井组平台无功动态补偿技术的研究
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摘要
游梁式抽油机是国内各大油田普遍使用的采油机械,其电力消耗是油田最主要的能源消耗。游梁式抽油机的负载特性以及井组平台的运行特性导致了油田配电网功率因数普遍偏低,增加了配电网的电压损失与有功损耗。
通过分析传统无功功率测量方式的基本原理并借鉴曲线拟合理论提出了基于90?接线原理两采样值积算法计算系统的无功功率,有效地提高了无功功率的计算效率和计算精度。将模糊控制算法与电压无功控制相结合制订了符合现场实际控制要求的井组平台电压无功模糊控制规则,抑制了补偿电容器组的频繁投切,改善了无功补偿的效果。
以DSP2812为核心并辅以必要外围器件的完成了无功补偿控制器设计,通过实验室搭建模拟平台以及现场运行验证了该控制器完全满足电压无功控制的基本要求,有效地提高了油田配电网的功率因数,减少了配电网由于传输无功功率而带来的有功损耗,降低了油田的生产成本,达到了预期的设计目标。
Beam pumping unit is the widely used oil production method in our country, and its power consumption is the main energy consumption in oilfield. The power factor of distribution system is very low because of the beam pumping unit’s load characteristics and oil well group platform’s operating characteristics, increases voltage and power losses. This paper proposes two sampling value product based on 90 degree to calculate reactive
power by studying the basic principle of traditional reactive power measurement metholds and the curve fitting theory of microcomputer protection algorithm. This method improves the calculate precision and efficiency. This paper sets a new voltage and reactive power fuzzy control strategy that meets the actual control requirement by fusing the fuzzy control strategy and the voltage and reactive power control strategy, inhibits the capacitor frequent action and improves the effect of reactive power compensation.
The new reactive power compensation controller was designed based on DSP2812 and some other necessary hardware. It fully meets the basic requirments of voltage and reactive power control and improves the power factor of distribution system through building simulation platform in laboratory and field operating, reduces power losses of distribution system because of reactive power transmission, decreases production cost of oilfields, achieves the desired goal.
通过分析传统无功功率测量方式的基本原理并借鉴曲线拟合理论提出了基于90?接线原理两采样值积算法计算系统的无功功率,有效地提高了无功功率的计算效率和计算精度。将模糊控制算法与电压无功控制相结合制订了符合现场实际控制要求的井组平台电压无功模糊控制规则,抑制了补偿电容器组的频繁投切,改善了无功补偿的效果。
以DSP2812为核心并辅以必要外围器件的完成了无功补偿控制器设计,通过实验室搭建模拟平台以及现场运行验证了该控制器完全满足电压无功控制的基本要求,有效地提高了油田配电网的功率因数,减少了配电网由于传输无功功率而带来的有功损耗,降低了油田的生产成本,达到了预期的设计目标。
Beam pumping unit is the widely used oil production method in our country, and its power consumption is the main energy consumption in oilfield. The power factor of distribution system is very low because of the beam pumping unit’s load characteristics and oil well group platform’s operating characteristics, increases voltage and power losses. This paper proposes two sampling value product based on 90 degree to calculate reactive
power by studying the basic principle of traditional reactive power measurement metholds and the curve fitting theory of microcomputer protection algorithm. This method improves the calculate precision and efficiency. This paper sets a new voltage and reactive power fuzzy control strategy that meets the actual control requirement by fusing the fuzzy control strategy and the voltage and reactive power control strategy, inhibits the capacitor frequent action and improves the effect of reactive power compensation.
The new reactive power compensation controller was designed based on DSP2812 and some other necessary hardware. It fully meets the basic requirments of voltage and reactive power control and improves the power factor of distribution system through building simulation platform in laboratory and field operating, reduces power losses of distribution system because of reactive power transmission, decreases production cost of oilfields, achieves the desired goal.
引文
[1]程汉湘,刘建,文小玲等.抽油机负载特性及其功率因数提高的研究[J].电工技术杂志.2003(5):55-59
[2]冯兴田,仉志华,肖坤.无功补偿技术在游梁式抽油机中的应用[J].电气应用.2008,27(18):28-31
[3]仉志华,丁轶成,陈继明.无功动态补偿及谐波抑制技术在油田配电网上的应用[J].电气应用.2006,25(8):35-37
[4]张小宁,张宝贵,陆则印等.油田抽油机供电系统无功补偿研究与应用[J].电力自动化设备.2004(4):57-60
[5]何仰赞,温增银.电力系统分析(下册)第三版[M].华中科技大学出版社:93-103
[6]王兆安,杨君,刘进军等.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿(第二版)[M].机械工业出版社:1-209
[7]何平,王鸿绪.模糊控制器的设计及应用[M].科学出版社:140-155
[8] Jong-Young Park.Coordination of an SVC and external reactor/ capacitor banks using fuzzy multi-objective optimization[C].IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Vancouver,BC,Canada 200l.3:1483-1488
[9]王磊,黄纯,郭上华等.基于模糊控制理论的变电站电压无功综合控制装置的设计[J].继电器.2003,31(8):41-42
[10]田景文,高美娟.人工神经网络算法研究及应用[M].北京理工大学出版社:1-39
[11] Hopfield,J.J. Neural network and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities[J]. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,1982,79:1552-2558
[12] F. L. Lewis, K.Liu, and A. Yesildirek. Neural net robot controller with guaranteed tracking Performance[J]. IEEE Trans. Neural Networks,1995:703-710
[13]彭建春,王耀南,黄纯.基于神经网络的静止无功补偿器自校正内模控制[J].电网技术.1997,21(11):32-36
[14]程汉湘,刘建,文小玲等.抽油机负载特性及其功率因数提高的研究[J].电工技术杂志.2003(5):55-59
[15]项庆林,石成柱,仉志华等.一种电机保护器缺相误动原因分析及对策[J].电测与仪表.2009,46(7):70-73
[16]林瑞光.电机与拖动基础[M].浙江大学出版社:105-147
[17]王正风.无功功率与电力系统运行[M].中国电力出版社:1-88
[18]邱关源.电路[M].高等教育出版社:190-258
[19]何仰赞,温增银.电力系统分析(下册)第三版[M].华中科技大学出版社:1-107
[20]孟祥忠,王玉兵,张秀娟.变电站微机监控与保护技术[M].中国电力出版社:55-80
[21]栗时平,刘桂英.静止无功功率补偿技术[M].中国电力出版社:22-96
[22]刘文胜,高俊如,马士英.利用模糊控制技术的动态无功补偿装置[J].农村电气化.2006,6(26):55-56
[23]朱罡.电力系统静止无功补偿技术的现状和发展[J].电力电容器.2001,4(7):31-34
[24]张保会,尹项根.电力系统继电保护[M].中国电力出版社:296-305
[25]刘兵,阮江军,罗湘等.基于曲线拟合法的新型定制电力设备快速检测算法[J].电力自动化设备.2007,27(9):55-58
[26]濮开贵.正弦系统电参数的两采集值积算法理论与误差[J].微特电机.1991(1):2-5
[27]李建中.变电站电压无功综合调节模糊控制研究[J].中国电力.1998(4):43-45
[28]王耀南,徐泽平.电压无功控制系统中模糊积分控制器的设计[J].电工技术学报.2002,17(1):101-104
[29]庄曰平,李伟.基于粗糙集和模糊理论的变电站电压无功控制策略[J].武汉大学学报(工学版).2007,40 (5):112-125
[30] Chiu S, Chand S and Chandhary A. Fuzzy Logic for Control of Roll and Moment for a Flexible Wing Aircraft[J]. IEEE Control Systems Magazine:42-48
[31] Michels K.A Model-Based Fuzzy Controller. Fuzzy Sets and Systems,1997,85:223-232
[32]张明军,厉吉文,董洁.模糊边界的电压无功调节判据[J].电力自动化设备.2004,24(11):58—59
[33]余涛,周斌.电力系统电压/无功控制策略研究综述[J].继电器.2008,36(6):79-85
[34]张小英,迟瑞军,胡奉东等.变电站电压无功综合控制策略的研究[J].湖北电力,2004,28(3):13-15
[35]梁国坚,梁冠安,高明振.电力系统无功功率的模糊优化控制[J].电网技术.1997,21(11):42-44
[36]张曾科.模糊数学在自动化技术中的应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社:131-133
[37]孙增析.智能控制理论与技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社:41-49
[38]汤兵勇,路林吉等.模糊控制理论与应用技术[M].清华大学出版社:52-62
[39]党存禄,李钧国,马安仁等.模糊神经网络型中压无功补偿控制器[J].电气应用.2006,25(10):49-52
[40]章卫国,杨向忠.模糊控制理论与应用[M].西北工业大学出版社:48-63
[41]上官宇剑,谢利理,刘素梅.基于功率因数的节能控制器的设计[J].机电一体化.2007(6):73-75
[42] Maffrand C, Dixon J W , Morán L. Binary cont rolled static VAR compensator, based on electronically switched capacitors [C]. Proceedings of Power Electronics Specialist Conference, PESC 98 Fukuoka, Japan, 1998, 2: 1392-1396
[43] Dixon J, Del Valle Y, Orchard M , et a l . A full compensating system for general loads, based on a combination of thyristor binary compensator, and a PWM-IGBT active power filter [J]. IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2001, 50 (5) : 982-989
[44]袁光明,张波,王丹等.晶闸管投切电容的最佳编码方式与最优投切阈值的数学分析和应用[J].电网技术.2004,28(23):43-46
[45]鞠非.无功补偿电容器串联电抗器的选择[J].电力电容器.2006(6):4-7
[46] F.Harashima. Power eletronics and motion control-a future perspective[J]. Proceedings of IEEE,1994,(8):1107-1111
[47]苏奎峰,吕强,耿庆峰等.TMS320F2812原理与开发[M].电子工业出版社:11-123
[48]王潞刚,陈林康,曾岳南等.DSP C2000程序员高手进阶[M].机械工业出版社:39-100
[49]周欣.铁电存储器FRAM在风速仪中的应用[J].电力电子教学学报.2009,31(3):62-64
[50]梁振光.电磁兼容原理、技术及应用[M].机械工业出版社:1-44
[2]冯兴田,仉志华,肖坤.无功补偿技术在游梁式抽油机中的应用[J].电气应用.2008,27(18):28-31
[3]仉志华,丁轶成,陈继明.无功动态补偿及谐波抑制技术在油田配电网上的应用[J].电气应用.2006,25(8):35-37
[4]张小宁,张宝贵,陆则印等.油田抽油机供电系统无功补偿研究与应用[J].电力自动化设备.2004(4):57-60
[5]何仰赞,温增银.电力系统分析(下册)第三版[M].华中科技大学出版社:93-103
[6]王兆安,杨君,刘进军等.谐波抑制和无功功率补偿(第二版)[M].机械工业出版社:1-209
[7]何平,王鸿绪.模糊控制器的设计及应用[M].科学出版社:140-155
[8] Jong-Young Park.Coordination of an SVC and external reactor/ capacitor banks using fuzzy multi-objective optimization[C].IEEE Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting. Vancouver,BC,Canada 200l.3:1483-1488
[9]王磊,黄纯,郭上华等.基于模糊控制理论的变电站电压无功综合控制装置的设计[J].继电器.2003,31(8):41-42
[10]田景文,高美娟.人工神经网络算法研究及应用[M].北京理工大学出版社:1-39
[11] Hopfield,J.J. Neural network and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities[J]. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA,1982,79:1552-2558
[12] F. L. Lewis, K.Liu, and A. Yesildirek. Neural net robot controller with guaranteed tracking Performance[J]. IEEE Trans. Neural Networks,1995:703-710
[13]彭建春,王耀南,黄纯.基于神经网络的静止无功补偿器自校正内模控制[J].电网技术.1997,21(11):32-36
[14]程汉湘,刘建,文小玲等.抽油机负载特性及其功率因数提高的研究[J].电工技术杂志.2003(5):55-59
[15]项庆林,石成柱,仉志华等.一种电机保护器缺相误动原因分析及对策[J].电测与仪表.2009,46(7):70-73
[16]林瑞光.电机与拖动基础[M].浙江大学出版社:105-147
[17]王正风.无功功率与电力系统运行[M].中国电力出版社:1-88
[18]邱关源.电路[M].高等教育出版社:190-258
[19]何仰赞,温增银.电力系统分析(下册)第三版[M].华中科技大学出版社:1-107
[20]孟祥忠,王玉兵,张秀娟.变电站微机监控与保护技术[M].中国电力出版社:55-80
[21]栗时平,刘桂英.静止无功功率补偿技术[M].中国电力出版社:22-96
[22]刘文胜,高俊如,马士英.利用模糊控制技术的动态无功补偿装置[J].农村电气化.2006,6(26):55-56
[23]朱罡.电力系统静止无功补偿技术的现状和发展[J].电力电容器.2001,4(7):31-34
[24]张保会,尹项根.电力系统继电保护[M].中国电力出版社:296-305
[25]刘兵,阮江军,罗湘等.基于曲线拟合法的新型定制电力设备快速检测算法[J].电力自动化设备.2007,27(9):55-58
[26]濮开贵.正弦系统电参数的两采集值积算法理论与误差[J].微特电机.1991(1):2-5
[27]李建中.变电站电压无功综合调节模糊控制研究[J].中国电力.1998(4):43-45
[28]王耀南,徐泽平.电压无功控制系统中模糊积分控制器的设计[J].电工技术学报.2002,17(1):101-104
[29]庄曰平,李伟.基于粗糙集和模糊理论的变电站电压无功控制策略[J].武汉大学学报(工学版).2007,40 (5):112-125
[30] Chiu S, Chand S and Chandhary A. Fuzzy Logic for Control of Roll and Moment for a Flexible Wing Aircraft[J]. IEEE Control Systems Magazine:42-48
[31] Michels K.A Model-Based Fuzzy Controller. Fuzzy Sets and Systems,1997,85:223-232
[32]张明军,厉吉文,董洁.模糊边界的电压无功调节判据[J].电力自动化设备.2004,24(11):58—59
[33]余涛,周斌.电力系统电压/无功控制策略研究综述[J].继电器.2008,36(6):79-85
[34]张小英,迟瑞军,胡奉东等.变电站电压无功综合控制策略的研究[J].湖北电力,2004,28(3):13-15
[35]梁国坚,梁冠安,高明振.电力系统无功功率的模糊优化控制[J].电网技术.1997,21(11):42-44
[36]张曾科.模糊数学在自动化技术中的应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社:131-133
[37]孙增析.智能控制理论与技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社:41-49
[38]汤兵勇,路林吉等.模糊控制理论与应用技术[M].清华大学出版社:52-62
[39]党存禄,李钧国,马安仁等.模糊神经网络型中压无功补偿控制器[J].电气应用.2006,25(10):49-52
[40]章卫国,杨向忠.模糊控制理论与应用[M].西北工业大学出版社:48-63
[41]上官宇剑,谢利理,刘素梅.基于功率因数的节能控制器的设计[J].机电一体化.2007(6):73-75
[42] Maffrand C, Dixon J W , Morán L. Binary cont rolled static VAR compensator, based on electronically switched capacitors [C]. Proceedings of Power Electronics Specialist Conference, PESC 98 Fukuoka, Japan, 1998, 2: 1392-1396
[43] Dixon J, Del Valle Y, Orchard M , et a l . A full compensating system for general loads, based on a combination of thyristor binary compensator, and a PWM-IGBT active power filter [J]. IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2001, 50 (5) : 982-989
[44]袁光明,张波,王丹等.晶闸管投切电容的最佳编码方式与最优投切阈值的数学分析和应用[J].电网技术.2004,28(23):43-46
[45]鞠非.无功补偿电容器串联电抗器的选择[J].电力电容器.2006(6):4-7
[46] F.Harashima. Power eletronics and motion control-a future perspective[J]. Proceedings of IEEE,1994,(8):1107-1111
[47]苏奎峰,吕强,耿庆峰等.TMS320F2812原理与开发[M].电子工业出版社:11-123
[48]王潞刚,陈林康,曾岳南等.DSP C2000程序员高手进阶[M].机械工业出版社:39-100
[49]周欣.铁电存储器FRAM在风速仪中的应用[J].电力电子教学学报.2009,31(3):62-64
[50]梁振光.电磁兼容原理、技术及应用[M].机械工业出版社:1-44