地铁OCC行车调度仿真培训系统的虚拟列车群模块设计与开发
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摘要
随着城市轨道交通的迅速发展,对各类地铁运营人员的需求大增。传统的培训方式由于费用高、效率低,已无法满足要求。在这种背景下,利用计算机仿真技术来进行培训的方式应运而生,这种方式不仅费用低,而且效率高。而地铁行车调度仿真培训系统作为整个OCC(运营控制中心)调度仿真培训系统的重要组成部分,将为OCC行车调度人员的培训提供强有力的支持。
行车调度仿真的核心内容是模拟线路上车流(简称虚拟列车群)的运行情况,为整个轨道交通综合仿真培训系统提供所有列车对象仿真模型,每一列车模型都是以牵引计算理论为基础,建立运行模型,列车由虚拟司机驾驶,列车的运行受信号系统和运行图的约束。当前国内对列车群的研究,主要是针对列车运行图的铺画和运行线的调整,仿真模块大多是模拟列车按铺画的运行图运行的情况,对线路条件、列车特性及信号系统特点处理的都比较简单。因此,本文对虚拟列车群的设计与开发具有非常重要的现实意义。
本文结合地铁OCC行车调度仿真培训系统的功能,在对虚拟列车群功能深入了解的基础上,对虚拟列车群模块进行了设计开发。本文首先明确了行调仿真培训系统的功能、组成以及列车运行相关基础环境；然后,针对城市轨道交通列车运行之特点,对虚拟列车群进行功能需求分析；在此基础上,对列车群模块进行了详细的设计与实现,主要包括：虚拟司机数据结构的设计及实现；列车运行模型的建立及具体实现；ATP的建模与实现；列车群控制管理功能的设计与实现。最后,将虚拟列车群模块应用到行调仿真培训系统中,结合该仿真培训系统的功能,对列车群功能进行了测试与验证。并具体从两个案例出发,阐述列车群功能的仿真实现及该系统对行调人员的培训功能。
仿真结果表明,将此列车群模块应用到仿真培训系统中,不仅能为调度员提供一个真实的运营环境,还能验证线路的通过能力,并能模拟各种非正常行车,实现对调度人员的培训功能。
With the rapid development of the railway,more and more railway dispatchers are needed.Because of too much expense and low efficiency the traditional way of training railway dispathers hasn't already met the requirement. So that a kind of new training way that using computer simulation technology to train railway dispathers emerges,which is low expense and high efficiency.And OCC traffic dispatcher simulation training system is an important part of the OCC dispatcher simulation training system.It will provide strong support for the railway traffic dispatcher training.
Simulating the operation of train flow on line (virtual train group) is the core content of the OCC traffic dispatcher simulation.It provides all the train simulation model for the entire rail transit comprehensive simulation training system.Every train establishes the operation model on the basis of traction calculation theory.The train is drived by virtual driver,and constrainted by signal system and train diagram.Nowdays,the research of train group at home is mainly to aim at the shop painting and adjustment of the train diagram, and the line condition, train properties and characteristics of signal system treatment are quite simple.Therefore, in this paper,the design and development of virtual train group has very important practical significance.
Combined to the function of the metro OCC dispatching simulation training system the virtual train group is designed and developed on the basis of the realization of the function of the virtual train group.This paper first introduces the function and composition of the simulation training system and the basic environment related train operation.Then,combined to the characteristic of train operation,virtual train group has been made detailed functional requirement analysis.Then,the modules are designed and implemented,including the design and implement of data structure for virtual driver,the modeling and implementation of train operation,the modeling and implementation of ATP,the design and implemention for train group control management function.Finally,the virtual train group is applied to the simulation training system.Combined with the function of the simulation training system,the function are tested and verificated.And from two concrete cases,this paper expounds the impletement of the simulation of train group and the function for training dispatchers.
The simulation results show that the train group module is applied to the simulation training system,not only can provide the dispatcher a real operation environment,but also can verify the ability of the line through,and can simulate various abnormal driving,realize the dispatcher training function.
行车调度仿真的核心内容是模拟线路上车流(简称虚拟列车群)的运行情况,为整个轨道交通综合仿真培训系统提供所有列车对象仿真模型,每一列车模型都是以牵引计算理论为基础,建立运行模型,列车由虚拟司机驾驶,列车的运行受信号系统和运行图的约束。当前国内对列车群的研究,主要是针对列车运行图的铺画和运行线的调整,仿真模块大多是模拟列车按铺画的运行图运行的情况,对线路条件、列车特性及信号系统特点处理的都比较简单。因此,本文对虚拟列车群的设计与开发具有非常重要的现实意义。
本文结合地铁OCC行车调度仿真培训系统的功能,在对虚拟列车群功能深入了解的基础上,对虚拟列车群模块进行了设计开发。本文首先明确了行调仿真培训系统的功能、组成以及列车运行相关基础环境；然后,针对城市轨道交通列车运行之特点,对虚拟列车群进行功能需求分析；在此基础上,对列车群模块进行了详细的设计与实现,主要包括：虚拟司机数据结构的设计及实现；列车运行模型的建立及具体实现；ATP的建模与实现；列车群控制管理功能的设计与实现。最后,将虚拟列车群模块应用到行调仿真培训系统中,结合该仿真培训系统的功能,对列车群功能进行了测试与验证。并具体从两个案例出发,阐述列车群功能的仿真实现及该系统对行调人员的培训功能。
仿真结果表明,将此列车群模块应用到仿真培训系统中,不仅能为调度员提供一个真实的运营环境,还能验证线路的通过能力,并能模拟各种非正常行车,实现对调度人员的培训功能。
With the rapid development of the railway,more and more railway dispatchers are needed.Because of too much expense and low efficiency the traditional way of training railway dispathers hasn't already met the requirement. So that a kind of new training way that using computer simulation technology to train railway dispathers emerges,which is low expense and high efficiency.And OCC traffic dispatcher simulation training system is an important part of the OCC dispatcher simulation training system.It will provide strong support for the railway traffic dispatcher training.
Simulating the operation of train flow on line (virtual train group) is the core content of the OCC traffic dispatcher simulation.It provides all the train simulation model for the entire rail transit comprehensive simulation training system.Every train establishes the operation model on the basis of traction calculation theory.The train is drived by virtual driver,and constrainted by signal system and train diagram.Nowdays,the research of train group at home is mainly to aim at the shop painting and adjustment of the train diagram, and the line condition, train properties and characteristics of signal system treatment are quite simple.Therefore, in this paper,the design and development of virtual train group has very important practical significance.
Combined to the function of the metro OCC dispatching simulation training system the virtual train group is designed and developed on the basis of the realization of the function of the virtual train group.This paper first introduces the function and composition of the simulation training system and the basic environment related train operation.Then,combined to the characteristic of train operation,virtual train group has been made detailed functional requirement analysis.Then,the modules are designed and implemented,including the design and implement of data structure for virtual driver,the modeling and implementation of train operation,the modeling and implementation of ATP,the design and implemention for train group control management function.Finally,the virtual train group is applied to the simulation training system.Combined with the function of the simulation training system,the function are tested and verificated.And from two concrete cases,this paper expounds the impletement of the simulation of train group and the function for training dispatchers.
The simulation results show that the train group module is applied to the simulation training system,not only can provide the dispatcher a real operation environment,but also can verify the ability of the line through,and can simulate various abnormal driving,realize the dispatcher training function.
引文
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[2]张国碧.我国地铁的发展现状及展望[J].山西建筑.2010,11：13-15.
[3]施仲衡,冯爱军.城市轨道交通技术发展战略讨论[J].城市快速轨道交通.2004,17：22-24.
[4]石红国,彭其渊,郭寒英.城市轨道交通牵引计算模型[J].交通运输工程学报.2005,12：20-26.
[5]马超云,毛保华,梁肖,丁勇.地铁列车节能运行惰行控制研究[J].交通信息与安全.2010：37-42.
[6]TB/T 1407-1998,列车牵引计算规程[S].
[7]杨峰雁,李平,张莉艳.关于列车群运行仿真系统的研究[J].计算机应用.2005,8：21-23.
[8]荀径,宁滨.列车追踪运行仿真系统的研究与实现[J].北京交通大学学报.2007,4：34-37.
[9]黄智敏,孙建雄.地铁列车运行仿真算法研究[J].计算机应用.2007.5：56-57.
[10]郭建媛,蒋熙.大规模列车运行过程仿真的研究[J].计算机应用.2007,2：1-4.
[11]萨殊利,丁培华,贾慧娟.列车附加阻力的非质点计算方法探讨[J].北方交通大学学报.1995,6：246-248.
[12]徐纪康.城市轨道交通列车运行过程仿真研究[D].同济大学.2008.
[13]Karim Kanso,Faron Moller,Anton Setzer.Automated Verification of Signalling Principles in Railway Interlocking Systems. Eleetronic Notes in Theoretical ComPuter Science(ENTCS).2009,250(2).
[14]Michele Banei,Alessandro Fanteehi.Instantiating generic charts for railway interlocking systems[J].Proceedings of the 10th international workshop on Formal methods for industrial critical systems.2005,9.
[15]于建国,苗彦英.地铁电动车组运行模型的研究[J].大连铁道学院学报.2001,11：43-45.
[16]刘剑锋,毛保华,丁勇,刘海东等.城市轨道交通多列车运行模拟系统研究[J].交通运输系统工程与信息.2005,11：79-82.
[17]Kuwabara,M.Chikamatsu,H.INTEGRATED TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM AND AUTOMATIC TRAIN OPERATION SYSTEM FOR WATERFRONT LINE.Mass Transit System.2008,3:155-160.
[18]Bwo-Ren Ke,Nanming Chen.Strategy of train operation under maximum capacity in mass rapid transit systems.Rail Conference.2005:165-170.
[19]刘海东,袁振洲,何天键等.不同闭塞方式下的成轨列车追踪运行过程及其仿真系统的研究[J].铁道学报.2005,12：120-125.
[20]张济民,吴汶麟等.列车节能运行模型和操纵策略优化[J].上海交通大学学报.2000,6：21-24.
[21]Banerjee M K, El Hoda N.Review of the automatic train system for Cairo Metro line 2.Power Engineering Journal.2009,2:217-218.
[22]陈雁冰CBTC系统混跑模式中的移动授权计算[J].铁道通信信号.2011,8：34-37.
[23]李凤华,刘晓娟.区域控制器仿真子系统的研究[J].铁道通信信号.2010,11：19-22.
[24]陈恒宇CBTC信号系统下的驾驶模式及转换原则[J].铁路通信信号工程技
术.2010,2：58-60.
[25]彭晋明.成都地铁1号线CBTC系统[J].电力机车与成轨车辆.2009,3：50-52.
[26]Rajee P.Alexander,Edwin A.Mortlock.Controlling and Executing Communications Based Train Control(CBTC) Installation and Testing with a CBTC-Ready Vehicle.Joint Rail Conference.2008:12-13.
[27]Ikuo Watanabe,Tetusuo Takashige.Advanced Automatic Train Protection System.Railway Technical Research Institue.2008:25-26.
[28]郎红霞,宁滨,黄友能.基于软件易测性的CBTC区域控制器系统设计[J].铁道通信信号.2007,12：8-10.
[29]刘晓娟,张雁鹏,汤自安.城市轨道交通智能控制系统[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,2008.
[30]郜春海.基于通信的轨道交通列车运行控制系统[J].现代城市轨道交通.2007,2：7-10.
[31]周洁,陈衡.移动闭塞的原理、系统结构及功能[J].城市轨道交通研究.2004,1：6-8.
[32]Victor F.Grappone.Geoffrey P.Hubbs.The Long Island Rail Road Signal Strategy and its joint effort with New York City Transit on communication-based train control.IEEE.2007:34-35.
[33]D.W.Carr.R.Ruelas.J.F.Gutierrez-Ramirez.H.Salcedo-Becerra.AnOpen On-Board CBTC Controller Based on N-Version Programming.International Conference onComputational Intelligence for Modelling.2005:10-11.
[34]郭宁,郭进.ATP列车超速防护仿真研究[J].铁道通信信号.2008,4：13-16.
[35]邓华峰.便于司机驾驶的ATP推荐速度曲线[J].铁道通信信号.2003,10：13-15.
[36]TianhuaXu,TaoTang.The modeling and Analysis of Data Communieation System(DCS) in Communieation Based Train Control (CBTC) with Colored Petri Nets.Eight International Sysposium on Autonomous Deeentralized Systems.2007:13-14.
[37]郭彤城,慕春棣.ATP铁路运行仿真系统的设计与实现[J].系统仿真学报.1999,3：295-301.
[38]郭宁,杨巍,吴亮CTCS2级列车运行控制系统超速防护仿真研究[J].交通运输工程与信息学报.2007,12：122-126.
[39]T K Ho,B H Mao, Z Z Yuan,H D Liu,Y F Fung.Computer Simulation and Modelling in Railway Applications[J].Computer Physics Communications.2002:1-5.
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