乌鲁木齐市社区妇女乳腺癌预防知—信—行调查分析
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摘要
目的：了解乌鲁木齐市社区妇女乳腺癌预防知-信-行现状及三者间关系；分析知-信-行的影响因素,为乳腺癌的防治工作及制定合理有效的乳腺癌预防健康教育模式提供参考依据。方法：采取多阶段随机整群抽样方法,对乌鲁木齐市1560名18岁及以上的女性进行问卷调查；问卷为自行设计的《乌鲁木齐市社区妇女乳腺癌预防知-信-行调查问卷》；采用SPSS统计软件对资料进行统计学分析,统计方法包括描述性统计分析、χ2检验、秩和检验及多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果：调查对象乳腺癌预防知识得分为10.99±5.80分,知晓率为49.43%,知识得分的主要影响因素有学历、职业、民族、是否有乳腺良性疾病史及绝经状况;态度得分为39-75分,平均57.80±±5.84分,其主要影响因素有学历、民族及知识得分；有42.31%的女性做过乳腺自我检查(BSE),其中2.69%(42人)是按规范方法每月一次定期实施BSE,是否实施BSE的影响因素有：年龄、职业、乳腺良性疾病史、知识得分及态度得分；分别有67.63%和16.09%的妇女既往做过乳腺临床检查(CBE)和X线摄片检查；是否实施CBE的影响因素主要有：年龄、职业、学历、乳腺良性疾病史及是否BSE；是否实施X线摄片检查的影响因素主要有：是否BSE、是否CBE及乳腺良性疾病史；知识、态度、行为之间均有不同程度的相关性。结论：乌鲁木齐市妇女对乳腺癌预防知识知晓率低,态度较积极,行为实施率低,应通过社区等各种渠道对广大妇女进行乳腺癌的一、二级预防教育,提高其知识知晓率,增强乳腺自我保健意识,从而降低乳腺癌发病率和死亡率。
Objective: To investigate the status quo of knowledge, attitude and practice of breast cancer prevention and their relationship among community women in Urumqi; To analyze influencing factors of knowledge-attitude-practice about breast cancer prevention and provide basic information and evidence for the task and effective health education about breast cancer prevention. Method: By random cluster sampling method,1560 adult community women in Urumqi were involved and investigated with a questionnaire, which was designed by researcher, about their knowledge-attitude-practice of breast cancer prevention; The data were analyzed by performing descriptive analysis, chi-square test, rank sum test, unconditional Logistic regression with the Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 17. Oversion.Result: The average score of community women's knowledge of breast cancer prevention was (10.99±5.80), the awareness rate of knowledge was 49.43%, the affecting factors for women's knowledge of breast cancer prevention were educational background, occupation, nation, history of benign breast disease and menopause; The score range of community women's attitude toward breast cancer was from39 to 75, and the average score was (57.80±5.84), the affecting factors for women's attitude were educational background, nation and knowledge level; The percentage of women who had performed breast self-examination and accepted clinical examination and mammography were 42.31%,67.63% and 16.09% respectively, only 42 women performed BSE according to standard process; The factors such as age, occupation, history of benign breast disease, knowledge and attitude level affected women's BSE performance; The factors such as age, occupation, educational background, history of benign breast disease and BSE behavior affected women's CBE performance; The factors such as BSE and CBE behavior, history of benign breast disease were the influencing factors about women's mammography. Conclusion: Women's correction rate of knowledge and the performance rate of behavior about breast cancer prevention were low, the attitude of their was positive, so it is proposed that the education about breast cancer prevention should be carried out in community women through various process to increase their consciousness of breast self-care, thereby decreasing the mortality rate and incidence rate of breast cancer.
Objective: To investigate the status quo of knowledge, attitude and practice of breast cancer prevention and their relationship among community women in Urumqi; To analyze influencing factors of knowledge-attitude-practice about breast cancer prevention and provide basic information and evidence for the task and effective health education about breast cancer prevention. Method: By random cluster sampling method,1560 adult community women in Urumqi were involved and investigated with a questionnaire, which was designed by researcher, about their knowledge-attitude-practice of breast cancer prevention; The data were analyzed by performing descriptive analysis, chi-square test, rank sum test, unconditional Logistic regression with the Statistic Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 17. Oversion.Result: The average score of community women's knowledge of breast cancer prevention was (10.99±5.80), the awareness rate of knowledge was 49.43%, the affecting factors for women's knowledge of breast cancer prevention were educational background, occupation, nation, history of benign breast disease and menopause; The score range of community women's attitude toward breast cancer was from39 to 75, and the average score was (57.80±5.84), the affecting factors for women's attitude were educational background, nation and knowledge level; The percentage of women who had performed breast self-examination and accepted clinical examination and mammography were 42.31%,67.63% and 16.09% respectively, only 42 women performed BSE according to standard process; The factors such as age, occupation, history of benign breast disease, knowledge and attitude level affected women's BSE performance; The factors such as age, occupation, educational background, history of benign breast disease and BSE behavior affected women's CBE performance; The factors such as BSE and CBE behavior, history of benign breast disease were the influencing factors about women's mammography. Conclusion: Women's correction rate of knowledge and the performance rate of behavior about breast cancer prevention were low, the attitude of their was positive, so it is proposed that the education about breast cancer prevention should be carried out in community women through various process to increase their consciousness of breast self-care, thereby decreasing the mortality rate and incidence rate of breast cancer.
引文
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