BESⅢ上D物理的相关研究
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摘要
北京谱仪(BESⅢ)在J/ψ、ψ(2S)、ψ(3770)、ψ(4040)等多个能量点获取了世界上最大统计量的数据样本,为r-粲能区物理的详细研究提供了条件和机遇。
本论文主要介绍对D+s→η’ρ+及D+s→η’X分支比的测量。基于BESⅢ在(?)s=4.009GeV处采集的亮度为0.482fb-1的ψ(4040)数据,对ψ(4040)产生的Ds+D-s对进行研究。使用“单标记”的方法,测得B(Ds+→η'ρ+)=(5.6±1.4)%；使用“双标记”的方法,测得B(Ds+→η'X)=(9.1±2.0±0.5)%。 B(Ds+→η'ρ)的测量结果远远小于世界平均值(PDG2012)(12.5±2.2)%；B(Ds+→η'X)的测量结果与世界平均值(11.7±1.8)%在误差内一致。基于我们测量的B(Ds+→η'ρ+)及其它实验对DS的含有η’末态的分支比的测量,得到B(η'K)+B(η'π+)+B(η'ρ+)+B(η'l+vl)=(11.7±1.3)%(遍举方法),该结果与B(Ds+→η'X)(单举方法)的测量结果是相恰的。本分析为理解和认识PDG中遍举方法和单举方法得到的B(D+s→η’X)不一致的问题提供了重要的实验依据,另外还可用来检验与DS衰变相关的各种理论模型及参数化方法的正确性,以及为包含胶球成份的η-η’混合模型提供实验依据。
另外,还介绍了本作者参与的工作：D0/D0→K-π+两过程的强相位差δKπ的测量。基于BESⅢ上获取的世界上最大的2.9fb-1ψ(3770)数据样本,利用ψ(3770)→D0D0衰变过程中两个D的量子关联效应,测得了目前世界上最精确的δKπ。该测量对D0和D0混合参数的测量及CKM矩阵幺正性的检验有重要意义。
Beijing Spectrometer(BES Ⅲ)has collected data samples at several different energy points,such as J/ψ,ψ(2S),ψ(3770)and ψ(4040).And continuum data at3.650GeV were also collected.All these data samples can be used to study the physical topics at τ-charm energy region.
In this thesis,we introduce measurements of the branching fractions for D+s→η'ρ+and Ds+→η'X.Based on a sample of0.482fb-1data taken at (?)s=4.009GeV, we study the D+sD-s pairs decaying fromψ(4040).With the "single" tag method,we measured B(D+s+→η'ρ+)=(5.6±1.4)%；with "double tag" method,we measured召(D+s→η'X)=(9.1士2.0±0.5)%.Our measured B(Ds+→p+)is much d-ifferent from the world average(12.5±2.2)%,and our measured B(D+s→η'X)is consistent with the world average(11.7±1.8)%within uncertainty.Based on our measured B(D+s→η'ρ+)and the fractions of other D+s modes with η' measured by CLEO,we get B(η'K+)+B(η'π+)+B(η'ρ+)+)+B(η'l+νl)=(11.7±1.3)%(exclusive method),which is consistent with the inclusively measured B(D+s→η'X)within er-ror.This analysis resolves the puzzle in PDG:the world averages of B(Ds+→η'X) obtained with inclusive and exclusive method are not consistent. And,the measure-ment is important for testing the theories relevant with Ds decays,and also is helpful for understanding the mixing of η and η'.
In addition,this thesis reports a study on the strong phase difference δKπ between D00→K-π+and D0→K-π-+.With the world's largest ψ(3770)data sample taken at (?)=3.773GeV,we determined the most precise result of δKπ in the world using the quantum coherence between pair-produced D0and D0in ψ(3770)→D0D0.The result is very important for measuring the mixing of D0and D0,and helpful for testing the unitaritv of CKM matrix.
本论文主要介绍对D+s→η’ρ+及D+s→η’X分支比的测量。基于BESⅢ在(?)s=4.009GeV处采集的亮度为0.482fb-1的ψ(4040)数据,对ψ(4040)产生的Ds+D-s对进行研究。使用“单标记”的方法,测得B(Ds+→η'ρ+)=(5.6±1.4)%；使用“双标记”的方法,测得B(Ds+→η'X)=(9.1±2.0±0.5)%。 B(Ds+→η'ρ)的测量结果远远小于世界平均值(PDG2012)(12.5±2.2)%；B(Ds+→η'X)的测量结果与世界平均值(11.7±1.8)%在误差内一致。基于我们测量的B(Ds+→η'ρ+)及其它实验对DS的含有η’末态的分支比的测量,得到B(η'K)+B(η'π+)+B(η'ρ+)+B(η'l+vl)=(11.7±1.3)%(遍举方法),该结果与B(Ds+→η'X)(单举方法)的测量结果是相恰的。本分析为理解和认识PDG中遍举方法和单举方法得到的B(D+s→η’X)不一致的问题提供了重要的实验依据,另外还可用来检验与DS衰变相关的各种理论模型及参数化方法的正确性,以及为包含胶球成份的η-η’混合模型提供实验依据。
另外,还介绍了本作者参与的工作：D0/D0→K-π+两过程的强相位差δKπ的测量。基于BESⅢ上获取的世界上最大的2.9fb-1ψ(3770)数据样本,利用ψ(3770)→D0D0衰变过程中两个D的量子关联效应,测得了目前世界上最精确的δKπ。该测量对D0和D0混合参数的测量及CKM矩阵幺正性的检验有重要意义。
Beijing Spectrometer(BES Ⅲ)has collected data samples at several different energy points,such as J/ψ,ψ(2S),ψ(3770)and ψ(4040).And continuum data at3.650GeV were also collected.All these data samples can be used to study the physical topics at τ-charm energy region.
In this thesis,we introduce measurements of the branching fractions for D+s→η'ρ+and Ds+→η'X.Based on a sample of0.482fb-1data taken at (?)s=4.009GeV, we study the D+sD-s pairs decaying fromψ(4040).With the "single" tag method,we measured B(D+s+→η'ρ+)=(5.6±1.4)%；with "double tag" method,we measured召(D+s→η'X)=(9.1士2.0±0.5)%.Our measured B(Ds+→p+)is much d-ifferent from the world average(12.5±2.2)%,and our measured B(D+s→η'X)is consistent with the world average(11.7±1.8)%within uncertainty.Based on our measured B(D+s→η'ρ+)and the fractions of other D+s modes with η' measured by CLEO,we get B(η'K+)+B(η'π+)+B(η'ρ+)+)+B(η'l+νl)=(11.7±1.3)%(exclusive method),which is consistent with the inclusively measured B(D+s→η'X)within er-ror.This analysis resolves the puzzle in PDG:the world averages of B(Ds+→η'X) obtained with inclusive and exclusive method are not consistent. And,the measure-ment is important for testing the theories relevant with Ds decays,and also is helpful for understanding the mixing of η and η'.
In addition,this thesis reports a study on the strong phase difference δKπ between D00→K-π+and D0→K-π-+.With the world's largest ψ(3770)data sample taken at (?)=3.773GeV,we determined the most precise result of δKπ in the world using the quantum coherence between pair-produced D0and D0in ψ(3770)→D0D0.The result is very important for measuring the mixing of D0and D0,and helpful for testing the unitaritv of CKM matrix.
引文
[1]Murray Gell-Mann. A Schematic Model of Baryons and Mesons. Phys.Lett., 8:214-215,1964.
[2]G. Zweig. CERN Report,8419/TH412.1964.
[3]L.Maiani S.L.Glashow, J.Iliopoulos. Phys.Rev., D.2:1285,1970.
[4]J.J. Aubert et al. Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J. Phys.Rev.Lett., 33:1404-1406,1974.
[5]G.S. Abrams, D. Briggs, William Chinowsky, C.E. Friedberg, G. Goldhaber, et al. The Discovery of a Second Narrow Resonance in e+e- Annihilation. Phys.Rev.Lett.,33:1453-1455,1974.
[6]Martin L. Perl, G.S. Abrams, A. Boyarski, Martin Breidenbach, D. Brig-gs, et al. Evidence for Anomalous Lepton Production in e+e- Annihilation. Phys.Rev.Lett.,35:1489-1492,1975.
[7]F. Reines F.B. Harrison E.C. Anderson C.L. Cowan, Jr. and F.N. Hayes. Detection of the Free Neutrino:a Confirmation. Science,124:103-104,1956.
[8]G. Danby, J.M. Gaillard, Konstantin A. Goulianos, L.M. Lederman, Nari B. M-istry, et al. Observation of High-Energy Neutrino Reactions and the Existence of Two Kinds of Neutrinos. Phys.Rev.Lett.,9:36-44,1962.
[9]K. Kodama et al. Observation of tau neutrino interactions. Phys.Lett., B504:218-224,2001.
[10]S.L. Glashow. Partial Symmetries of Weak Interactions. Nucl.Phys.,22:579-588, 1961.
[11]Steven Weinberg. A Model of Leptons. Phys.Rev.Lett.,19:1264-1266,1967.
[12]N. Svartholm(Ed.) A. Sal am. Elementary Particle Theory, Almquist and Wiksell, Stockholm.1968.
[13]G. Arnison et al.. Phys.Lett., B 122:103,1983.
[14]G.'t Hooft. Nucl. Phys., B 35:167,1971.
[15]G.'t Hooft. Unpublished talk at the Marseille conference on renormalization of Yang-Mills fields and applications to particle physics.
[16]David J. Gross and Frank Wilczek. Ultraviolet Behavior of Nonabelian Gauge Theories. Phys.Rev.Lett.,30:1343-1346,1973.
[17]H. David Politzer. Reliable Perturbative Results for Strong Interactions. Phys.Rev.Lett.,30:1346-1349,1973.
[18]C. Quigg. Gauge Theories of the Strong, Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions. Addison-Wesley, Boston,1993.
[19]Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa. CP Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction. Prog.Theor.Phys.,49:652-657,1973.
[20]L. Wolfenstein. Parametrization of the Kobayashi-Maskawa Matrix. Phys. Rev. Lett.,51:21,1983.
[21]N. Cabibbo. Unitary Symmetry and Leptonic Decays. Phys. Rev. Lett.,10:12, 1963.
[22]Yifang Wang Kuang-Ta Chao. Physics at BES-Ⅲ, IHEP-Physics-Report-BES-Ⅲ-2008-001.
[23]Jonathan L. Rosner. Final state phases in charmed meson two-body nonleptonic decays. Phys.Rev., D60:114026,1999.
[24]Fu-Sheng Yu, Xiao-Xia Wang, and Cai-Dian Lu. Nonleptonic Two Body Decays of Charmed Mesons. Phys.Rev., D84:074019,2011.
[25]S. Dobbs et al. Inclusive Hadron Yields from D+Decays. Phys.Rev. D79:112008,2009.
[26]J. Beringer et al. Review of Particle Physics (RPP). Phys.Rev., D86:010001, 2012.
[27]Patricia Ball, J.M. Frere, and M. Tytgat. Phenomenological evidence for the gluon content of eta and eta-prime. Phys.Lett., B365:367-376,1996.
[28]A.N. Kamal, Q.P. Xu, and A. Czarnecki. Tests of factorization in D,of and B decays. Phys.Rev., D49:1330-1338,1994.
[29]A. Bean et al. Measurement of exclusive semileptonic decays of D mesons. Phys.Lett., B317:647-654,1993.
[30]T. Aaltonen et al. Evidence for D0-D0 mixing using the CDF Ⅱ Detector. Phys.Rev.Lett.,100:121802,2008.
[31]Bernard Aubert et al. Evidence for D0-anti-D0 Mixing. Phys.Rev.Lett., 98:211802,2007.
[32]M. Staric et al. Evidence for D0-D0 Mixing. Phys.Rev.Lett.,98:211803,2007.
[33]R Aaij et al. Observation of D0-D0 oscillations. Phys.Rev.Lett.,110:101802, 2013.
[34]北京正负电子对撞机重大改造工程BEPCⅡ初步设计报告(2003).直线加速器IHEP-BEPCⅡ-SB-03-2;储存环IHEP-BEPCⅡ-SB-03-3; BESⅢ探测器IHEP-BEPCⅡ-SB-03-4.
[35]Y.F. Wang K.T. Chao et al. Int.J.Mod.Phys., A24:1,2009.
[36]王贻芳.北京谱仪的设计与研制.上海科学技术出版社,上海,2011.
[37]H.M. Liu W.D. Li et al. The Offline Software for the BESIII Experiment, Pro-ceeding of CHEP06, Mumbai, India.2006.
[38]http://prpj-gaudi.web.cern.ch/prOj-gaudi
[39]邓子艳等.面对对象的BESⅢ探测器模拟系统.高能物理与核物理,30：371,2006.
[40]Z.P. Mao.Introduction of the BESⅢ Event Reconstruction System,BESIII Col-laboration Meeting.2008.
[41]K.L.He.Status of Tools software,BESⅢ Collaboration Meeting.2008.
[42]邹佳恒BESⅢ离线软件与D物理的研究.2009.山东大学.
[43]R.M.Baltrusaitis et al. Direct Measurements of Charmed d Meson Hadronic Branching Fractions.Phys.Rev.Lett.,56:2140,1986.
[44]J.Adler et al. A Reanalysis of Charmed d Meson Branching Fractions. Phys.Rev.Lett.,60:89,1988.
[45]M.Ablikim et al. Observation of e+e-→η/ψ at center-of-mass energy sqrts=4.009 GeV.Phys.Rev.,D86:071101,2012.
[46]R.G.Ping.Notes on the MC samples of ψ(4040).
[47]H.Albrecht et al.Search for Hadronic b→u Decays.Phys.Lett.,B241:278-282, 1990.
[48]P:L.Liu.Measurement of the branching fractions of Ds+→η'X and Ds+→η'p+. BESⅢ memo: http://docbes3.ihep.ac.cn/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=172.
[49]P.L.Liu.talk on K/π Tracking and PID Efficiency studies for ψ(3770)Data in BESⅢ Collaboration Meeting on Jun.3 2011.
[50]Onur.Albayrak.π0 Reconstruction Efficiency.BESⅢ memo: http://docbes3.ihep.ac.cn/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=165.
[51]PU.E.Onyisi et al. Improved Measurement of Absolute Hadronic Branching Fractions of the Ds+ Meson.Phys.Rev.,D88:032009,2013.
[52]D.Cronin-Hennessy et al.Measurement of Charm Production Cross Section-s in e+e- Annihilation at Energies between 3.97 and 4.26-GeV.Phys.Rev., D80:072001.2009.
[53]P.U.E.Onyisi et al.Improved Measurement of Absolute Hadronic Branching Fractions of the Ds+ Mcson.Phys.Rev.,D88(3):032009,2013.
[54]管颖慧.事例起始时间重建改进研究及D0-D0。混合参数y值的测量.2013.中国科学院大学.
[55]Xiaokang Zhou.Tag C P-eigenstate modes in D decays at BESⅢ.BESⅢ memo: http://docbes3.ihep.ac.cn/DocDB/0001/000184/006/CPTag15.pdf.
[56]Heavy Flavor Averaging Group.http://www.slac.stanford.edu/xorg/ hfag/charm/.
[57]Xiaokang Zhou.Determination of the Strong Phase Difference in D→Kπ at BESⅢ.BESⅢ memo: http://docbes3.ihep.ac.cn/DocDB/0001/000175/018/Memo_211.pdf.
[2]G. Zweig. CERN Report,8419/TH412.1964.
[3]L.Maiani S.L.Glashow, J.Iliopoulos. Phys.Rev., D.2:1285,1970.
[4]J.J. Aubert et al. Experimental Observation of a Heavy Particle J. Phys.Rev.Lett., 33:1404-1406,1974.
[5]G.S. Abrams, D. Briggs, William Chinowsky, C.E. Friedberg, G. Goldhaber, et al. The Discovery of a Second Narrow Resonance in e+e- Annihilation. Phys.Rev.Lett.,33:1453-1455,1974.
[6]Martin L. Perl, G.S. Abrams, A. Boyarski, Martin Breidenbach, D. Brig-gs, et al. Evidence for Anomalous Lepton Production in e+e- Annihilation. Phys.Rev.Lett.,35:1489-1492,1975.
[7]F. Reines F.B. Harrison E.C. Anderson C.L. Cowan, Jr. and F.N. Hayes. Detection of the Free Neutrino:a Confirmation. Science,124:103-104,1956.
[8]G. Danby, J.M. Gaillard, Konstantin A. Goulianos, L.M. Lederman, Nari B. M-istry, et al. Observation of High-Energy Neutrino Reactions and the Existence of Two Kinds of Neutrinos. Phys.Rev.Lett.,9:36-44,1962.
[9]K. Kodama et al. Observation of tau neutrino interactions. Phys.Lett., B504:218-224,2001.
[10]S.L. Glashow. Partial Symmetries of Weak Interactions. Nucl.Phys.,22:579-588, 1961.
[11]Steven Weinberg. A Model of Leptons. Phys.Rev.Lett.,19:1264-1266,1967.
[12]N. Svartholm(Ed.) A. Sal am. Elementary Particle Theory, Almquist and Wiksell, Stockholm.1968.
[13]G. Arnison et al.. Phys.Lett., B 122:103,1983.
[14]G.'t Hooft. Nucl. Phys., B 35:167,1971.
[15]G.'t Hooft. Unpublished talk at the Marseille conference on renormalization of Yang-Mills fields and applications to particle physics.
[16]David J. Gross and Frank Wilczek. Ultraviolet Behavior of Nonabelian Gauge Theories. Phys.Rev.Lett.,30:1343-1346,1973.
[17]H. David Politzer. Reliable Perturbative Results for Strong Interactions. Phys.Rev.Lett.,30:1346-1349,1973.
[18]C. Quigg. Gauge Theories of the Strong, Weak and Electromagnetic Interactions. Addison-Wesley, Boston,1993.
[19]Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa. CP Violation in the Renormalizable Theory of Weak Interaction. Prog.Theor.Phys.,49:652-657,1973.
[20]L. Wolfenstein. Parametrization of the Kobayashi-Maskawa Matrix. Phys. Rev. Lett.,51:21,1983.
[21]N. Cabibbo. Unitary Symmetry and Leptonic Decays. Phys. Rev. Lett.,10:12, 1963.
[22]Yifang Wang Kuang-Ta Chao. Physics at BES-Ⅲ, IHEP-Physics-Report-BES-Ⅲ-2008-001.
[23]Jonathan L. Rosner. Final state phases in charmed meson two-body nonleptonic decays. Phys.Rev., D60:114026,1999.
[24]Fu-Sheng Yu, Xiao-Xia Wang, and Cai-Dian Lu. Nonleptonic Two Body Decays of Charmed Mesons. Phys.Rev., D84:074019,2011.
[25]S. Dobbs et al. Inclusive Hadron Yields from D+Decays. Phys.Rev. D79:112008,2009.
[26]J. Beringer et al. Review of Particle Physics (RPP). Phys.Rev., D86:010001, 2012.
[27]Patricia Ball, J.M. Frere, and M. Tytgat. Phenomenological evidence for the gluon content of eta and eta-prime. Phys.Lett., B365:367-376,1996.
[28]A.N. Kamal, Q.P. Xu, and A. Czarnecki. Tests of factorization in D,of and B decays. Phys.Rev., D49:1330-1338,1994.
[29]A. Bean et al. Measurement of exclusive semileptonic decays of D mesons. Phys.Lett., B317:647-654,1993.
[30]T. Aaltonen et al. Evidence for D0-D0 mixing using the CDF Ⅱ Detector. Phys.Rev.Lett.,100:121802,2008.
[31]Bernard Aubert et al. Evidence for D0-anti-D0 Mixing. Phys.Rev.Lett., 98:211802,2007.
[32]M. Staric et al. Evidence for D0-D0 Mixing. Phys.Rev.Lett.,98:211803,2007.
[33]R Aaij et al. Observation of D0-D0 oscillations. Phys.Rev.Lett.,110:101802, 2013.
[34]北京正负电子对撞机重大改造工程BEPCⅡ初步设计报告(2003).直线加速器IHEP-BEPCⅡ-SB-03-2;储存环IHEP-BEPCⅡ-SB-03-3; BESⅢ探测器IHEP-BEPCⅡ-SB-03-4.
[35]Y.F. Wang K.T. Chao et al. Int.J.Mod.Phys., A24:1,2009.
[36]王贻芳.北京谱仪的设计与研制.上海科学技术出版社,上海,2011.
[37]H.M. Liu W.D. Li et al. The Offline Software for the BESIII Experiment, Pro-ceeding of CHEP06, Mumbai, India.2006.
[38]http://prpj-gaudi.web.cern.ch/prOj-gaudi
[39]邓子艳等.面对对象的BESⅢ探测器模拟系统.高能物理与核物理,30：371,2006.
[40]Z.P. Mao.Introduction of the BESⅢ Event Reconstruction System,BESIII Col-laboration Meeting.2008.
[41]K.L.He.Status of Tools software,BESⅢ Collaboration Meeting.2008.
[42]邹佳恒BESⅢ离线软件与D物理的研究.2009.山东大学.
[43]R.M.Baltrusaitis et al. Direct Measurements of Charmed d Meson Hadronic Branching Fractions.Phys.Rev.Lett.,56:2140,1986.
[44]J.Adler et al. A Reanalysis of Charmed d Meson Branching Fractions. Phys.Rev.Lett.,60:89,1988.
[45]M.Ablikim et al. Observation of e+e-→η/ψ at center-of-mass energy sqrts=4.009 GeV.Phys.Rev.,D86:071101,2012.
[46]R.G.Ping.Notes on the MC samples of ψ(4040).
[47]H.Albrecht et al.Search for Hadronic b→u Decays.Phys.Lett.,B241:278-282, 1990.
[48]P:L.Liu.Measurement of the branching fractions of Ds+→η'X and Ds+→η'p+. BESⅢ memo: http://docbes3.ihep.ac.cn/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=172.
[49]P.L.Liu.talk on K/π Tracking and PID Efficiency studies for ψ(3770)Data in BESⅢ Collaboration Meeting on Jun.3 2011.
[50]Onur.Albayrak.π0 Reconstruction Efficiency.BESⅢ memo: http://docbes3.ihep.ac.cn/cgi-bin/DocDB/ShowDocument?docid=165.
[51]PU.E.Onyisi et al. Improved Measurement of Absolute Hadronic Branching Fractions of the Ds+ Meson.Phys.Rev.,D88:032009,2013.
[52]D.Cronin-Hennessy et al.Measurement of Charm Production Cross Section-s in e+e- Annihilation at Energies between 3.97 and 4.26-GeV.Phys.Rev., D80:072001.2009.
[53]P.U.E.Onyisi et al.Improved Measurement of Absolute Hadronic Branching Fractions of the Ds+ Mcson.Phys.Rev.,D88(3):032009,2013.
[54]管颖慧.事例起始时间重建改进研究及D0-D0。混合参数y值的测量.2013.中国科学院大学.
[55]Xiaokang Zhou.Tag C P-eigenstate modes in D decays at BESⅢ.BESⅢ memo: http://docbes3.ihep.ac.cn/DocDB/0001/000184/006/CPTag15.pdf.
[56]Heavy Flavor Averaging Group.http://www.slac.stanford.edu/xorg/ hfag/charm/.
[57]Xiaokang Zhou.Determination of the Strong Phase Difference in D→Kπ at BESⅢ.BESⅢ memo: http://docbes3.ihep.ac.cn/DocDB/0001/000175/018/Memo_211.pdf.