机电一体化粉体精密计量装置及控制系统的研究
摘要
长期以来,粉体的计量装置及控制系统在化工、制药业、食品行业以及军事工业等领域都有着广泛的应用。但是通常人们所使用的粉体计量装置大都应用在大剂量的,以千克或吨为单位的低精度情况下,对于那些小剂量的,以毫克为单位的高精度的粉体输送与计量却很少涉及,与此相关的研究与开发更是少之又少。因此将机电相结合,研究并设计出一种粉体的精密计量装置与控制系统具有极高的现实意义。
本文主要从机械、电控、精密计量三个方面对系统进行分析:通过对单螺杆固体输送理论的探讨,确定了一种螺旋输送方式进行粉体的输送;研究了PLC控制步进电机的两种方式,比较了二者控制方式的优劣;对PLC与电子天平的通信问题进行了探讨。
结合以上研究结果,得出最适宜的控制方案,并应用于实际设计中:螺旋输送装置各部分结构的设计与整体装配;控制部分各设备型号的选择;PLC输入/输出点的分配;接线图、程序流程图的设计以及程序的编制。
本课题围绕着“精密性”这一关键问题,研究出一种先进的计量装置:以PLC为核心,利用其丰富的指令控制螺旋输送设备,同时将PLC强大的通信功能与电子天平的高精度计量相结合,形成以电子天平——PLC——步进电机——螺旋输送器为主要组成部分的闭环控制
The precise metering feeder of powder and control system has been already widely used in chemical industry, pharmacy, food business, and the military industry, etc for a long time. People usually use it in a large quantity of powder, which unit of weight is kg or ton, but not in a small quantity of powder, which unit of weight is mg, and further relevant study and exploitation is seldom referred. So a study on mechatronics of the precise metering feeder of powder and control system is necessary in actually.In the text, the system is researched from three respects such as machinery, automatically controlled, accurate measurements, using a screw-sending device to send the powder through researching the classic screw-sending theory; discussing two method to control the step-motor; researching the communications between PLC and electronic scale.By these result, constitute the best controlled scheme, then apply the result studied to the actual design: It is include the design of every part of the screw-sending device and assembly of the whole, the choice about types of the controlled equipments, the input / output points collocating of
本文主要从机械、电控、精密计量三个方面对系统进行分析:通过对单螺杆固体输送理论的探讨,确定了一种螺旋输送方式进行粉体的输送;研究了PLC控制步进电机的两种方式,比较了二者控制方式的优劣;对PLC与电子天平的通信问题进行了探讨。
结合以上研究结果,得出最适宜的控制方案,并应用于实际设计中:螺旋输送装置各部分结构的设计与整体装配;控制部分各设备型号的选择;PLC输入/输出点的分配;接线图、程序流程图的设计以及程序的编制。
本课题围绕着“精密性”这一关键问题,研究出一种先进的计量装置:以PLC为核心,利用其丰富的指令控制螺旋输送设备,同时将PLC强大的通信功能与电子天平的高精度计量相结合,形成以电子天平——PLC——步进电机——螺旋输送器为主要组成部分的闭环控制
The precise metering feeder of powder and control system has been already widely used in chemical industry, pharmacy, food business, and the military industry, etc for a long time. People usually use it in a large quantity of powder, which unit of weight is kg or ton, but not in a small quantity of powder, which unit of weight is mg, and further relevant study and exploitation is seldom referred. So a study on mechatronics of the precise metering feeder of powder and control system is necessary in actually.In the text, the system is researched from three respects such as machinery, automatically controlled, accurate measurements, using a screw-sending device to send the powder through researching the classic screw-sending theory; discussing two method to control the step-motor; researching the communications between PLC and electronic scale.By these result, constitute the best controlled scheme, then apply the result studied to the actual design: It is include the design of every part of the screw-sending device and assembly of the whole, the choice about types of the controlled equipments, the input / output points collocating of
引文
[1] 王丙雨,带式物料输送机胶带划破原因分析及处理方法,河北电力技术,2003,1,50～51
[2] 王玉林,气力输送装置的分类及其应用,工厂建设与设计,1993,10,10～12
[3] 马晓录,张小勤,王志山,快速螺旋输送机螺旋体与机简之间隙设计研究,粮油加工与食品机械,2002,3,42～44
[4] 徐东威,刘广兵,TPS310型螺旋输送机设计与改造,包装与食品机械,2002,5.35～37
[5] 李英,许诘,刘光蓉,基于VC++6.0的水平螺旋输送机选型设计研究,武汉工业学院学报,2002,No.2,51～54
[6] 张贵林,郭浩,赵谆生,超声波粉体输送装置及其应用,振动、测试与诊断,2001,9,186～190
[7] Takehiro Takano, Yoshiro Tomikawa, Excitation of a progressive wave in a lossy ultrasonic transmission line and an application to a powder-feeding device. Smart Struct., 1998, 7, 417～421
[8] 洪艳霞,螺旋电子秤在粉状物料计量和配料系统中的应用,甘肃冶金,2003,3,39～42
[9] 郑汉麟,梁煦宏,蚁行义,单机耗用烟丝计量装置的研制,烟草科技,1992,5,12～13
[10] 谭伟新,电子天平基本原理和维修,计量技术,2002,No.8,58～59
[11] 赵本义,刘芳,电子天平的检定,计量技术,2002,No.1,36～38
[12] 齐蓉,肖维荣,新一代可编程控制器技术,西北工业大学出版社,2000,4,26～30
[13] N. Korovkin, E. Marthe, F. Rachidi, E. Selina, Mitigation of electromagnetic field radiated by PLC systems in indoor environment, International Journal of Communication Systems, 2003, June, 417-426
[14] Elisa Olivia Pietrobon, Mariana Soria, Luis Angel Dominguez, Maria de los angeles Monclus, Miguel Walter Fornes, Simultaneous activation of PLA2 and PLC are required to promote acrosomal reaction stimulated by progesterone via G-proteins, Molecular Reproduction and Development, 2005, January, 58-63
[15] KEVIN C, BOB H, JEFF F, MicroPLCs step up the pace in motion controls machine design. 2000, 4, 45～47
[16] Qing Cheng, Hermes H. Yeh, PLC signaling underlies BDNF potentiation of Purkinje cell responses to GABAJournal of Neuroscience Research, Volume79, Issue5, 2005, March, 616-627
[17] Charles M. Burt, Xianshu Piao, Advances in PLC-based irrigation canal automation, Irrigation and Drainage, 2004, March, Pages: 29-37
[18] 王兆义,可编程控制器的发展方向,电气自动化,1995,7,P7～P8
[19] 张海根主编,机电传动控制,北京,高等教育出版社,2001,25～60
[20] Satoshi Ogasawara, Naomine Kobayashi, Hirofumi Akagi, A three-phase hybrid stepping motor drive system combined with position-sensorless closed-loop control, Electrical Engineering in Japan, Volume131, Issue3, 2000, March, 80-90
[21] 李健苹,粉末成型生产线PLC控制系统设计,贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,10,54～57
[22] 北京化工大学,华南理工大学合编,塑料机械设计,北京,中国轻工业出版社,1995,12～30
[23] 朱复华,螺杆设计及其理论基础,北京,中国轻工业出版社,1985,10～31
[24] 欧阳三泰,欧阳琳,周秦,步进电机自动升降速PLC控制设计,电工技术,2003,No.3,58～59
[25] 宣财鑫,PLC脉冲控制步进电机技术,机车主辆工艺,2002,No.1,31～32
[26] 孙建仁,步进电机的PLC控制系统设计,机械研究与应用,2001,12,24～25
[27] 范贵慈,利用PLC实现步进电机驱动的闭环控制,包装与食品机械,2002,No.5,28～29
[28] 姚建松,李伟,邱家修,步进电机的PLC直接控制,组合机床与自动化加工技术,1999,No.7,45～46
[29] 李国栋,李永新,小型PLC在步进电机控制中的应用,机床电器,1998,No.5,23
[30] 孙平,邢军,PLC控制步进电机驱动系统,河南师范大学学报,2001,10,
[2] 王玉林,气力输送装置的分类及其应用,工厂建设与设计,1993,10,10～12
[3] 马晓录,张小勤,王志山,快速螺旋输送机螺旋体与机简之间隙设计研究,粮油加工与食品机械,2002,3,42～44
[4] 徐东威,刘广兵,TPS310型螺旋输送机设计与改造,包装与食品机械,2002,5.35～37
[5] 李英,许诘,刘光蓉,基于VC++6.0的水平螺旋输送机选型设计研究,武汉工业学院学报,2002,No.2,51～54
[6] 张贵林,郭浩,赵谆生,超声波粉体输送装置及其应用,振动、测试与诊断,2001,9,186～190
[7] Takehiro Takano, Yoshiro Tomikawa, Excitation of a progressive wave in a lossy ultrasonic transmission line and an application to a powder-feeding device. Smart Struct., 1998, 7, 417～421
[8] 洪艳霞,螺旋电子秤在粉状物料计量和配料系统中的应用,甘肃冶金,2003,3,39～42
[9] 郑汉麟,梁煦宏,蚁行义,单机耗用烟丝计量装置的研制,烟草科技,1992,5,12～13
[10] 谭伟新,电子天平基本原理和维修,计量技术,2002,No.8,58～59
[11] 赵本义,刘芳,电子天平的检定,计量技术,2002,No.1,36～38
[12] 齐蓉,肖维荣,新一代可编程控制器技术,西北工业大学出版社,2000,4,26～30
[13] N. Korovkin, E. Marthe, F. Rachidi, E. Selina, Mitigation of electromagnetic field radiated by PLC systems in indoor environment, International Journal of Communication Systems, 2003, June, 417-426
[14] Elisa Olivia Pietrobon, Mariana Soria, Luis Angel Dominguez, Maria de los angeles Monclus, Miguel Walter Fornes, Simultaneous activation of PLA2 and PLC are required to promote acrosomal reaction stimulated by progesterone via G-proteins, Molecular Reproduction and Development, 2005, January, 58-63
[15] KEVIN C, BOB H, JEFF F, MicroPLCs step up the pace in motion controls machine design. 2000, 4, 45～47
[16] Qing Cheng, Hermes H. Yeh, PLC signaling underlies BDNF potentiation of Purkinje cell responses to GABAJournal of Neuroscience Research, Volume79, Issue5, 2005, March, 616-627
[17] Charles M. Burt, Xianshu Piao, Advances in PLC-based irrigation canal automation, Irrigation and Drainage, 2004, March, Pages: 29-37
[18] 王兆义,可编程控制器的发展方向,电气自动化,1995,7,P7～P8
[19] 张海根主编,机电传动控制,北京,高等教育出版社,2001,25～60
[20] Satoshi Ogasawara, Naomine Kobayashi, Hirofumi Akagi, A three-phase hybrid stepping motor drive system combined with position-sensorless closed-loop control, Electrical Engineering in Japan, Volume131, Issue3, 2000, March, 80-90
[21] 李健苹,粉末成型生产线PLC控制系统设计,贵州工业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,10,54～57
[22] 北京化工大学,华南理工大学合编,塑料机械设计,北京,中国轻工业出版社,1995,12～30
[23] 朱复华,螺杆设计及其理论基础,北京,中国轻工业出版社,1985,10～31
[24] 欧阳三泰,欧阳琳,周秦,步进电机自动升降速PLC控制设计,电工技术,2003,No.3,58～59
[25] 宣财鑫,PLC脉冲控制步进电机技术,机车主辆工艺,2002,No.1,31～32
[26] 孙建仁,步进电机的PLC控制系统设计,机械研究与应用,2001,12,24～25
[27] 范贵慈,利用PLC实现步进电机驱动的闭环控制,包装与食品机械,2002,No.5,28～29
[28] 姚建松,李伟,邱家修,步进电机的PLC直接控制,组合机床与自动化加工技术,1999,No.7,45～46
[29] 李国栋,李永新,小型PLC在步进电机控制中的应用,机床电器,1998,No.5,23
[30] 孙平,邢军,PLC控制步进电机驱动系统,河南师范大学学报,2001,10,