.Working with STEP 7 V5.Getting Started,2002
[39]Siemens AG.System Software for S7-300/400System and Standard Functions Reference Manual,2002
[40]Siemens AG.Standard Software for S7-300 and S7-400 Standard Functions Part 2 Reference Manual,2002
[41]Siemens AGConfiguring Hardware and Communication Connections STEP 7 V5.2 Manual,2002
[42]Siemens AG.Hardware and Installation:CPU 312IFM-318-2 DP,2003
[43]Siemens AG.S7-300 and M7-300 Programmable Controllers Module Specifications Frference Manual,2001
[44]Siemens AG.CPU 31xC and CPU 31x Reference Manual,2003
[45]Siemens AG.CPu 31 xC Technological Functions Manual,2003
[46]Siemens AG.CPU 31xC and CPU 31x Installation Manual,2003
[47]Siemens AG.S7-400 and M7-400 Programmable Controllers Hardware and Installation Manual,1999
[48]Siemens AGAutomation System S7-400 CPu Specifications Reference Manual,2002
[49]Siemens AG.S7-400,N7-400 Programmable Controllers Module Specifications Reference Manual,2003
[50]PROFIBUS Trade Organization PTO.PROFIBUS System Description,Karlsruhe germany,2002
[51]Siemens AG.CP 340 Point-to-Point Communication Installation and Parameter Assignmnet Manual,2002
[52]Siemens AG.CP 341 Point-to-Point Communication Installation and Parameter Assignmnet Manual,2000
[53]Siemens AGProdave Operation Instructions,2004
[54]李雪梅.工厂电气与可编程序控制器应用技术[M].中国水利水电出版社,2006：25-49
[55]杨炳儒.布尔代数及其泛化结构[M].科学出版社,2008：108-117
[56]燕居怀,张明海.单片机原理及应用[M].中国电力出版社,2010：29-74
[57]宋文绪,杨帆.传感器与检测技术[M].高等教育出版社,2009：32-51
[58]赵红顺.电工基础[M].中国电力出版社,2010：26-99
[59]许志军,王光福.电气自动化控制技术实训教程[M].电子科技大学出版社,2008：43-54
[60]陆培文.调节阀实用技术[M].机械工业出版社,2006：12-53
[61]容太平,谭文群.信号与系统[M]华中理工大学出版社,2010：33-74
[62]李勤.程序设计技术[M].高等教育出版社,2010：23-94
[63]李承.电路原理与电机控制[M].清华大学出版社,2008：77-88
[2]廖常初.S7-300/400 PLC应用技术[M].机械工业出版社,2005：20-24
[3]卢结成,朱少华.嵌入式CISC/DSP微处理器的研究与实现[J]电子学报,2003：1252-1254
[4]蔡昭权.工控与变频.山大学学报论丛[J].97年第3期
[5]崔坚.西门子S7可编程序控制器——STEP7编程指南[M].机械工业出版社.2008：35-37
[6]崔坚,李佳.西门子工业网络通信指南[M].机械工业出版社,2004：14-18
[7]西门子公司.STEP7-Programming with STEP7
[8]西门子公司STEP7-System and Standerd Functions for S7-300 and S7-400
[9]西门子公司.STEP7编程手册
[10]西门子公司.STEP7模板规范手册.
[11]廖常初.PLC基础及应用[M].机械工业出版社,2003：46-60
[12]方崇智.清华大学学报[J],1986,第26卷,第2期,69-75
[13]刘凯,周海.深入浅出西门子S7-300PLC[M].北京航空航天大学出版社,2004：11-89
[14]崔坚,李佳.西门子工业网络通信指南[M]机械工业出版社,2004：28-68
[15]SIEMENS.Description and Operating Instructions SIMATIC NET PROFIBUS Optical Link modules SIMATIC,2008
[16]SIEMENS.PROFIBUS Network Service and Maintenance,2006
[17]DL/T 5032-1994.火力发电厂总图运输设计技术规范[S].北京：中国电力出版社,1994.
[18]DL5000-94.火力发电厂设计技术规程[S].北京：水利电力出版社,1994
[19]DLGJ16-80.火力发电厂热工自动化设计技术规定[S].北京：电力工业出版社.1980
[20]孙优贤,孙红编.锅炉设备的自动调节[M].北京：化学工业出版社,1982：43-74
[21]DL/T 5175-2003.火力发电厂热工控制系统设计技术规定[S].北京：中国电力出版社,2004
[22]顾晓栋,徐耀文.电厂热工过程自动调节[M].北京：水利电力出版社,1983：11-21
[23]中国环球化学工程公司[S].化工自控设计技术规定.1995：11-55
[24]GB/T 12145-1999.火力发电机组机系统动力设备[S].国家质量技术监督局.1999
[25]GB/T 1576-2001.工业锅炉水质[S].北京：中国标准出版社,2001
[26]DL/T 5068-1996.火力发电化学设计技术规程[S].北京：中国电力出版社,1996
[27]GB/T 109-87.工业用水软化除盐设计规范[S].北京：中国计划出版社,1988
[28]解鲁生.锅炉水处理原理与实践[S].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1996：21-45
[29]SDGJ5-88.火力发电水工设计技术规定[S].北京：水利电力出版社,1988
[30]水电部东北电力设计院[M].火力发电厂供水系统设计手册.1979：60-93
[31]Siemens AG.Statement List (STL) for S7-300 and S7-400 Programming Reference Manual,2002
[32]Siemens AGLadder Logic (LAD) for S7-300 and S7-400 Programming Referemce Manual,2002
[33]Siemens AG.Function Block Diagram (FBD) for S7-300 and S7-400 Programming Referemce Manual,2002
[34]Siemens AG.S7 Graph V5.2for S7-300/400 Progrmming Sequential Control Systems Manual,2002
[35]Siemens AG.S7-PLCSIM V5.2 User Manual,2002
[36]Siemens AG.Standard PID Control Manual,2003
[37]Siemens AG.Programming with STEP 7 V5.2 Manual,2003
[38]Siemens AG.Working with STEP 7 V5.Getting Started,2002
[39]Siemens AG.System Software for S7-300/400System and Standard Functions Reference Manual,2002
[40]Siemens AG.Standard Software for S7-300 and S7-400 Standard Functions Part 2 Reference Manual,2002
[41]Siemens AGConfiguring Hardware and Communication Connections STEP 7 V5.2 Manual,2002
[42]Siemens AG.Hardware and Installation:CPU 312IFM-318-2 DP,2003
[43]Siemens AG.S7-300 and M7-300 Programmable Controllers Module Specifications Frference Manual,2001
[44]Siemens AG.CPU 31xC and CPU 31x Reference Manual,2003
[45]Siemens AG.CPu 31 xC Technological Functions Manual,2003
[46]Siemens AG.CPU 31xC and CPU 31x Installation Manual,2003
[47]Siemens AG.S7-400 and M7-400 Programmable Controllers Hardware and Installation Manual,1999
[48]Siemens AGAutomation System S7-400 CPu Specifications Reference Manual,2002
[49]Siemens AG.S7-400,N7-400 Programmable Controllers Module Specifications Reference Manual,2003
[50]PROFIBUS Trade Organization PTO.PROFIBUS System Description,Karlsruhe germany,2002
[51]Siemens AG.CP 340 Point-to-Point Communication Installation and Parameter Assignmnet Manual,2002
[52]Siemens AG.CP 341 Point-to-Point Communication Installation and Parameter Assignmnet Manual,2000
[53]Siemens AGProdave Operation Instructions,2004
[54]李雪梅.工厂电气与可编程序控制器应用技术[M].中国水利水电出版社,2006：25-49
[55]杨炳儒.布尔代数及其泛化结构[M].科学出版社,2008：108-117
[56]燕居怀,张明海.单片机原理及应用[M].中国电力出版社,2010：29-74
[57]宋文绪,杨帆.传感器与检测技术[M].高等教育出版社,2009：32-51
[58]赵红顺.电工基础[M].中国电力出版社,2010：26-99
[59]许志军,王光福.电气自动化控制技术实训教程[M].电子科技大学出版社,2008：43-54
[60]陆培文.调节阀实用技术[M].机械工业出版社,2006：12-53
[61]容太平,谭文群.信号与系统[M]华中理工大学出版社,2010：33-74
[62]李勤.程序设计技术[M].高等教育出版社,2010：23-94
[63]李承.电路原理与电机控制[M].清华大学出版社,2008：77-88