基于UG三维模型标注的动态显示研究
摘要
近年来,随着计算机辅助设计和计算机管理技术的发展,工程技术人员开始引入三维数字化模型对产品进行定义,区别于以往利用二维工程图进行产品定义的方法。
MBD (Model Based Definition),即“基于模型的定义”技术,是一种基于产品三维数字化模型的、面向计算机应用的产品定义技术,其核心理念是采用一个集成的三维数字化模型来完整地表达产品定义信息,将产品的几何形状、尺寸、公差、注释以及与产品定义相关的非几何信息共同定义到产品的三维数字化模型中,不再使用二维工程图,实现面向制造的设计,并保证产品数据的唯一性。
论文的主要研究内容如下：
1.论述和分析采用二维工程图定义产品的特点和存在的不足,以及采用三维数字化模型进行产品定义的优点。介绍国内外企业和研究机构利用三维数字化模型进行产品定义取得的突出成果。
2.分析和研究国外数字化产品定义技术标准ASME Y14.41-2003、ISO16792-2006及我国数字化产品定义技术标准GB/T24734-2009,详细分析了采用3DMBD技术进行产品定义时采用的新方法。
3.UG PMI模块是UG NX软件中实现数字化产品定义技术的模块。本文运用PMI模块,遵循GB/T24734-2009标准,对产品零件进行标注。
4.研究PMI标注中不符合标准规定的问题。针对模型旋转时某些标注因为观察角度而显示不清的问题,提出更换标注显示平面使标注显示得到优化的解决办法,以Visual Studio2008C++为软件开发平台进行UG二次开发,实现标注显示的优化。
With the development of Computer Aided Design and Computer Management technology, engineers start to use3D digital model to define a product, which is different from the traditional engineering drawing method.
Model Based Definition (MBD) is an advanced digital product definition technology which is based on products'3D digital model and can meet the application requirements of computers. Its core idea is by using an integrated3D digital model solely to represent a product's information completely. The3D digital model covers a product's all aspects of information which include its form, dimension, tolerance, note and other related non-geometric information, and no longer use engineering drawings to define a product any more. MBD can be fully implemented in the manufacture-oriented design method and guarantee the product definition's unambiguity and originality.
The major contents of this paper are described as follow:
1. Both the advantages and disadvantages of traditional engineering drawing for product definition, and the advantages of using a3D digital model to define a product are described and analyzed. The major achievements obtained by corporations and research institutions with MBD technology are introduced in this paper.
2. Foreign technique standards ASME Y14.41-2003, ISO16792-2006and domestic standard GB/T24734-2009are analyzed. The new methods employed in product definition with3DMBD technology are analyzed in detail.
3. UG PMI function can be used in digital product definition. The UG PMI is employed to annotate on products'3D digital model in accordance with standard requirements of GB/T24734-2009.
4. The problems which UG PMI is unable to meet the standard requirements are analyzed. With some annotations can't be displayed clearly due to user's viewing angle while model rotations, a solution to optimize annotations'display results by switching annotations'display plane is proposed. By employing Visual Studio2008C++as programing platform with UG redevelopment method, the annotation display is optimized.
MBD (Model Based Definition),即“基于模型的定义”技术,是一种基于产品三维数字化模型的、面向计算机应用的产品定义技术,其核心理念是采用一个集成的三维数字化模型来完整地表达产品定义信息,将产品的几何形状、尺寸、公差、注释以及与产品定义相关的非几何信息共同定义到产品的三维数字化模型中,不再使用二维工程图,实现面向制造的设计,并保证产品数据的唯一性。
论文的主要研究内容如下：
1.论述和分析采用二维工程图定义产品的特点和存在的不足,以及采用三维数字化模型进行产品定义的优点。介绍国内外企业和研究机构利用三维数字化模型进行产品定义取得的突出成果。
2.分析和研究国外数字化产品定义技术标准ASME Y14.41-2003、ISO16792-2006及我国数字化产品定义技术标准GB/T24734-2009,详细分析了采用3DMBD技术进行产品定义时采用的新方法。
3.UG PMI模块是UG NX软件中实现数字化产品定义技术的模块。本文运用PMI模块,遵循GB/T24734-2009标准,对产品零件进行标注。
4.研究PMI标注中不符合标准规定的问题。针对模型旋转时某些标注因为观察角度而显示不清的问题,提出更换标注显示平面使标注显示得到优化的解决办法,以Visual Studio2008C++为软件开发平台进行UG二次开发,实现标注显示的优化。
With the development of Computer Aided Design and Computer Management technology, engineers start to use3D digital model to define a product, which is different from the traditional engineering drawing method.
Model Based Definition (MBD) is an advanced digital product definition technology which is based on products'3D digital model and can meet the application requirements of computers. Its core idea is by using an integrated3D digital model solely to represent a product's information completely. The3D digital model covers a product's all aspects of information which include its form, dimension, tolerance, note and other related non-geometric information, and no longer use engineering drawings to define a product any more. MBD can be fully implemented in the manufacture-oriented design method and guarantee the product definition's unambiguity and originality.
The major contents of this paper are described as follow:
1. Both the advantages and disadvantages of traditional engineering drawing for product definition, and the advantages of using a3D digital model to define a product are described and analyzed. The major achievements obtained by corporations and research institutions with MBD technology are introduced in this paper.
2. Foreign technique standards ASME Y14.41-2003, ISO16792-2006and domestic standard GB/T24734-2009are analyzed. The new methods employed in product definition with3DMBD technology are analyzed in detail.
3. UG PMI function can be used in digital product definition. The UG PMI is employed to annotate on products'3D digital model in accordance with standard requirements of GB/T24734-2009.
4. The problems which UG PMI is unable to meet the standard requirements are analyzed. With some annotations can't be displayed clearly due to user's viewing angle while model rotations, a solution to optimize annotations'display results by switching annotations'display plane is proposed. By employing Visual Studio2008C++as programing platform with UG redevelopment method, the annotation display is optimized.
引文
[1]卢鹄,韩爽,范玉青.基于模型的数字化定义技术.航空制造技术.2008,3：第79页
[2]杨铭.机械制图.机械工业出版社.2010年8月：第1页
[3]周秋忠,范玉清.MBD技术在飞机制造中的应用[J].航空维修与工程.2008,3：第55页
[4]Quintana V, Rivest L, Pellerin R, Venne F, Kheddouci F.Will Model-based Definition replace engineering drawings throughout the product lifecycle? A global perspective from aerospace industry[J].COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRY.2010,61(5):第497页
[5]Quintana V, Rivest L, Pellerin R, Kheddouci F.Re-engineering the Engineering Change Management process for a drawing-less environment[J].COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRY.2012,63(1)
[6]Chandrasegaran SK, Ramani K, Sriram RD.The evolution, challenges, and future of knowledge representation in product design systems[J]. COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN.2013,45(2)
[7]QiuZhong Zhou, QingChun Fan.MBD Driven Digital Product Collaborative Definition Technology.2010 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Networks and Intelligent Systems (ICINIS 2010), Shenyang Ligong Univ., Shenyang, China,2010.IEEE Computer Society.
[8]梅中义.基于MBD的飞机数字化装配技术[J].航空制造技术.2010,18：第42页
[9]Mei ZY, Fan YQ.Challenge of Model Based Definition Technology to Engineering Graphics Education[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials.2012,163
[10]王婷,郭鹏勃.基于MBD的三维CAD模型与工程图信息提取[J].机械与电子.2012,1：第79页
[11]李春燕,刘军等.MBD技术在机床行业中的应用[J].机械设计与研究.2012,28(1)：68-69
[12]Zhou QZ, Deng LY.MBD Based Digital Automotive Manufacturing Application Framework.Xu LL, Tian WY, Mao E.International Conference on Information Engineering for Mechanics and Materials (ICIMM 2011), Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA,2011.TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD.
[13]范玉青,梅中义,陶剑.大型飞机数字化制造工程.航空工业出版社.2011：第173页
[14]Zhang Lihua, Fan Yuqing. Digital definition of aircraft composite structures for manufacture [J] Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.2008,34(7)
[15]范玉青,梅中义,陶剑.大型飞机数字化制造工程.航空工业出版社.2011：第174页
[16]Liu Fang, Qiao LH.Product Information Modeling and Organization with MBD.Yan HS, Zhang JB.9th International Conference on History of Mechanical Technology and Mechanical Design, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan, TAIWAN,2012.TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD.
[17]史奠.MBD的数字信息化探讨及应用[J].科技风.2011,16：第30页
[18]范玉青.基于模型定义技术及其实施[J].航空制造技术.2012,6：第43页
[19]LU Hu, FAN Yuqing.The Study of the Drawing Functions in the Digital Aero Product Definition[J] Journal of Engineering Graphics.2008,29(2)
[20]冯潼能,王铮阳,孟静晖.MBD技术在数字化协同制造中的应用与展望[J].南京航空航天大学学报.2012,44：第135页
[21]Xiong DanDan, Yang HaiCheng, Wan Neng.Research on Aerospace Equipment Machining Process Optimization Based on MBD Procedure Model [J]. Advanced Materials Research.2012,538-541
[22]冯潼能,王铮阳,宋娅.MBD技术在协同设计制造中的应用[J].航空制造技术.2010,18：第64页
[23]Zhou QZ, Deng LY.MBD Based Automotive Products Process Planning Technology.International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, Manufacturing, Modeling and Simulation.Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA,2011.TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD.
[24]徐圣,刘晓明等.基于MBD的飞机数字化定义技术[J].科技创新导报.2011,27：第48页
[25]Jian Jianbang, Hong Jiansheng, Li Yingguang.A NC Machining Method for Aircraft Structural Parts Based on Model Based Definition and Feature [J].Mechanical Science and Technology.2011,30(5)
[26]巫鹏伟,卢鹄.工程师的新语言——基于模型的定义[J].航空制造技术.2010,21：第71页
[27]余志强,陈嵩,孙炜等.基于MBD的三维数模在飞机制造过程中的应用.航空制造技术.2009,25：第82页
[28]冯新民,张囡.数字化技术在新支线项目研制中的应用.航空制造技术.2006,10：第56页
[29]宁振波.全面推进数字化体系建设快速提升民机研发能力[J].中国制造业信息化.2012,12：第19页
[30]Zhang Xiangxiang, Chen Xingyu, Cheng Wusi, Zhang Hongqi, Zeng Xiangyu.Process information identifying method based on model.Journal of Graphics.2011,33(6)
[31]崔斌峰,吴新芳.长空写忠诚——西飞FBC-7A新飞豹诞生记[J].今日科苑.2011,10：第154页
[32]ISO 16792-2006.Technical product document—Digital product definition data practices.
[33]GB/T 24734-2009.技术产品文件数字化产品数据定义通则[S].北京.2009
[34]Y14.41-2003.Digital product definition data practice[S].ASME.2003
[35]赵哲祥,张雪松.国外几何公差标准释义.中国标准出版社.2008
[36]田怀文,王伟.机械工程图学.西南交通大学出版社.2006：第3页
[37]田怀文,王伟.机械工程图学.西南交通大学出版社.2006：第22页
[38]叶玉驹,焦永和,张彤.机械制图手册.第5版.机械工业出版社.
[39]巫鹏伟,卢鹄.工程师的新语言——基于模型的定义[J].航空制造技术.2010,21：第68页
[40]Tian Fujun, Tian Xitian, Geng Junhao, Zhang Zhenming. Model-based definition process information modeling and application[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems.2012,18(5)
[41]叶修梓,陈超祥SolidWorks工程图教程.机械工业出版社.2009：第141页
[42]GB/T 44583.4-2003.机械制图尺寸注法[S].北京,2003
[43]GB/T 131-2006.产品几何技术规范(GPS)技术产品中表面结构的表示法[S].北京.2009
[44]黄勇,张博林,薛运锋.UG二次开发与数据库应用基础与典型范例.电子工业出版社.2008：第2页
[45]侯永涛,丁向阳.UG/Open二次开发与实例精解.化学工业出版社.2007
[46]莫蓉,常智勇,刘红军,杜微.UG NX二次开发.电子工业出版社.2008
[47]Yang Yang, Rong Mo, Neng Wan.The Research of Machining Process Design Based On Manufacturing Resources In MBD Mode[J].Advanced Materials Research.
[48]汪瑞NXOpen API编程技术.电子工业出版社.2012
[49]黄翔,李迎光.UG应用开发教程与实例精解.清华大学出版社.2005
[50]银红霞,杜四春,蔡立军.计算机图形学.中国水利水电出版社.2005
[51]UG NX 7.5帮助文档Siemens PLM Software Corporation.2010
[2]杨铭.机械制图.机械工业出版社.2010年8月：第1页
[3]周秋忠,范玉清.MBD技术在飞机制造中的应用[J].航空维修与工程.2008,3：第55页
[4]Quintana V, Rivest L, Pellerin R, Venne F, Kheddouci F.Will Model-based Definition replace engineering drawings throughout the product lifecycle? A global perspective from aerospace industry[J].COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRY.2010,61(5):第497页
[5]Quintana V, Rivest L, Pellerin R, Kheddouci F.Re-engineering the Engineering Change Management process for a drawing-less environment[J].COMPUTERS IN INDUSTRY.2012,63(1)
[6]Chandrasegaran SK, Ramani K, Sriram RD.The evolution, challenges, and future of knowledge representation in product design systems[J]. COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN.2013,45(2)
[7]QiuZhong Zhou, QingChun Fan.MBD Driven Digital Product Collaborative Definition Technology.2010 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Networks and Intelligent Systems (ICINIS 2010), Shenyang Ligong Univ., Shenyang, China,2010.IEEE Computer Society.
[8]梅中义.基于MBD的飞机数字化装配技术[J].航空制造技术.2010,18：第42页
[9]Mei ZY, Fan YQ.Challenge of Model Based Definition Technology to Engineering Graphics Education[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials.2012,163
[10]王婷,郭鹏勃.基于MBD的三维CAD模型与工程图信息提取[J].机械与电子.2012,1：第79页
[11]李春燕,刘军等.MBD技术在机床行业中的应用[J].机械设计与研究.2012,28(1)：68-69
[12]Zhou QZ, Deng LY.MBD Based Digital Automotive Manufacturing Application Framework.Xu LL, Tian WY, Mao E.International Conference on Information Engineering for Mechanics and Materials (ICIMM 2011), Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA,2011.TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD.
[13]范玉青,梅中义,陶剑.大型飞机数字化制造工程.航空工业出版社.2011：第173页
[14]Zhang Lihua, Fan Yuqing. Digital definition of aircraft composite structures for manufacture [J] Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.2008,34(7)
[15]范玉青,梅中义,陶剑.大型飞机数字化制造工程.航空工业出版社.2011：第174页
[16]Liu Fang, Qiao LH.Product Information Modeling and Organization with MBD.Yan HS, Zhang JB.9th International Conference on History of Mechanical Technology and Mechanical Design, Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Tainan, TAIWAN,2012.TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD.
[17]史奠.MBD的数字信息化探讨及应用[J].科技风.2011,16：第30页
[18]范玉青.基于模型定义技术及其实施[J].航空制造技术.2012,6：第43页
[19]LU Hu, FAN Yuqing.The Study of the Drawing Functions in the Digital Aero Product Definition[J] Journal of Engineering Graphics.2008,29(2)
[20]冯潼能,王铮阳,孟静晖.MBD技术在数字化协同制造中的应用与展望[J].南京航空航天大学学报.2012,44：第135页
[21]Xiong DanDan, Yang HaiCheng, Wan Neng.Research on Aerospace Equipment Machining Process Optimization Based on MBD Procedure Model [J]. Advanced Materials Research.2012,538-541
[22]冯潼能,王铮阳,宋娅.MBD技术在协同设计制造中的应用[J].航空制造技术.2010,18：第64页
[23]Zhou QZ, Deng LY.MBD Based Automotive Products Process Planning Technology.International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, Manufacturing, Modeling and Simulation.Hangzhou, PEOPLES R CHINA,2011.TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD.
[24]徐圣,刘晓明等.基于MBD的飞机数字化定义技术[J].科技创新导报.2011,27：第48页
[25]Jian Jianbang, Hong Jiansheng, Li Yingguang.A NC Machining Method for Aircraft Structural Parts Based on Model Based Definition and Feature [J].Mechanical Science and Technology.2011,30(5)
[26]巫鹏伟,卢鹄.工程师的新语言——基于模型的定义[J].航空制造技术.2010,21：第71页
[27]余志强,陈嵩,孙炜等.基于MBD的三维数模在飞机制造过程中的应用.航空制造技术.2009,25：第82页
[28]冯新民,张囡.数字化技术在新支线项目研制中的应用.航空制造技术.2006,10：第56页
[29]宁振波.全面推进数字化体系建设快速提升民机研发能力[J].中国制造业信息化.2012,12：第19页
[30]Zhang Xiangxiang, Chen Xingyu, Cheng Wusi, Zhang Hongqi, Zeng Xiangyu.Process information identifying method based on model.Journal of Graphics.2011,33(6)
[31]崔斌峰,吴新芳.长空写忠诚——西飞FBC-7A新飞豹诞生记[J].今日科苑.2011,10：第154页
[32]ISO 16792-2006.Technical product document—Digital product definition data practices.
[33]GB/T 24734-2009.技术产品文件数字化产品数据定义通则[S].北京.2009
[34]Y14.41-2003.Digital product definition data practice[S].ASME.2003
[35]赵哲祥,张雪松.国外几何公差标准释义.中国标准出版社.2008
[36]田怀文,王伟.机械工程图学.西南交通大学出版社.2006：第3页
[37]田怀文,王伟.机械工程图学.西南交通大学出版社.2006：第22页
[38]叶玉驹,焦永和,张彤.机械制图手册.第5版.机械工业出版社.
[39]巫鹏伟,卢鹄.工程师的新语言——基于模型的定义[J].航空制造技术.2010,21：第68页
[40]Tian Fujun, Tian Xitian, Geng Junhao, Zhang Zhenming. Model-based definition process information modeling and application[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems.2012,18(5)
[41]叶修梓,陈超祥SolidWorks工程图教程.机械工业出版社.2009：第141页
[42]GB/T 44583.4-2003.机械制图尺寸注法[S].北京,2003
[43]GB/T 131-2006.产品几何技术规范(GPS)技术产品中表面结构的表示法[S].北京.2009
[44]黄勇,张博林,薛运锋.UG二次开发与数据库应用基础与典型范例.电子工业出版社.2008：第2页
[45]侯永涛,丁向阳.UG/Open二次开发与实例精解.化学工业出版社.2007
[46]莫蓉,常智勇,刘红军,杜微.UG NX二次开发.电子工业出版社.2008
[47]Yang Yang, Rong Mo, Neng Wan.The Research of Machining Process Design Based On Manufacturing Resources In MBD Mode[J].Advanced Materials Research.
[48]汪瑞NXOpen API编程技术.电子工业出版社.2012
[49]黄翔,李迎光.UG应用开发教程与实例精解.清华大学出版社.2005
[50]银红霞,杜四春,蔡立军.计算机图形学.中国水利水电出版社.2005
[51]UG NX 7.5帮助文档Siemens PLM Software Corporation.2010