基于航空发动机性能的维修成本管理与控制研究
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摘要
在航空公司中维修成本占据了运营成本的很大部分。航空发动机作为飞机的“心脏”,保证其高安全性、降低其维修成本,在一定程度上可化解民航企业面临的“发展与安全”、“安全与效益”的矛盾。本文针对这一问题,以民航发动机维修成本为研究对象,通过对维修成本影响因素的分析,研究了基于航空发动机性能的维修成本管理与控制的方法和体系。
本文重点研究了以下内容:首先分析总结了航空发动机的维修工作内容和维修成本组成,提出了对维修成本产生影响的因素,为进一步深入研究奠定了基础。然后,根据PBL (Performance-Based Logistics)思想研究了航空发动机性能恢复程度与维修成本间的关系,并通过偏最小二成回归法建立发动机性能与维修成本关系模型。最后,根据维修费用和航空发动机性能恢复的程度进行费用-效益分析。实现了在发动机送修前根据性能恢复程度和维修费用中的确定部分对总体维修成本进行估算。送修后对维修成本进行核算。从而对航空发动机维修成本进行管理和控制。
以上述工作为基础,开发了“航空发动机维修成本管理软件系统”,该系统已在上海航空公司得到成功应用,有效降低了维修费用,提升了航空公司的竞争力。
Medium maintenance costs in the airline operating costs accounted for much. Aero-engine plane as the "heart" to ensure that its high-security, reduce their maintenance costs, to a certain extent, to resolve civil aviation enterprises are facing a "development and security", "safety and effectiveness" of the contradictions. In this paper, the problem to aviation engine maintenance costs as the research object, through the repair cost impact analysis of the factors to study the aero-engine repair cost management and control methods and system.
This article focuses on the following content: First analysis of summed up the repair of aero-engine repair work and maintenance costs of the proposed impact on the cost of repair factors, in order to further in-depth study has laid a foundation. And, according to PBL examined the performance of aero-engine repair costs to restore the degree of the relationship between, and through PLS set up engine performance and maintenance cost model. Finally, in accordance with the cost of repair and restoration of aero-engine performance of the extent of the cost - benefit analysis. Implementation in the engine performance in accordance with the restoration of the former repair and maintenance costs of the identified part of the overall repair cost estimates. Repair after the repair cost accounting. Thus management and control the cost of repair of aero-engine.
To the above-mentioned work, the development of the "aero-engine repair cost management software system", the system has been successfully applied Shanghai Airlines, effectively reducing maintenance costs and enhance the airline's competitiveness.
本文重点研究了以下内容:首先分析总结了航空发动机的维修工作内容和维修成本组成,提出了对维修成本产生影响的因素,为进一步深入研究奠定了基础。然后,根据PBL (Performance-Based Logistics)思想研究了航空发动机性能恢复程度与维修成本间的关系,并通过偏最小二成回归法建立发动机性能与维修成本关系模型。最后,根据维修费用和航空发动机性能恢复的程度进行费用-效益分析。实现了在发动机送修前根据性能恢复程度和维修费用中的确定部分对总体维修成本进行估算。送修后对维修成本进行核算。从而对航空发动机维修成本进行管理和控制。
以上述工作为基础,开发了“航空发动机维修成本管理软件系统”,该系统已在上海航空公司得到成功应用,有效降低了维修费用,提升了航空公司的竞争力。
Medium maintenance costs in the airline operating costs accounted for much. Aero-engine plane as the "heart" to ensure that its high-security, reduce their maintenance costs, to a certain extent, to resolve civil aviation enterprises are facing a "development and security", "safety and effectiveness" of the contradictions. In this paper, the problem to aviation engine maintenance costs as the research object, through the repair cost impact analysis of the factors to study the aero-engine repair cost management and control methods and system.
This article focuses on the following content: First analysis of summed up the repair of aero-engine repair work and maintenance costs of the proposed impact on the cost of repair factors, in order to further in-depth study has laid a foundation. And, according to PBL examined the performance of aero-engine repair costs to restore the degree of the relationship between, and through PLS set up engine performance and maintenance cost model. Finally, in accordance with the cost of repair and restoration of aero-engine performance of the extent of the cost - benefit analysis. Implementation in the engine performance in accordance with the restoration of the former repair and maintenance costs of the identified part of the overall repair cost estimates. Repair after the repair cost accounting. Thus management and control the cost of repair of aero-engine.
To the above-mentioned work, the development of the "aero-engine repair cost management software system", the system has been successfully applied Shanghai Airlines, effectively reducing maintenance costs and enhance the airline's competitiveness.
引文
[1] Boeing. Boeing commercial airplanes current market outlook overview 2005. Washonton, DC:Boeing Company, 2005.
[2]汪冰生.航空器维修成本控制.南京:南京航空航天大学, 2002 :4~6
[3]曹子祥.论航空公司的成本管理.民航经济与技术, 2000. 19(10): 14~20.
[4]徐民筑.航空维修成本管理及控制.南京:南京航空航天大学民航学院机务维修高级研修班资料, 2001.
[5] Bodegraven G. V. Commercial aircraft DOC methods. AIAA/AHS/ASEE Aircraft Design, Systems and Operations Conference. Dayton, OH, AIAA, 1990:1~6.
[6] ATA. Standard method of estimating comparative direct operating costs of turbine powered trasport airplanes. Washington, DC: Air Transport Association of America, 1967.
[7] NASA. A new method for estimating current and future transport aircraft operating economics. Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Adminidtration, 1978.
[8] Robert H. L., Donald A. A., et al. Advanced Subsonic Airplane Design & Economic Studies. Cleveland: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.
[9] GE. CF34-10A maintenance costs. Li Jiang, China: GE Aircraft Engines, 2003.
[10]张宝诚著.航空发动机可靠性和经济性.北京:国防工业出版社, 1998
[11] AFAM. Understanding maintenance costs for new and existing aircraft. Airline Fleet & Asset Management, 2001(5): 56~62.
[12] Day M. J., Stahr R. S. A technique for engine maintenance cost forcasting. Washington, DC: Rolls-Royce, Inc., 1979.
[13] Schloz D.DOCsys-a method to evaluate aircraft systems. Neu Wulmsdorf: Institute for Applied Science, 1998.
[14] Birkler, J.L., J.B. Garfinkle, K.E. Marks, Development and production cost estimating relationships for aircraft turbine engines, RAND: Washington.
[15]徐志勇,彭友梅.航空发动机全寿命费用分析研究.航空系统工程, 1997(5): 39～44.
[16]倪凯.航空发动机维修成本评估与分析.南京:南京航空航天大学, 2002.
[17]王伟.航空发动机维修成本评估研究.南京:南京航空航天大学, 2001.
[18]梁剑,左洪福.民用飞机维修成本评估.交通运输学报, 2002. 2(4): 95-98.
[19]何大文.航空企业维修成本控制,成都,四川大学, 2004.
[20] Baldin, A. E. (1981) Condition-based maintenance, Chemical Engineering, 10(16), 89-95.
[21] (英)J.莫布雷,以可靠性为中心的维修,北京,机械工业出版社, 1995
[22]中国农业大学(东校区)设备工程系,机械维修工程与技术,北京,中国农业科技出版社, 1997.
[23]常士基.现代民用航空维修工程管理.山西:山西科学技术出版社出版, 2002: 25~27
[24]王再兴主编.民用航空器外场维修.北京:中国民航出版社,2000: 85~87
[25] Meadows T A. Analysis of F/A-18 engine maintenance cost using the Boeing dependability cost model. AD-A289 983, 7~21
[26] Corp., P.W.,普惠公司发动机维修成本国际研讨会.普惠发动机公司, 1999.
[27]刘绍成.浅谈如何运用数字模型来量化飞机的维修成本.民航经济与技术,2000.10: 48~50
[28]贺尔铭,宋力涛. EGT影响因素分析及提高EGT裕度的措施,航空工程与维修1999.6: 20~21
[29]朱建东.飞机发动机的监控技术及其发展趋势,飞机设计, 2003.3: 58~61
[30]李炳先.全寿命费用管理方法在企业管理中的应用刍议.改革与战略, 1998.4: 55~57
[31]希瑟.鲍底温.发动机零件维修技术及商务现状.航空工程与维修,2001.5: 48~50
[32]陈光.提高商用飞机发动机可靠性的措施.国际航空,1996.6: 12~14
[33]发动机寿命管理模拟模型使用者手册. ADA020307
[34]陈锡辉.发动机修理范围和费用的理论分析.民航经济与技术, 1995.11: 46~48
[35]车创林.民用航空发动机的维修管理.适航与维修, 1999.12: 22~23
[36]马绍民主编.综合保障工程.北京:国防工业出版社, 1995: 158
[37]李晓阳.从航材仓储看成本管理.民航经济与技术, 2000.1: 28~30
[38]崔志民.南航机务集中管理指令维修模式的探讨.民航经济与技术, 1999.8: 37~39
[39]孔瑞莲著.航空发动机可靠性工程.北京:航空工业出版社, 1995
[40]姜克良.飞机和发动机冬季使用维护特点.民航经济与技术, 1997.10: 21~23
[41]栾和森,杨鹏.加大基本维护工作的力度,提高以可靠性为中心的维修水平.适航与维修, 1999.5: 37~39
[42]王慧文著.偏最小二乘回归方法及其应用.北京:国防工业出版社, 1999: 2~4
[43] Tenenhaus M. La Regression PLS: Theorie et Pratique. Document de Recherche de la Fondation HEC. Jouy-en-josas,1997
[44] Tenenhaus M, Gauchi J-P, Menardo C.Regression PLS et Application. Revue de Statistique Appliquee.1995
[45]甘茂治,康建设,高琦.军用装备维修工程学.北京:国防工业出版社, 1999
[46]计磊,李里,周伟.精通J2EE: Eclipse、Struts、Hibernate、Spring整合应用案例,北京,人民邮电出版社, 2006.8
[47]戎伟,张双.精通Struts: Java流行服务器、框架、工具及整合应用.北京,人民邮电出版社, 2006.10
[48]刘晓华,张健,赵洁.精通JBuilder 2006 ,北京,电子工业出版社, 2006.10
[2]汪冰生.航空器维修成本控制.南京:南京航空航天大学, 2002 :4~6
[3]曹子祥.论航空公司的成本管理.民航经济与技术, 2000. 19(10): 14~20.
[4]徐民筑.航空维修成本管理及控制.南京:南京航空航天大学民航学院机务维修高级研修班资料, 2001.
[5] Bodegraven G. V. Commercial aircraft DOC methods. AIAA/AHS/ASEE Aircraft Design, Systems and Operations Conference. Dayton, OH, AIAA, 1990:1~6.
[6] ATA. Standard method of estimating comparative direct operating costs of turbine powered trasport airplanes. Washington, DC: Air Transport Association of America, 1967.
[7] NASA. A new method for estimating current and future transport aircraft operating economics. Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Adminidtration, 1978.
[8] Robert H. L., Donald A. A., et al. Advanced Subsonic Airplane Design & Economic Studies. Cleveland: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.
[9] GE. CF34-10A maintenance costs. Li Jiang, China: GE Aircraft Engines, 2003.
[10]张宝诚著.航空发动机可靠性和经济性.北京:国防工业出版社, 1998
[11] AFAM. Understanding maintenance costs for new and existing aircraft. Airline Fleet & Asset Management, 2001(5): 56~62.
[12] Day M. J., Stahr R. S. A technique for engine maintenance cost forcasting. Washington, DC: Rolls-Royce, Inc., 1979.
[13] Schloz D.DOCsys-a method to evaluate aircraft systems. Neu Wulmsdorf: Institute for Applied Science, 1998.
[14] Birkler, J.L., J.B. Garfinkle, K.E. Marks, Development and production cost estimating relationships for aircraft turbine engines, RAND: Washington.
[15]徐志勇,彭友梅.航空发动机全寿命费用分析研究.航空系统工程, 1997(5): 39～44.
[16]倪凯.航空发动机维修成本评估与分析.南京:南京航空航天大学, 2002.
[17]王伟.航空发动机维修成本评估研究.南京:南京航空航天大学, 2001.
[18]梁剑,左洪福.民用飞机维修成本评估.交通运输学报, 2002. 2(4): 95-98.
[19]何大文.航空企业维修成本控制,成都,四川大学, 2004.
[20] Baldin, A. E. (1981) Condition-based maintenance, Chemical Engineering, 10(16), 89-95.
[21] (英)J.莫布雷,以可靠性为中心的维修,北京,机械工业出版社, 1995
[22]中国农业大学(东校区)设备工程系,机械维修工程与技术,北京,中国农业科技出版社, 1997.
[23]常士基.现代民用航空维修工程管理.山西:山西科学技术出版社出版, 2002: 25~27
[24]王再兴主编.民用航空器外场维修.北京:中国民航出版社,2000: 85~87
[25] Meadows T A. Analysis of F/A-18 engine maintenance cost using the Boeing dependability cost model. AD-A289 983, 7~21
[26] Corp., P.W.,普惠公司发动机维修成本国际研讨会.普惠发动机公司, 1999.
[27]刘绍成.浅谈如何运用数字模型来量化飞机的维修成本.民航经济与技术,2000.10: 48~50
[28]贺尔铭,宋力涛. EGT影响因素分析及提高EGT裕度的措施,航空工程与维修1999.6: 20~21
[29]朱建东.飞机发动机的监控技术及其发展趋势,飞机设计, 2003.3: 58~61
[30]李炳先.全寿命费用管理方法在企业管理中的应用刍议.改革与战略, 1998.4: 55~57
[31]希瑟.鲍底温.发动机零件维修技术及商务现状.航空工程与维修,2001.5: 48~50
[32]陈光.提高商用飞机发动机可靠性的措施.国际航空,1996.6: 12~14
[33]发动机寿命管理模拟模型使用者手册. ADA020307
[34]陈锡辉.发动机修理范围和费用的理论分析.民航经济与技术, 1995.11: 46~48
[35]车创林.民用航空发动机的维修管理.适航与维修, 1999.12: 22~23
[36]马绍民主编.综合保障工程.北京:国防工业出版社, 1995: 158
[37]李晓阳.从航材仓储看成本管理.民航经济与技术, 2000.1: 28~30
[38]崔志民.南航机务集中管理指令维修模式的探讨.民航经济与技术, 1999.8: 37~39
[39]孔瑞莲著.航空发动机可靠性工程.北京:航空工业出版社, 1995
[40]姜克良.飞机和发动机冬季使用维护特点.民航经济与技术, 1997.10: 21~23
[41]栾和森,杨鹏.加大基本维护工作的力度,提高以可靠性为中心的维修水平.适航与维修, 1999.5: 37~39
[42]王慧文著.偏最小二乘回归方法及其应用.北京:国防工业出版社, 1999: 2~4
[43] Tenenhaus M. La Regression PLS: Theorie et Pratique. Document de Recherche de la Fondation HEC. Jouy-en-josas,1997
[44] Tenenhaus M, Gauchi J-P, Menardo C.Regression PLS et Application. Revue de Statistique Appliquee.1995
[45]甘茂治,康建设,高琦.军用装备维修工程学.北京:国防工业出版社, 1999
[46]计磊,李里,周伟.精通J2EE: Eclipse、Struts、Hibernate、Spring整合应用案例,北京,人民邮电出版社, 2006.8
[47]戎伟,张双.精通Struts: Java流行服务器、框架、工具及整合应用.北京,人民邮电出版社, 2006.10
[48]刘晓华,张健,赵洁.精通JBuilder 2006 ,北京,电子工业出版社, 2006.10