黑果腺肋花楸和头花蓼的化学成分及其生物活性的研究
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摘要
1．黑果腺肋花楸(Aronia melanocarpa Elliot)系蔷薇科腺肋花楸属多年生落叶灌木，原产于美国东北部，波罗的海沿岸至太平洋沿岸均有广泛分布，我国于上世纪九十年代开始引种。黑果腺肋花楸果实及其提取物在抗氧化、抗炎、抗癌、降血糖等方面具有良好的生物活性，对心血管疾病具有特殊的疗效。
从黑果腺肋花楸(Aronia melanocarpa Elliot)幼苗和果实的乙醇提取物中，经过硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、聚酰胺柱色谱、制备薄层色谱以及RP-HPLC等多种色谱手段共分离得到31个化合物，利用理化常数测定、光谱数据分析和化学方法鉴定了其中28个化合物的结构，分别属于三萜类、黄酮类、酚酸类、甾醇类、糖及糖苷类等成分，它们分别为16-O-乙酰基-21-O-当归酰基茶苷元A 3-O-[β-D-吡喃半乳糖基(1→2)][β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸(16-O-acetyl-21-O-angeloyltheasapogenol A 3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl(1→2)][β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic
acid，1)，16，28-O-二乙酰基-21-O-惕铬酰基茶苷元A 3-O-[β-D-吡喃半乳糖基(1→2)][β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸(16，28-O-diacetyl-21-O-tigloyltheasapogenol A 3-O-[β-D- galactopyranosyl(1→2)][β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid，2)，木栓酮(friedelin，3)，白桦脂酸(betulinic acid，4)，白桦脂醇(betulin，5)，23-羟基白桦脂酸(23-hydroxybetulinic acid，6)，白桦脂酸3β-咖啡酸酯(betulinic acid
3β-caffeate，7)，23-羟基白桦脂酸3β-咖啡酸酯(23-hydroxybetulinic acid 3β-caffeate，8)，熊果酸(ursolic acid，9)，2α-羟基齐墩果酸(2α-hydroxyoleanolic acid，10)，3β-O-乙酰熊果酸(3β-O-acetylursolic acid，11)，19α-羟基熊果酸(19α-hydroxyursolic
acid，12)，2α，3α-二羟基熊果酸(2α，3α-dihydroxyursolic acid，13)，2α，3α，19α-三羟基熊果酸(2α，3α，19α-trihydroxyursolic acid，14)，(-)-表儿茶素((-)-epicatechin，15)，槲皮素(quercetin，16)，金丝桃苷(hyperoside，17)，原儿茶酸(protocatechuic
acid，18)，2，4，6-三羟基苯甲醛(2，4，6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde，19)，β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol，20)，胡萝卜苷(daucosterol，21)，野樱苷(prunasin，22)，熊果苷(arbutin，23)，1，4-二羟基-2，6-二甲氧基苯-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1，4-dihydroxy
1. Aronia melanocarpa Elliot, belonging to Rosaceae, is a low wood origin of the northeast of America. It was introduced and cultivated in China from the 1990's. The fruits and the extracts of Aronia melanocarpa have been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antihyperglycemic activities, and also have the therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases.
From the ethanol extracts of the seedlings and the fruits of Aronia melanocarpa Elliot, 31 compounds were isolated by various chromatographic and recrystallized methods. On the basis of analysis of NMR, MS data, measurement of physico-chemical characters and chemical methods, the structures of 28 compounds, which belonging to triterpenes, flavonoids and so on, were identified as: 16-O-acetyl-21-O-angeloyl theasapogenol A 3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl (1→2][β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→>2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→)3)]-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (1), 16,28-O-diacetyl-21-O tigloyltheasapogenol A 3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl(1→2)][β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2) -α -L-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (2), friedelin (3), betulinic acid (4), betulin (5), 23-hydroxybetulinic acid (6), betulinic acid 3β-caffeate (7), 23-hydroxybetulinic acid 3β-caffeate (8), ursolic acid (9), 2α-hydroxyoleanolic acid (10), 3β-O-acetylursolic acid (11), 19α-hydroxyursolic acid (12), 2α,3α-dihydroxyursolic acid (13), 2α, 3α,19α-trihydroxyursolic acid (14), (-)-epicatechin(15),
从黑果腺肋花楸(Aronia melanocarpa Elliot)幼苗和果实的乙醇提取物中，经过硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱、聚酰胺柱色谱、制备薄层色谱以及RP-HPLC等多种色谱手段共分离得到31个化合物，利用理化常数测定、光谱数据分析和化学方法鉴定了其中28个化合物的结构，分别属于三萜类、黄酮类、酚酸类、甾醇类、糖及糖苷类等成分，它们分别为16-O-乙酰基-21-O-当归酰基茶苷元A 3-O-[β-D-吡喃半乳糖基(1→2)][β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸(16-O-acetyl-21-O-angeloyltheasapogenol A 3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl(1→2)][β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic
acid，1)，16，28-O-二乙酰基-21-O-惕铬酰基茶苷元A 3-O-[β-D-吡喃半乳糖基(1→2)][β-D-吡喃木糖基(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖基(1→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸(16，28-O-diacetyl-21-O-tigloyltheasapogenol A 3-O-[β-D- galactopyranosyl(1→2)][β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid，2)，木栓酮(friedelin，3)，白桦脂酸(betulinic acid，4)，白桦脂醇(betulin，5)，23-羟基白桦脂酸(23-hydroxybetulinic acid，6)，白桦脂酸3β-咖啡酸酯(betulinic acid
3β-caffeate，7)，23-羟基白桦脂酸3β-咖啡酸酯(23-hydroxybetulinic acid 3β-caffeate，8)，熊果酸(ursolic acid，9)，2α-羟基齐墩果酸(2α-hydroxyoleanolic acid，10)，3β-O-乙酰熊果酸(3β-O-acetylursolic acid，11)，19α-羟基熊果酸(19α-hydroxyursolic
acid，12)，2α，3α-二羟基熊果酸(2α，3α-dihydroxyursolic acid，13)，2α，3α，19α-三羟基熊果酸(2α，3α，19α-trihydroxyursolic acid，14)，(-)-表儿茶素((-)-epicatechin，15)，槲皮素(quercetin，16)，金丝桃苷(hyperoside，17)，原儿茶酸(protocatechuic
acid，18)，2，4，6-三羟基苯甲醛(2，4，6-trihydroxybenzaldehyde，19)，β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol，20)，胡萝卜苷(daucosterol，21)，野樱苷(prunasin，22)，熊果苷(arbutin，23)，1，4-二羟基-2，6-二甲氧基苯-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1，4-dihydroxy
1. Aronia melanocarpa Elliot, belonging to Rosaceae, is a low wood origin of the northeast of America. It was introduced and cultivated in China from the 1990's. The fruits and the extracts of Aronia melanocarpa have been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antihyperglycemic activities, and also have the therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases.
From the ethanol extracts of the seedlings and the fruits of Aronia melanocarpa Elliot, 31 compounds were isolated by various chromatographic and recrystallized methods. On the basis of analysis of NMR, MS data, measurement of physico-chemical characters and chemical methods, the structures of 28 compounds, which belonging to triterpenes, flavonoids and so on, were identified as: 16-O-acetyl-21-O-angeloyl theasapogenol A 3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl (1→2][β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→>2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→)3)]-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (1), 16,28-O-diacetyl-21-O tigloyltheasapogenol A 3-O-[β-D-galactopyranosyl(1→2)][β-D-xylopyranosyl(1→2) -α -L-arabinopyranosyl(1→3)]-β-D-glucopyranosiduronic acid (2), friedelin (3), betulinic acid (4), betulin (5), 23-hydroxybetulinic acid (6), betulinic acid 3β-caffeate (7), 23-hydroxybetulinic acid 3β-caffeate (8), ursolic acid (9), 2α-hydroxyoleanolic acid (10), 3β-O-acetylursolic acid (11), 19α-hydroxyursolic acid (12), 2α,3α-dihydroxyursolic acid (13), 2α, 3α,19α-trihydroxyursolic acid (14), (-)-epicatechin(15),
引文
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