一种ISAR相控阵雷达的实验研究
|
摘要
ISAR雷达通过发射宽带信号来获取高的距离分辨率,通过目标与雷达相对位置变化产生的多普勒信息获耳义高的横向分辨率,从而实现对运动目标的微波成像。这利,新体制雷达在目标特性测量、目标识别等方面有着较为广泛的应用前景。本文结合工程实践介绍了一种ISAR相控阵雷达演示验证系统的主要关键技术及工程实现方法。
ISAR相控阵雷达演示验证系统采用分布式子阵有源相控阵体制,以窄带、宽带信号交替发射的方式实现目标的ISAR成像。数据处理采用卡尔曼滤波器和自适应能量调度,有较好的目标跟踪性能和灵活的资源分配方式;发射系统由16台高功率宽带发射机组成,发射信号通过馈电网络空问功率合成,实现了较高的功率合成效率和较好的宽带幅相特性;宽带相控阵天线采用延时器+移相器的方案,有效解决了孔径渡越时间对宽带信号的带宽限制,满足宽带成像要求。
论文还介绍了系统集成实验,提出宽带幅相误差补偿的新方法,并给出飞机及国际空间站ISAR成像实验数据。
ISAR (inverse synthesize aperture radar) can obtain high range resolution by applying wide band signals and high azimuth resolution by the Doppler information which is achieved by the relative movement of the target and the radar. Thus we can get the radar image of moving target. This new mechanism radar can be extensively applied to target character measurement, target identification and so on. This thesis introduces the main techniques and the engineering implementation approaches of a phased array ISAR demonstration system.
The distributed active phased subarray mechanism is adopted in the demonstration system. The ISAR image is obtained by transmitting narrowband and wideband signals alternately. The Kalman filter and adaptive energy schedule are applied to data processing, which makes it a better tracking performance and flexible distribution of radar resource. The transmitting system is composed of 16 high power and wideband transmitters. The power is synthesized in air by the transmitting signals which get across the feedback network. The system has a better power synthesis efficiency and wideband amplitude-phase character. Wideband phased array antenna which composed of real time delayers and phase shifters figure out the bandwidth limit of wideband signals which brings by the aperture duration. Then the imaging request is satisfied.
This thesis also introduces system integration experiment and a new method of wideband amplitude-phase error compensation. Some ISAR image experiment data of airplanes and the international space station are given.
ISAR相控阵雷达演示验证系统采用分布式子阵有源相控阵体制,以窄带、宽带信号交替发射的方式实现目标的ISAR成像。数据处理采用卡尔曼滤波器和自适应能量调度,有较好的目标跟踪性能和灵活的资源分配方式;发射系统由16台高功率宽带发射机组成,发射信号通过馈电网络空问功率合成,实现了较高的功率合成效率和较好的宽带幅相特性;宽带相控阵天线采用延时器+移相器的方案,有效解决了孔径渡越时间对宽带信号的带宽限制,满足宽带成像要求。
论文还介绍了系统集成实验,提出宽带幅相误差补偿的新方法,并给出飞机及国际空间站ISAR成像实验数据。
ISAR (inverse synthesize aperture radar) can obtain high range resolution by applying wide band signals and high azimuth resolution by the Doppler information which is achieved by the relative movement of the target and the radar. Thus we can get the radar image of moving target. This new mechanism radar can be extensively applied to target character measurement, target identification and so on. This thesis introduces the main techniques and the engineering implementation approaches of a phased array ISAR demonstration system.
The distributed active phased subarray mechanism is adopted in the demonstration system. The ISAR image is obtained by transmitting narrowband and wideband signals alternately. The Kalman filter and adaptive energy schedule are applied to data processing, which makes it a better tracking performance and flexible distribution of radar resource. The transmitting system is composed of 16 high power and wideband transmitters. The power is synthesized in air by the transmitting signals which get across the feedback network. The system has a better power synthesis efficiency and wideband amplitude-phase character. Wideband phased array antenna which composed of real time delayers and phase shifters figure out the bandwidth limit of wideband signals which brings by the aperture duration. Then the imaging request is satisfied.
This thesis also introduces system integration experiment and a new method of wideband amplitude-phase error compensation. Some ISAR image experiment data of airplanes and the international space station are given.
引文
1.保铮,邢孟道,王彤.雷达成像技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2005
2.张光义,赵玉洁.相控阵雷达技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2006
3.张澄波.综合孔径雷达.北京:科学出版社,1989
4.D.R.Wehner.High Resolusion Radar.Artech House,1987
5.C.W.Sherwin,J.P.Ruina and R.D.Rawcliffe,Some Early Development in Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems,IRE Trans.On Military Electronics,1962,Vol.MIL-6(2):111-115
6.D.A.Ausherman,A.Kozma,J.L.Walker,H.M.Jones,E.C.Poggio,Developments in Radar Imaging,IEEE Trans.on AES.,1984,Vol.20(4):363-399
7.E.R.Caro,SIR-C the Next Generation Spaceborne SAR,The Second Symposium,JPL N87-17161,Apr.,1986
8.J.L.Walker,Range-Doppler Imaging of Rotating Objects,IEEE Trans.on AES,1980,Vol.AES-16(1):23-52
9.C.C.Chen,H.C.Andrews,Target-Motion-induced Radar Imaging,IEEE Trans.on AES,1980,Vol.16:2-14
10.D.J.glass,Inverse Synthetic Aperture Technology Aids Radar Identification of Ships,AW&ST,Sept.1987
11.马骏声.GBR地基成像雷达及其难点.航天电子对抗,1994(4):32-35
12.单荣光,李士国等.跟踪雷达的ISAR成像实验研究.现代雷达,1995(3):9-12
13.单荣光,李士国等.相控阵雷达二维成像实验研究.现代雷达,1996(6):8-11
14.李治铭,陆中行等.有源相控阵雷达距离高分辨试验研究.现代雷达,1997(3):14-19
15.郭彪,陈曾平.ISAR雷达成像算法综述.电子工程,1998(2):7-12
16.罗琳.逆合成孔径雷达成像方法的实验研究.西安电子科技大学博士论文,1998
17.冯德军等.空间目标成像仿真研究.航天电子对抗,2005(2):21-24
18.马骏声.战术弹道导弹防御用地基雷达的现状与未来.航空电子对抗,1995(3):23-27
19.马骏声.目标识别与GBR地基成像雷达.航天电子对抗,1996(4):1-5
20.杨力斌,王雪松等.相控阵雷达导弹防御能力仿真评估研究.系统仿真学报,2004(7):1417-1424
21.冯德军,陶华敏等.弹道目标雷达宽带识别仿真与评估.系统仿真学 报,2006(1):225-228
22.刘永祥,黎湘等.导弹防御系统中的雷达目标识别技术进展.系统工程与电子技术,2006(8):1188-1193
23.卢建斌,胡卫东,郁文贤.基于协方差控制的相控阵雷达资源管理算法,电子学报,2007(3):402-408
24.杨春玲,刘国岁,倪晋麟.基于转换坐标卡尔曼滤波算法的雷达目标跟踪,现代雷达,1998(5):48-54
25.马玲.边扫描边跟踪雷达航迹跟踪算法的研究,西北工业大学硕士论文,2004
26.谢宁,杨军,随予行.脉冲行波管发射机功率合成技术的研究,现代雷达,2007(9):87-91
27.胡学成,张华,江卫,刘中.机载相控阵雷达多分辨率成像研究,兵工学报,2007(6):656-660
28.杨文军,张鹏,徐泳.一种新体制的高分辨成像雷达试验研究,现代雷达,2006(2):8-10
29.陈泳,汪欣,张宁.X波段1 GHz宽带接收系统的设计与实现,现代雷达,2005(2):50-52
30.周健.一种基于失真估计的ISAR系统补偿算法,现代雷达,2004(7):62-63
31.杨文军,徐泳,王峰,向勇奇.宽带系统失真补偿信号的提取方法,现代雷达,2006(5):8-11
2.张光义,赵玉洁.相控阵雷达技术.北京:电子工业出版社,2006
3.张澄波.综合孔径雷达.北京:科学出版社,1989
4.D.R.Wehner.High Resolusion Radar.Artech House,1987
5.C.W.Sherwin,J.P.Ruina and R.D.Rawcliffe,Some Early Development in Synthetic Aperture Radar Systems,IRE Trans.On Military Electronics,1962,Vol.MIL-6(2):111-115
6.D.A.Ausherman,A.Kozma,J.L.Walker,H.M.Jones,E.C.Poggio,Developments in Radar Imaging,IEEE Trans.on AES.,1984,Vol.20(4):363-399
7.E.R.Caro,SIR-C the Next Generation Spaceborne SAR,The Second Symposium,JPL N87-17161,Apr.,1986
8.J.L.Walker,Range-Doppler Imaging of Rotating Objects,IEEE Trans.on AES,1980,Vol.AES-16(1):23-52
9.C.C.Chen,H.C.Andrews,Target-Motion-induced Radar Imaging,IEEE Trans.on AES,1980,Vol.16:2-14
10.D.J.glass,Inverse Synthetic Aperture Technology Aids Radar Identification of Ships,AW&ST,Sept.1987
11.马骏声.GBR地基成像雷达及其难点.航天电子对抗,1994(4):32-35
12.单荣光,李士国等.跟踪雷达的ISAR成像实验研究.现代雷达,1995(3):9-12
13.单荣光,李士国等.相控阵雷达二维成像实验研究.现代雷达,1996(6):8-11
14.李治铭,陆中行等.有源相控阵雷达距离高分辨试验研究.现代雷达,1997(3):14-19
15.郭彪,陈曾平.ISAR雷达成像算法综述.电子工程,1998(2):7-12
16.罗琳.逆合成孔径雷达成像方法的实验研究.西安电子科技大学博士论文,1998
17.冯德军等.空间目标成像仿真研究.航天电子对抗,2005(2):21-24
18.马骏声.战术弹道导弹防御用地基雷达的现状与未来.航空电子对抗,1995(3):23-27
19.马骏声.目标识别与GBR地基成像雷达.航天电子对抗,1996(4):1-5
20.杨力斌,王雪松等.相控阵雷达导弹防御能力仿真评估研究.系统仿真学报,2004(7):1417-1424
21.冯德军,陶华敏等.弹道目标雷达宽带识别仿真与评估.系统仿真学 报,2006(1):225-228
22.刘永祥,黎湘等.导弹防御系统中的雷达目标识别技术进展.系统工程与电子技术,2006(8):1188-1193
23.卢建斌,胡卫东,郁文贤.基于协方差控制的相控阵雷达资源管理算法,电子学报,2007(3):402-408
24.杨春玲,刘国岁,倪晋麟.基于转换坐标卡尔曼滤波算法的雷达目标跟踪,现代雷达,1998(5):48-54
25.马玲.边扫描边跟踪雷达航迹跟踪算法的研究,西北工业大学硕士论文,2004
26.谢宁,杨军,随予行.脉冲行波管发射机功率合成技术的研究,现代雷达,2007(9):87-91
27.胡学成,张华,江卫,刘中.机载相控阵雷达多分辨率成像研究,兵工学报,2007(6):656-660
28.杨文军,张鹏,徐泳.一种新体制的高分辨成像雷达试验研究,现代雷达,2006(2):8-10
29.陈泳,汪欣,张宁.X波段1 GHz宽带接收系统的设计与实现,现代雷达,2005(2):50-52
30.周健.一种基于失真估计的ISAR系统补偿算法,现代雷达,2004(7):62-63
31.杨文军,徐泳,王峰,向勇奇.宽带系统失真补偿信号的提取方法,现代雷达,2006(5):8-11