厚壁孢子根毛霉感染小鼠的组织病理及感染后引起脱毛的免疫机制初步研究
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摘要
【摘要】目的探讨厚壁孢子根毛霉感染组织中分隔菌丝和厚壁孢子的存在是否与该菌种属相关。方法将从病人身上分离的厚壁孢子根毛霉接种到正常小鼠皮下,于感染的不同时间取组织做活检,观察组织中的真菌形态及其所导致的组织病理改变,同时用抗CD68抗体做免疫组织化学染色,观察组织中组织细胞浸润情况;并比较患者和小鼠组织病理像的差别。结果在小鼠组织中,未观察到厚壁孢子根毛霉感染患者所见的分支分隔菌丝以及侵犯血管的组织像,且随着感染时间的延长,感染组织局部组织细胞逐渐增多。结论厚壁孢子根毛霉感染组织中分隔菌丝和厚壁孢子的存在与该菌种属不相关,可能与被感染的物种的不同而对抗毛霉菌感染的能力不同有关。
厚壁孢子根毛霉感染小鼠后引起脱毛的免疫机制初步研究
【摘要】目的探讨厚壁孢子根毛霉感染小鼠后引起脱毛与机体免疫学变化的关系。方法检测真菌小鼠和正常小鼠脾细胞的增殖情况及脾细胞和骨髓细胞MDSC的表达情况;检测真菌小鼠去除肾上腺后骨髓细胞MDSC的表达情况。结果真菌小鼠脾细胞增殖能力弱于正常小鼠;真菌小鼠与正常小鼠脾细胞MDSC的表达无差异,真菌小鼠骨髓细胞MDSC的表达较正常小鼠明显增强,去除肾上腺后的真菌小鼠骨髓细胞MDSC的表达降低。结论厚壁孢子根毛霉感染小鼠后引起脱毛的现象与感染后小鼠免疫功能低下有关;推测其可能机制是局部真菌感染导致的炎症不可避免地破坏局部毛囊,造成自身抗原的暴露,导致全身毛囊作为靶点而被攻击引起全身性脱毛,而真菌小鼠免疫功能的低下将加重这一反应过程。
Histopathologic comparison of Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected patients and mice.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate if separate mycelium and chlamydospore in Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected tissues has a relationship with the genus of the fungus. Methods Subcutaneous injected the Rhizomucor chlamydosporus derived from the patients into the normal mice and took tissue biopsy in different times of the infection to observe the fungal appearances and the histopathologic changes, at the same time, to study the histocytes’infiltration extent of the tissues through the method of immunohistochemistry using anti-CD68,and compared the histopathologic changes between the patients and mice. Results The separate mycelium which was the characteristic changes of Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected patients and the histopathologic changes caused by vessels infiltration had not been observed in mice, and the histiocytes in the infected tissues gradually increased during the infection. Conclusion The separate mycelium and chlamydospore in Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected tissues had no relationship with the genus of Rhizomucor chlamydosporus. It may be related to various ability of anti-mucormycosis infection in different infected species.
Primary study of the immunologic mechanism of depilation in mice after Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the relationship of depilation and the immunologic changes in Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected mice.Methods Detected the generation of spleen cells in fungi-infected mice and normal mice and the expression of MDSC in spleen cells and myeloid cells, and tested the expression of MDSC in the adrenalectomized fungi-infected mice.Results The generation ability of spleen cells of fungi-infected mice was much weaker than normal mice.There were no significant differences of the expression of MDSC in spleen cells of fungi-infected and normal mice, the expressions of MDSC in myeloid cells of fungi-infected mice were much more than the normal mice,and the expressions of MDSC in myeloid cells of the adrenalectomized fungi-infected mice were decreased. Conclusion The depilation in mice after Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected was related to the immunodeficiency after the infection.The underlying mechanism maybe that local fungi infection had destroyed the hair follicle that induced the exposure of the autoantigen and destroyed the hair follicles around the whole body, in addition, the immunodeficiency of fungi-infected mice could aggravated it.
厚壁孢子根毛霉感染小鼠后引起脱毛的免疫机制初步研究
【摘要】目的探讨厚壁孢子根毛霉感染小鼠后引起脱毛与机体免疫学变化的关系。方法检测真菌小鼠和正常小鼠脾细胞的增殖情况及脾细胞和骨髓细胞MDSC的表达情况;检测真菌小鼠去除肾上腺后骨髓细胞MDSC的表达情况。结果真菌小鼠脾细胞增殖能力弱于正常小鼠;真菌小鼠与正常小鼠脾细胞MDSC的表达无差异,真菌小鼠骨髓细胞MDSC的表达较正常小鼠明显增强,去除肾上腺后的真菌小鼠骨髓细胞MDSC的表达降低。结论厚壁孢子根毛霉感染小鼠后引起脱毛的现象与感染后小鼠免疫功能低下有关;推测其可能机制是局部真菌感染导致的炎症不可避免地破坏局部毛囊,造成自身抗原的暴露,导致全身毛囊作为靶点而被攻击引起全身性脱毛,而真菌小鼠免疫功能的低下将加重这一反应过程。
Histopathologic comparison of Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected patients and mice.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate if separate mycelium and chlamydospore in Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected tissues has a relationship with the genus of the fungus. Methods Subcutaneous injected the Rhizomucor chlamydosporus derived from the patients into the normal mice and took tissue biopsy in different times of the infection to observe the fungal appearances and the histopathologic changes, at the same time, to study the histocytes’infiltration extent of the tissues through the method of immunohistochemistry using anti-CD68,and compared the histopathologic changes between the patients and mice. Results The separate mycelium which was the characteristic changes of Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected patients and the histopathologic changes caused by vessels infiltration had not been observed in mice, and the histiocytes in the infected tissues gradually increased during the infection. Conclusion The separate mycelium and chlamydospore in Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected tissues had no relationship with the genus of Rhizomucor chlamydosporus. It may be related to various ability of anti-mucormycosis infection in different infected species.
Primary study of the immunologic mechanism of depilation in mice after Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the relationship of depilation and the immunologic changes in Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected mice.Methods Detected the generation of spleen cells in fungi-infected mice and normal mice and the expression of MDSC in spleen cells and myeloid cells, and tested the expression of MDSC in the adrenalectomized fungi-infected mice.Results The generation ability of spleen cells of fungi-infected mice was much weaker than normal mice.There were no significant differences of the expression of MDSC in spleen cells of fungi-infected and normal mice, the expressions of MDSC in myeloid cells of fungi-infected mice were much more than the normal mice,and the expressions of MDSC in myeloid cells of the adrenalectomized fungi-infected mice were decreased. Conclusion The depilation in mice after Rhizomucor chlamydosporus infected was related to the immunodeficiency after the infection.The underlying mechanism maybe that local fungi infection had destroyed the hair follicle that induced the exposure of the autoantigen and destroyed the hair follicles around the whole body, in addition, the immunodeficiency of fungi-infected mice could aggravated it.
引文
[1]曹育春,陈兴平,曾学思,陈辉,万沐芬,李守新.厚壁孢子根毛霉引起深部真菌病一例[J].中华皮肤科杂志,2007,40(11):659～662.
[2]汪昭贤,谢毓芬,秦晟,等。实验动物毛霉菌病临床与病理学观察[J].西北农业学报1999,8(1):11～14.
[3] Springer K, Brown M, Stulberg DL . Common hair loss disorders. Am Fam Physician, 2003,68(1): 93～102.
[4] Freyschmidt-Paul P, McElwee KJ, Botchkarev V, et al. Fas-deficient C3. MRL-Tnfrsf6(lpr) mice and Fas ligand-deficient C3H/HeJ-Tnfsf6(gld) mice are relatively resistant to the induction of alopecia areata by grafting of alopecia areata-affected skin from C3H/HeJ mice. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc, 2003, 8: 104～108.
[5] McElwee KJ, Silva K, Boggess D, et al.Alopecia areata in C3H/HeJ mice involves leukocyte-mediated root sheath disruption in advance of overt hair loss. Vet Pathol, 2003, 40: 643-650.
[6] Zoller M, McElwee KJ, Engel P, et al. Transient CD44 variant isoform expression and reduction in CD4 (+)/CD25 (+) regulatory Tcells in C3H/HeJ mice with alopecia areata. J Invest Dermatol,2002,118:983- 992.
[7] McElwee KJ, Freyschmidt-Paul P, Hoffmann R, et al. Transfer of CD8(+) cells induces localized hair loss whereas CD4(+)/CD25(-) cells promote systemic alopecia areata and CD4(+)/CD25(+) cells blockade disease onset in the C3H/HeJ mouse model. J Invest Dermatol, 2005, 124: 947-957.
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[2]汪昭贤,谢毓芬,秦晟,等。实验动物毛霉菌病临床与病理学观察[J].西北农业学报1999,8(1):11～14.
[3] Springer K, Brown M, Stulberg DL . Common hair loss disorders. Am Fam Physician, 2003,68(1): 93～102.
[4] Freyschmidt-Paul P, McElwee KJ, Botchkarev V, et al. Fas-deficient C3. MRL-Tnfrsf6(lpr) mice and Fas ligand-deficient C3H/HeJ-Tnfsf6(gld) mice are relatively resistant to the induction of alopecia areata by grafting of alopecia areata-affected skin from C3H/HeJ mice. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc, 2003, 8: 104～108.
[5] McElwee KJ, Silva K, Boggess D, et al.Alopecia areata in C3H/HeJ mice involves leukocyte-mediated root sheath disruption in advance of overt hair loss. Vet Pathol, 2003, 40: 643-650.
[6] Zoller M, McElwee KJ, Engel P, et al. Transient CD44 variant isoform expression and reduction in CD4 (+)/CD25 (+) regulatory Tcells in C3H/HeJ mice with alopecia areata. J Invest Dermatol,2002,118:983- 992.
[7] McElwee KJ, Freyschmidt-Paul P, Hoffmann R, et al. Transfer of CD8(+) cells induces localized hair loss whereas CD4(+)/CD25(-) cells promote systemic alopecia areata and CD4(+)/CD25(+) cells blockade disease onset in the C3H/HeJ mouse model. J Invest Dermatol, 2005, 124: 947-957.
[1] Eucker J,Sezer O,Graf B,et a1.Mucormyeoses.Mycoses.2001.44(7-8):253～260.
[2] Pagano L,OffidaniM, FianchiL, et al. Mucormycosis in hematologic patients. Haematologica, 2004,89(2): 207～214.
[3] Kontoyiannis DP,Wessel VC,Bodey GP.et a1.Zygomycosis in the 1990s in a tertiary-care cancer center.Clin Infect Dis,2000,30(6):851～856.
[4]刘泽虎,吕雪莲,刘维达.接合菌病[J]。中华皮肤科杂志,2007,40(8):513～516.
[5] Rickerts V,Just-Nubling G,Konrad F,et a1.Diagnosis of invasive as- pergillosis and mucormycosis in immunocompromised patients by seminested PCR assay of tissue samples.Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis,2006,25(1):8～13.
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