郑州枢纽郑州站西出口工程施工过程风险控制研究
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摘要
近年来,建设工程领域蓬勃发展,为施工企业带来了良好的发展机遇。施工企业在建设项目施工过程中,以质量控制为立足之基石,以风险控制来规避、弱化风险,不但能在激烈的市场竞争中站稳脚跟,而且还能占据主动和优势,具备更强的市场竞争力,在市场的优胜劣汰规则中胜出并不断发展壮大。风险控制在施工企业项目管理中具有举足轻重的作用。施工企业在项目实施过程中进行有效的风险控制,能够使施工过程控制方向明确化,过程有序可控,减少风险率,降低风险水平,保证工程项目顺利实施,从而使企业在施工过程中控制好施工质量,规避风险,减少损失,提高利润,增强企业市场竞争力。
本文以施工企业的立场,以郑州枢纽郑州车站西出口工程在项目实施过程中的风险控制为例,论述了项目风险管理中施工企业采取的常规措施,同时分析了郑州车站西出口工程风险控制措施。西出口工程施工过程中,项目部根据工程分阶段、分时期、分部位实施的特点,在采取常规风险控制手段的同时,对不同时期可能存在的风险以“攻关”式的方式进行克服和控制,最终达到了控制风险的目的。全文共分四个部分,第1章是绪论,介绍选题背景、依据及本文研究的目的、意义及主要内容。第2章介绍了施工项目风险控制的相关理论,阐述了风险控制的含义、目标和必要性,同时介绍了风险辨识、评价、分析及风险应对的相关理论。第3章论述了施工过程中常规风险应对及控制措施。第4章介绍了西出口工程的背景、工程内容及特点,同时阐述分析了西出口工程“攻关”式风险控制策略和具体的实施措施。
During recent years, the construction engineering field is growing vigorously, and it brings good developing opportunities to the construction companies. During the project construction, the construction company shall take quality control as its footstone, and control risks to void and reduce risks, which can provide the company with a place in the marketing competition, and also bring initiative and advantages to the company, to assist it with more powerful market competitive force. All of the above will make the company survive in the cruel competition, and become stronger and stronger. Risk control plays a fundamental role in the construction project management. Risk control can promote the company to take a scientific and rational decision making, reduce the decision-making risk, and increase the decision-making quality during the project construction. It can guarantee the smooth operation and increase the economic benefit of the construction.
This paper, from the standpoint of a construction company, an example of the risk control in the project implementation process of Zhengzhou west exit railway station, the conventional measures of construction enterprises in the project risk management to take, and analyzes the Zhengzhou west station export project risk control measures. The construction process of west exit project, the project department according to the engineering phase, period, partial implementation characteristics, taking conventional means of risk control at the same time, in different period of possible risks to overcome and control to 'research'style, eventually reaching the risk control purpose.There are4chapters in this paper. The first chapter was the introduction which first introduced the research's background and basis, and then the purpose, significance and the main contents of this study. In the second chapters, some related theory about the construction project the risk control were introduced respectively, and the meaning, target and the necessity of risk control were elaborated. The third chapter discusses the construction process of conventional risk control measures. The fourth chapter introduces the background, content and characteristics of the west exit engineering, and elaborates the west exit project "research" risk control strategy and measures.
本文以施工企业的立场,以郑州枢纽郑州车站西出口工程在项目实施过程中的风险控制为例,论述了项目风险管理中施工企业采取的常规措施,同时分析了郑州车站西出口工程风险控制措施。西出口工程施工过程中,项目部根据工程分阶段、分时期、分部位实施的特点,在采取常规风险控制手段的同时,对不同时期可能存在的风险以“攻关”式的方式进行克服和控制,最终达到了控制风险的目的。全文共分四个部分,第1章是绪论,介绍选题背景、依据及本文研究的目的、意义及主要内容。第2章介绍了施工项目风险控制的相关理论,阐述了风险控制的含义、目标和必要性,同时介绍了风险辨识、评价、分析及风险应对的相关理论。第3章论述了施工过程中常规风险应对及控制措施。第4章介绍了西出口工程的背景、工程内容及特点,同时阐述分析了西出口工程“攻关”式风险控制策略和具体的实施措施。
During recent years, the construction engineering field is growing vigorously, and it brings good developing opportunities to the construction companies. During the project construction, the construction company shall take quality control as its footstone, and control risks to void and reduce risks, which can provide the company with a place in the marketing competition, and also bring initiative and advantages to the company, to assist it with more powerful market competitive force. All of the above will make the company survive in the cruel competition, and become stronger and stronger. Risk control plays a fundamental role in the construction project management. Risk control can promote the company to take a scientific and rational decision making, reduce the decision-making risk, and increase the decision-making quality during the project construction. It can guarantee the smooth operation and increase the economic benefit of the construction.
This paper, from the standpoint of a construction company, an example of the risk control in the project implementation process of Zhengzhou west exit railway station, the conventional measures of construction enterprises in the project risk management to take, and analyzes the Zhengzhou west station export project risk control measures. The construction process of west exit project, the project department according to the engineering phase, period, partial implementation characteristics, taking conventional means of risk control at the same time, in different period of possible risks to overcome and control to 'research'style, eventually reaching the risk control purpose.There are4chapters in this paper. The first chapter was the introduction which first introduced the research's background and basis, and then the purpose, significance and the main contents of this study. In the second chapters, some related theory about the construction project the risk control were introduced respectively, and the meaning, target and the necessity of risk control were elaborated. The third chapter discusses the construction process of conventional risk control measures. The fourth chapter introduces the background, content and characteristics of the west exit engineering, and elaborates the west exit project "research" risk control strategy and measures.
引文
[1]孟宪海.法国建设管理体制的特点及其研究[J].建筑经济,1999(7)：6-9.
[2]孟宪海.美国建设管理体制的特点及其研究[J].建筑经济,1999(8)：34-37.
[3]居立岗.加入WTO后工程质量监督机构的发展趋势与监督模式的探索[J].工程质量,2004(6)：3-5.
[4]《在我国建立程见风险管理制度研究》课题组.建设领域应大力推形工程担保或工程保险制度一对我国建立工程风险管理制度的研究[J].建筑经济,2003(9)：5-10.
[5]黄有良.建筑工程的质量控制[J].中国西部科技,2006(10)：26-28.
[6]万勇.推行与提高建筑施工质量[J].价值工程.2002(4)：52-53.
[7]孟宪海.日木建设管理体制的特点及其研究[J].建筑经济,1999,9：37-40.
[8]汪建新,徐莉.论品牌的价值构成体系[J].江西社会科学,2003,9,32(11)：58-61.
[9]侯光明,李存金.管理非合作博弈机制式表述[J].中国管理科学.2002,10(3)：86-90.
[10]侯光明,甘初初.激励与约束[J].价值工程,1988,6：43-45.
[11]郑长德,张维武.现代企业经营者寻租行为的博弈分析[J].西南民族学院学报,2002,28(3)：338-344.
[12]解春香.住宅工程质量及管理的分析[J].低温建筑技术,2000(1)：71-72.
[13]罗伟其.关于管理信息系统的综合集成研究问题[J].控制理论与应用,2000.17(1)：56-60.
[14]周三多,陈传明.管理学原理与方法[M].上海：复旦大学出版社,2001：259-263.
[15]杨杰,方俐洛,凌文辁.对绩效评价的若干基本问题的思考[J].中国管理科学,2000,8(4)：74-79.
[16]梁爽,毕继红,刘津明.建筑工程质量等级的模糊综合评判法[J].天津大学学报,2001,34(5)：664-669.
[17]邓晶,刘媛.浅谈工程项目管理中的质量控制[J].河南建材,2010(1)：93-94.
[18]姚红卫.工程项目管理中的质量控制初探[J].中国水运,2006(2)：86-87.
[19]陈舒平.建筑工程项目质量管理与评价方法研究[J].中国水运,2010(4)：99-100.
[20]苏强,陈剑.质量管理层次结构模型[J].清华大学学报,1999,39(10)：124-127.
[21]黄智超.浅谈项目管理及工程的质量控制[J].广东科技,2010(5)：31-33.
[22]于雪梅.加强项目管理搞好工程总承包的质量控制[J].项目管理,2003,12(1)：24-27.
[23]贺辉跃.工程项目管理中的质量控制[J].中国科技信息,2007,17(7)：34-36.
[24]汪文军.浅谈建设工程监理中质量控制方法明.商品储运与养护,2007(05)：107-108.
[25]李黄茹,李锦华.工程项目质量控制存在问题及对策分析明.河北建筑工程学院学报,1998(03).23-26.
[26]李戎.论影响工程质量的因素及质量控制措施[J].科技情报开发与经济,2009,6(6)：25-28.
[27]黄静.浅谈工程项目的质量控制田.铜业工程,2002,5(2).14-18.
[28]吴增杰.中美建设工程风险管理体系比较研究[J].建筑经济,1999,1：24-26.
[29]孔军.监理单位工作质量监控评价系统的研究[J1.山东建筑工程学院学报,2002,2(7).26-29.
[30]郝宗良.关于设计阶段工程造价的控制[J].西华大学学报(自然科学版),2004,2(3).25-29.
[31]Jorgen Bode, Richard Y.K.Fung.Cost Engineering with Quality Function Deployment[J]. Computers Industrial Engineering,1998,35(1):3-4.
[32]J.Fisher,C.Kirk,D.Taylor, The implications of TQM for R&D strategy in New Zealand firms[J]. Technovation 1995,15(2):38-43.
[33]Rhee.Seung J, Ishii.Kosuke. Using cost based FMEA to enhance reliability and serviceability[J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics,2003,17(5):3-4.
[34]Chen Ye-Sho,Tang Kwei.A pictorial approach to poor-quality cost management [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1992,39(2):149-157.
[35]Jurgen Bode,Richard Y.K.Fung.Cost Engineering with Quality Function Deployment[JJ. Computers Industrial Engineering,1998,.
[36]J.Fisher,C.Kirk,D.Taylor, The implications of TQM for R&D strategy in New Zealand firms [J]. Technovation 1995,.
[37]Rhee.Seung J, Ishii.Kosuke. Using cost based FMEA to enhance reliability and serviceability [J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics,2003.
[38]Chen Ye-Sho,Tang Kwei.A pictorial approach to poor-quality cost management [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1992.
[39]Jurgen Bode,Richard Y.K.Fung.Cost Engineering with Quality Function Deployment[J]. Computers Industrial Engineering,1998,35(1):3-4.
[40]J.Fisher,C.Kirk,D.Taylor, The implications of TQM for R&D strategy in New Zealand firms[J]. Technovation 1995,15(2):38-43.
[41]Rhee.Seung J, Ishii.Kosuke. Using cost based FMEA to enhance reliability and serviceability[J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics,2003,17(5):3-4.
[42]Chen Ye-Sho,Tang Kwei.A pictorial approach to poor-quality cost management [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1992,39(2):149-157.
[43]Jurgen Bode,Richard Y.K.Fung.Cost Engineering with Quality Function Deployment[J]. Computers Industrial Engineering,1998,.
[44]J.Fisher,C.Kirk,D.Taylor, The implications of TQM for R&D strategy in New Zealand firms [J]. Technovation 1995,.
[45]Rhee.Seung J, Ishii.Kosuke. Using cost based FMEA to enhance reliability and serviceability [J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics,2003.
[46]Chen Ye-Sho,Tang Kwei.A pictorial approach to poor-quality cost management [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,,1992.
[47]Jurgen Bode,Richard Y.K.Fung.Cost Engineering with Quality Function Deployment[J]. Computers Industrial Engineering,1998,35(1):3-4.
[48]J.Fisher,C.Kirk,D.Taylor, The implications of TQM for R&D strategy in New Zealand firms[J].Technovation1995,15(2):38-43.
[49]Rhee.Seung J, Ishii.Kosuke. Using cost based FMEA to enhance reliability and serviceability[J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics,2003,17(5):3-4.
[50]Chen Ye-Sho,Tang Kwei.A pictorial approach to poor-quality cost management [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1992,39(2):149-157.
[2]孟宪海.美国建设管理体制的特点及其研究[J].建筑经济,1999(8)：34-37.
[3]居立岗.加入WTO后工程质量监督机构的发展趋势与监督模式的探索[J].工程质量,2004(6)：3-5.
[4]《在我国建立程见风险管理制度研究》课题组.建设领域应大力推形工程担保或工程保险制度一对我国建立工程风险管理制度的研究[J].建筑经济,2003(9)：5-10.
[5]黄有良.建筑工程的质量控制[J].中国西部科技,2006(10)：26-28.
[6]万勇.推行与提高建筑施工质量[J].价值工程.2002(4)：52-53.
[7]孟宪海.日木建设管理体制的特点及其研究[J].建筑经济,1999,9：37-40.
[8]汪建新,徐莉.论品牌的价值构成体系[J].江西社会科学,2003,9,32(11)：58-61.
[9]侯光明,李存金.管理非合作博弈机制式表述[J].中国管理科学.2002,10(3)：86-90.
[10]侯光明,甘初初.激励与约束[J].价值工程,1988,6：43-45.
[11]郑长德,张维武.现代企业经营者寻租行为的博弈分析[J].西南民族学院学报,2002,28(3)：338-344.
[12]解春香.住宅工程质量及管理的分析[J].低温建筑技术,2000(1)：71-72.
[13]罗伟其.关于管理信息系统的综合集成研究问题[J].控制理论与应用,2000.17(1)：56-60.
[14]周三多,陈传明.管理学原理与方法[M].上海：复旦大学出版社,2001：259-263.
[15]杨杰,方俐洛,凌文辁.对绩效评价的若干基本问题的思考[J].中国管理科学,2000,8(4)：74-79.
[16]梁爽,毕继红,刘津明.建筑工程质量等级的模糊综合评判法[J].天津大学学报,2001,34(5)：664-669.
[17]邓晶,刘媛.浅谈工程项目管理中的质量控制[J].河南建材,2010(1)：93-94.
[18]姚红卫.工程项目管理中的质量控制初探[J].中国水运,2006(2)：86-87.
[19]陈舒平.建筑工程项目质量管理与评价方法研究[J].中国水运,2010(4)：99-100.
[20]苏强,陈剑.质量管理层次结构模型[J].清华大学学报,1999,39(10)：124-127.
[21]黄智超.浅谈项目管理及工程的质量控制[J].广东科技,2010(5)：31-33.
[22]于雪梅.加强项目管理搞好工程总承包的质量控制[J].项目管理,2003,12(1)：24-27.
[23]贺辉跃.工程项目管理中的质量控制[J].中国科技信息,2007,17(7)：34-36.
[24]汪文军.浅谈建设工程监理中质量控制方法明.商品储运与养护,2007(05)：107-108.
[25]李黄茹,李锦华.工程项目质量控制存在问题及对策分析明.河北建筑工程学院学报,1998(03).23-26.
[26]李戎.论影响工程质量的因素及质量控制措施[J].科技情报开发与经济,2009,6(6)：25-28.
[27]黄静.浅谈工程项目的质量控制田.铜业工程,2002,5(2).14-18.
[28]吴增杰.中美建设工程风险管理体系比较研究[J].建筑经济,1999,1：24-26.
[29]孔军.监理单位工作质量监控评价系统的研究[J1.山东建筑工程学院学报,2002,2(7).26-29.
[30]郝宗良.关于设计阶段工程造价的控制[J].西华大学学报(自然科学版),2004,2(3).25-29.
[31]Jorgen Bode, Richard Y.K.Fung.Cost Engineering with Quality Function Deployment[J]. Computers Industrial Engineering,1998,35(1):3-4.
[32]J.Fisher,C.Kirk,D.Taylor, The implications of TQM for R&D strategy in New Zealand firms[J]. Technovation 1995,15(2):38-43.
[33]Rhee.Seung J, Ishii.Kosuke. Using cost based FMEA to enhance reliability and serviceability[J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics,2003,17(5):3-4.
[34]Chen Ye-Sho,Tang Kwei.A pictorial approach to poor-quality cost management [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1992,39(2):149-157.
[35]Jurgen Bode,Richard Y.K.Fung.Cost Engineering with Quality Function Deployment[JJ. Computers Industrial Engineering,1998,.
[36]J.Fisher,C.Kirk,D.Taylor, The implications of TQM for R&D strategy in New Zealand firms [J]. Technovation 1995,.
[37]Rhee.Seung J, Ishii.Kosuke. Using cost based FMEA to enhance reliability and serviceability [J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics,2003.
[38]Chen Ye-Sho,Tang Kwei.A pictorial approach to poor-quality cost management [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1992.
[39]Jurgen Bode,Richard Y.K.Fung.Cost Engineering with Quality Function Deployment[J]. Computers Industrial Engineering,1998,35(1):3-4.
[40]J.Fisher,C.Kirk,D.Taylor, The implications of TQM for R&D strategy in New Zealand firms[J]. Technovation 1995,15(2):38-43.
[41]Rhee.Seung J, Ishii.Kosuke. Using cost based FMEA to enhance reliability and serviceability[J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics,2003,17(5):3-4.
[42]Chen Ye-Sho,Tang Kwei.A pictorial approach to poor-quality cost management [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1992,39(2):149-157.
[43]Jurgen Bode,Richard Y.K.Fung.Cost Engineering with Quality Function Deployment[J]. Computers Industrial Engineering,1998,.
[44]J.Fisher,C.Kirk,D.Taylor, The implications of TQM for R&D strategy in New Zealand firms [J]. Technovation 1995,.
[45]Rhee.Seung J, Ishii.Kosuke. Using cost based FMEA to enhance reliability and serviceability [J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics,2003.
[46]Chen Ye-Sho,Tang Kwei.A pictorial approach to poor-quality cost management [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,,1992.
[47]Jurgen Bode,Richard Y.K.Fung.Cost Engineering with Quality Function Deployment[J]. Computers Industrial Engineering,1998,35(1):3-4.
[48]J.Fisher,C.Kirk,D.Taylor, The implications of TQM for R&D strategy in New Zealand firms[J].Technovation1995,15(2):38-43.
[49]Rhee.Seung J, Ishii.Kosuke. Using cost based FMEA to enhance reliability and serviceability[J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics,2003,17(5):3-4.
[50]Chen Ye-Sho,Tang Kwei.A pictorial approach to poor-quality cost management [J].IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,1992,39(2):149-157.