高温高压三相介质煤吸附瓦斯机理与吸附模型
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摘要
我国是一个缺油少气富煤的国家，煤炭是主要能源，深部煤炭及煤层气资源储量丰富。瓦斯（煤层气）与煤同生共体，主要以吸附态存在，煤的吸附能力是影响煤层含气量的关键因素之一。煤及煤储层的吸附实质上是一定温压条件下固、气、液三相介质耦合作用的结果，深部煤层三相介质条件的变化，对煤吸附瓦斯的控制机理还不明确。
针对深部煤层开采所面临的瓦斯灾害防治问题，论文研究在借鉴前人已有成果的基础上，基于煤岩学、瓦斯（煤层气）地质学、力学、物理化学及界面化学、统计热动力学、物理模拟和数值模拟等学科理论，分析了深部煤层温度、压力以及固、液、气三相介质的变化特征，分别选用褐煤、气煤、焦煤和无烟煤作为研究煤样，综合采用常规测试、孔隙结构测试和化学组成分析等测试手段和方法，对不同含水率煤样、不同浓度比例的混合气体进行高温高压吸附实验，深入研究了高温高压三相介质条件下煤吸附瓦斯的控制机理和吸附模型。论文研究取得了以下主要进展：
（1）基于煤孔隙表面的非均匀特征和非均匀固体的物理吸附理论，引入煤的分形维数，提出了煤的综合分形维数，建立了高温高压三相介质条件下煤吸附瓦斯的Fractal-Langmuir数学模型。与传统的Langmuir模型相比，新模型精度高，具有更普遍的理论意义。
（2）对深部煤层的含水率进行了物理模拟和数值模拟，结果显示：在煤级相同的前提下，埋藏深度增加，煤层温度升高，煤层含水率减小，但到达一定埋藏深度后，温度因素可能不再对煤层含水率产生影响；建立了平衡水分含量与温度和煤级的综合数值模型。
（3）高温高压平衡水条件下煤吸附瓦斯的实验结果显示，相同压力条件下，不同煤级，温度与水分对煤的吸附影响存在差异，温度对褐煤的吸附影响大于水分的影响；温度对焦煤的吸附影响小于水分的影响；而气煤和无烟煤表现为：30℃向40℃过渡时，温度的影响小于水分的影响；40℃向50℃过渡时，温度的影响大于水分的影响。
（4）对深部煤层进行等温吸附实验研究时，应该选用与模拟深度相对应的温度下平衡水含量的煤样；最高实验验压力宜设置为煤层实际压力的1.2倍。
It is short of petroleum and gas but rich in coal in our country, and coal is the mainenergy which is an important strategic position in national economy and socialdevelopment. The prediction results of Coal and CBM resource shows that there areabundant coal and CBM resource in the deep coalbed of our country. Virtually, theadsorption of coal and coal reservoir is solid, gas, liquid three-phase media couplingresult in a certain temperature and pressure. Gas (CBM) and coal are generated at thesame time and methane as the main component and mainly adsorbed into the coalbed,the adsorbability of coal bed is the one of key factor to effect gas content. Thecontrolling mechanism of changes of deep coalbed three-phase medium to coal adsorbgas is unclear.
Facing the problem of gas disaster prevention and control of deep coalbed mining,in drawing on previous research results and based on coal petrology, gas (CBM)geology, mechanics, physical chemistry and interface chemistry, statisticalthermodynamics, physical modeling and numerical simulation theory and otherdiscipline theory, analyse the variation of deep coalbed temperature, pressure andthree-phase media (solid, liquid and gas), selecting four coal samples that lignite fromBeizao mine, Longkou mining area, Shandong province, gas coal from Caiyuan mine,Weishan, Jining Shandong province, coking coal from Xiqv mine, Gujiao mining areaShanxi province and anthracite from Guhanshan mine Jiaozuo mining area, Henanprovince as the study samples, comprehensive use the methods of routine test, porestructure test, chemical composition analysis and others to do high temperature highpressure adsorption experiment of coal samples at different moisture content anddifferent concentration proportion of the gas mixture, coupling analyse the effect oftemperature, pressure, moisture, coal rank, microstructure and petrological composition,chemical composition and other characteristics for gas adsorption, exploring thedynamic control mechanism of adsorbtion on coal at high temperature and high pressurethree-phase medium. The coal fracture dimension was introduced to characterize itsinhomogeneity of complex structure and to establish the Fractal-Langmuir mathematicalmodel base on the physical adsorption theory of inhomogeneous solid.
The study shows that the geological features of deep coalbed are high temperature,high pressure and low water content. The coalbed temperature increases with the burialdepth increasing, but it causes low adsorption and low moisture content with thetemperature elevated. While the the adsorption increased because of the elevatedmoisture content.The experiment results show that the VF-Lof wood coal decreases withincreasing temperature, but it is in contrast with the situation about coking coal. In thesame pressure conditions, there are differences in the effects of the different coal rank,temperature and moisture on the adsorption of coal. So, the characteristical results ofthis adsorption experiments are due to the combined effects of temperature and pressureand water content. The coal samples of equilibrium water corresponding to thetemperature shoud be selected and the highest experimental pressure is usually set to1.2times the actual coalbed to carry out adsorption experiments on deep coalbed. There arefeatures of the theoretical significance of widespread and high accuracy on theFractal-Langmuir adsorption model.
针对深部煤层开采所面临的瓦斯灾害防治问题，论文研究在借鉴前人已有成果的基础上，基于煤岩学、瓦斯（煤层气）地质学、力学、物理化学及界面化学、统计热动力学、物理模拟和数值模拟等学科理论，分析了深部煤层温度、压力以及固、液、气三相介质的变化特征，分别选用褐煤、气煤、焦煤和无烟煤作为研究煤样，综合采用常规测试、孔隙结构测试和化学组成分析等测试手段和方法，对不同含水率煤样、不同浓度比例的混合气体进行高温高压吸附实验，深入研究了高温高压三相介质条件下煤吸附瓦斯的控制机理和吸附模型。论文研究取得了以下主要进展：
（1）基于煤孔隙表面的非均匀特征和非均匀固体的物理吸附理论，引入煤的分形维数，提出了煤的综合分形维数，建立了高温高压三相介质条件下煤吸附瓦斯的Fractal-Langmuir数学模型。与传统的Langmuir模型相比，新模型精度高，具有更普遍的理论意义。
（2）对深部煤层的含水率进行了物理模拟和数值模拟，结果显示：在煤级相同的前提下，埋藏深度增加，煤层温度升高，煤层含水率减小，但到达一定埋藏深度后，温度因素可能不再对煤层含水率产生影响；建立了平衡水分含量与温度和煤级的综合数值模型。
（3）高温高压平衡水条件下煤吸附瓦斯的实验结果显示，相同压力条件下，不同煤级，温度与水分对煤的吸附影响存在差异，温度对褐煤的吸附影响大于水分的影响；温度对焦煤的吸附影响小于水分的影响；而气煤和无烟煤表现为：30℃向40℃过渡时，温度的影响小于水分的影响；40℃向50℃过渡时，温度的影响大于水分的影响。
（4）对深部煤层进行等温吸附实验研究时，应该选用与模拟深度相对应的温度下平衡水含量的煤样；最高实验验压力宜设置为煤层实际压力的1.2倍。
It is short of petroleum and gas but rich in coal in our country, and coal is the mainenergy which is an important strategic position in national economy and socialdevelopment. The prediction results of Coal and CBM resource shows that there areabundant coal and CBM resource in the deep coalbed of our country. Virtually, theadsorption of coal and coal reservoir is solid, gas, liquid three-phase media couplingresult in a certain temperature and pressure. Gas (CBM) and coal are generated at thesame time and methane as the main component and mainly adsorbed into the coalbed,the adsorbability of coal bed is the one of key factor to effect gas content. Thecontrolling mechanism of changes of deep coalbed three-phase medium to coal adsorbgas is unclear.
Facing the problem of gas disaster prevention and control of deep coalbed mining,in drawing on previous research results and based on coal petrology, gas (CBM)geology, mechanics, physical chemistry and interface chemistry, statisticalthermodynamics, physical modeling and numerical simulation theory and otherdiscipline theory, analyse the variation of deep coalbed temperature, pressure andthree-phase media (solid, liquid and gas), selecting four coal samples that lignite fromBeizao mine, Longkou mining area, Shandong province, gas coal from Caiyuan mine,Weishan, Jining Shandong province, coking coal from Xiqv mine, Gujiao mining areaShanxi province and anthracite from Guhanshan mine Jiaozuo mining area, Henanprovince as the study samples, comprehensive use the methods of routine test, porestructure test, chemical composition analysis and others to do high temperature highpressure adsorption experiment of coal samples at different moisture content anddifferent concentration proportion of the gas mixture, coupling analyse the effect oftemperature, pressure, moisture, coal rank, microstructure and petrological composition,chemical composition and other characteristics for gas adsorption, exploring thedynamic control mechanism of adsorbtion on coal at high temperature and high pressurethree-phase medium. The coal fracture dimension was introduced to characterize itsinhomogeneity of complex structure and to establish the Fractal-Langmuir mathematicalmodel base on the physical adsorption theory of inhomogeneous solid.
The study shows that the geological features of deep coalbed are high temperature,high pressure and low water content. The coalbed temperature increases with the burialdepth increasing, but it causes low adsorption and low moisture content with thetemperature elevated. While the the adsorption increased because of the elevatedmoisture content.The experiment results show that the VF-Lof wood coal decreases withincreasing temperature, but it is in contrast with the situation about coking coal. In thesame pressure conditions, there are differences in the effects of the different coal rank,temperature and moisture on the adsorption of coal. So, the characteristical results ofthis adsorption experiments are due to the combined effects of temperature and pressureand water content. The coal samples of equilibrium water corresponding to thetemperature shoud be selected and the highest experimental pressure is usually set to1.2times the actual coalbed to carry out adsorption experiments on deep coalbed. There arefeatures of the theoretical significance of widespread and high accuracy on theFractal-Langmuir adsorption model.
引文
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