电除尘器节能减排控制系统的实现
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摘要
电除尘器(Electrostatic Precipitator,简称ESP)是一种利用高压电使灰尘荷电、除尘的大型工业除尘设备,其以高效率、低能耗、运行稳定等特点被广泛应用于钢铁行业、电力行业、水泥行业等。随着电除尘技术的发展,电除尘器越来越成为这些行业的除尘主要设备之一,在很大程度上解决了烟尘排放、空气治理等影响环境质量的问题。但是,随着现在环境问题的日益严重,国家对烟尘的排放提出了更加严格的标准,况且实际运行中的电除尘系统也存在许多问题,比如效率低下、功耗大、设备损失率高、科学地管理和监督不足、系统的监控和管理技术落后等问题导致设备故障运行或事故发生,这就使得电除尘器的发展面临许多挑战。
针对电除尘系统运行中存在的普遍问题,设计了电除尘器节能减排控制系统。本文主要做了以下几方面的研究。
⑴电除尘器的基本结构和工作原理以及影响其工作效率的因素。
⑵电除尘系统计算机监控技术的研究与应用。
⑶组态软件的对比与选择。
⑷搭建环境,实现电除尘器节能减排控制系统。
本文以某钢厂的静电除尘器为例,分析研究电除尘器的除尘原理,存在的问题。结合现代的工业控制技术,计算机技术,网络通信技术,设计并实现了此系统。组态软件采用的是GE公司的iFIX,具有良好的人机界面,并且采用浊度闭环控制和故障诊断技术,不仅能提高电除尘器的除尘效率,提高自动化管理水平和控制能力,也能实现故障检测,减轻工作人员的工作压力,保证电除尘器长期高效稳定、安全可靠的运行。
Electrostatic precipitator (Electrostatic Precipitator, referred to as ESP) is a large-scale industrial dust removal equipment which uses thigh-voltage to make the use of nuclear dust, then remove. Because of its high efficiency, low energy consumption, stable operation and other characteristics, it has been widely used in iron and steel industry, power industry, cement industries. With the development of the electrostatic precipitator technology, ESP has increasingly become welcome in these industries as one of the main equipment. It, to a large extent, resolves soot emissions, air quality control and other issues affecting the environment. However, with the environmental problems increasingly more serious now, the state proposed a more stringent standard for smoke and dust emissions, Moreover, the actual operation of the electrostatic precipitator system, there are also many problems, such as inefficiency, power consumption, high rate of loss of equipment, scientific management and monitoring insufficient, system monitoring and management techniques backwardness and so on causing the accident, which makes the development of ESP faces many challenges.
The control system of energy-saving emission reduction electrostatic precipitator is designed in view of the common problems existing in electrostatic precipitator system operating. In this paper, the following researches are done.
⑴ESP basic structure and working principle and the factors that affect their work efficiency.
⑵Electrostatic precipitator system computer monitoring technology research and application.
⑶Comparison and selection of configuration software
⑷Built environment and achieve energy-saving emission reduction control system for electrostatic precipitator
This paper takes the electrostatic precipitator of a steel mill as example, analysis electrostatic precipitator dust theory, Combines with modern industrial control technology, computer technology, network communication technology, design and implement this system. Configuration software is used in GE's iFIX, with good man-machine interface, and the use of turbidity closed-loop control and fault diagnosis technology, not only can improve the efficiency of electrostatic precipitator dust, improve the level of automation and control, but also to achieve fault detection, reducing the work pressure of staff to ensure the long-term efficiency electrostatic precipitator stable, safe and reliable operation.
针对电除尘系统运行中存在的普遍问题,设计了电除尘器节能减排控制系统。本文主要做了以下几方面的研究。
⑴电除尘器的基本结构和工作原理以及影响其工作效率的因素。
⑵电除尘系统计算机监控技术的研究与应用。
⑶组态软件的对比与选择。
⑷搭建环境,实现电除尘器节能减排控制系统。
本文以某钢厂的静电除尘器为例,分析研究电除尘器的除尘原理,存在的问题。结合现代的工业控制技术,计算机技术,网络通信技术,设计并实现了此系统。组态软件采用的是GE公司的iFIX,具有良好的人机界面,并且采用浊度闭环控制和故障诊断技术,不仅能提高电除尘器的除尘效率,提高自动化管理水平和控制能力,也能实现故障检测,减轻工作人员的工作压力,保证电除尘器长期高效稳定、安全可靠的运行。
Electrostatic precipitator (Electrostatic Precipitator, referred to as ESP) is a large-scale industrial dust removal equipment which uses thigh-voltage to make the use of nuclear dust, then remove. Because of its high efficiency, low energy consumption, stable operation and other characteristics, it has been widely used in iron and steel industry, power industry, cement industries. With the development of the electrostatic precipitator technology, ESP has increasingly become welcome in these industries as one of the main equipment. It, to a large extent, resolves soot emissions, air quality control and other issues affecting the environment. However, with the environmental problems increasingly more serious now, the state proposed a more stringent standard for smoke and dust emissions, Moreover, the actual operation of the electrostatic precipitator system, there are also many problems, such as inefficiency, power consumption, high rate of loss of equipment, scientific management and monitoring insufficient, system monitoring and management techniques backwardness and so on causing the accident, which makes the development of ESP faces many challenges.
The control system of energy-saving emission reduction electrostatic precipitator is designed in view of the common problems existing in electrostatic precipitator system operating. In this paper, the following researches are done.
⑴ESP basic structure and working principle and the factors that affect their work efficiency.
⑵Electrostatic precipitator system computer monitoring technology research and application.
⑶Comparison and selection of configuration software
⑷Built environment and achieve energy-saving emission reduction control system for electrostatic precipitator
This paper takes the electrostatic precipitator of a steel mill as example, analysis electrostatic precipitator dust theory, Combines with modern industrial control technology, computer technology, network communication technology, design and implement this system. Configuration software is used in GE's iFIX, with good man-machine interface, and the use of turbidity closed-loop control and fault diagnosis technology, not only can improve the efficiency of electrostatic precipitator dust, improve the level of automation and control, but also to achieve fault detection, reducing the work pressure of staff to ensure the long-term efficiency electrostatic precipitator stable, safe and reliable operation.
引文
[1]钢铁业发展须与环境保护相协调[EB/OL].http://news.stock888.net/040303/101,131 7,543026,00.shtml.
[2]我国钢铁产业的发展与环境保护政策动向[EB/OL].http://www.myst eel.com/gc/zhz x/hydt/2005/11/16/000000,0,0,561276.html.
[3]J. Podlinski, A. Niewulis, J. Mizeraczyk, P. Atten. ESP performance for various dust densities[J]. Journal of Electrostatics,2008:524~535
[4]Gary Tepper, Royal Kessick. A study of ionization and collection efficiencies inelectrospray-based electrostatic precipitators[J]. Aerosol Science,2008:212~214
[5]钢铁业发展须与环境保护相协调[EB/OL].http://news.stock888.net/040303/101,131 7,543026,00.shtml.
[6]基于CAN总线的智能电除尘器监控系统的研究与设计[D].中北大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[7]冯雪飞.基于企业网的高炉电除尘计算机监控系统的研究与开发[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2003
[8]刘炳伟.电除尘器智能管理软件的开发[D].华北电力大学硕士学位论文,2003
[9]Jen-Shih Chang. Next generation integrated electrostatic gas cleaning systems[J]. Journal of Electrostatics. 2003:273~291
[10]Michael S. Waring, Jeffrey A. Siegel, Richard L. Corsi. Ultrafine particle removal and generation by portable air cleaners[J]. sciencedirect.2008:142~145
[11]KOCIK M, DEKOWSKI J, MIZERACAYK J. Particle precipitation efficiency in an electrostatic precipitator[J]. Journal of Electrostatics,2005(63):761~766
[12]J.D. Bapat. Application of ESP for gas cleaning in cement industry—with reference to India[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2001:658~659
[13]梁川.电除尘器专家帮助和故障诊断系统的开发研究[D].华北电力大学硕士学位论文, 2008
[14]JAWOREK A, KRUPA A, CZECH The.Modern electrostatic devices and methods for exhaust gas cleaning:a brief review [J]. Journal of Electrostatics,2007:65
[15]晏庆模.静电除尘器专家监控平台系统设计与应用研究[D].华北电力大学硕士学位论文,2003
[16]陈颖悟.电除尘控制系统设计与节能算法研究[D].浙江工业大学硕士学位论文,2008
[17]H.J.White, Industrial Electrostatic Precipitation[J]. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.1962:432~435
[18]节能减排[EB/OL]. http://baike.baidu.com/view/981515.htm?fr=ala0_1_1
[19]工信部:“十二五“节能[EB/OL].http://news.sohu.com/20091104/n267947998.shtml
[20]郑国强.电除尘器集中管控系统的设计与实现[D].国防科学技术大学研究生院工程硕士学位论文,2006
[21]Maria Jedrusik, Arkadiusz Swierczok, Ryszard Teisseyre. Experimental study of fly ash precipitation in a model electrostatic precipitator with discharge electrodes of different design [J]. Powder Technology,2003:786~789
[22]System and method for applying partial discharge analysis for electrostatic precipitator[EB/OL]. http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2007/0151446.html
[23]王亮.电除尘器本体结构的参数化设计及应用研究[D].天津理工大学研究生学位论文,2007
[24]Chen-Lu Yang, Michael Beltran. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR FOR METAL AND PARTICULATE EMISSION CONTROL[J]. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING,2000:236~242
[25]王雪梅.鲁奇电收尘器技术[J].环保收尘,2005(8):67~70
[26]Kocik.Particle precipitation efficiency in an electrostatic precipitator[J].Journal of Electrostatic,Jun2005, Vol.63 Issue 6-10.
[27]王洪江.大型电除尘器关键技术研究[D].重庆大学硕士学位论文,2008
[28]党小庆,门东杰,马广大等.大型电除尘器气流分布数值计算的研究和应用[J].重型机械,2007(1):30~31.
[29]Chen-Lu Yang, Michael Beltran. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR FOR METAL AND PARTICULATE EMISSION CONTROL[J]. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING,2000:541~546
[30]何剑.电除尘器气流分布技术的研究一气流均布影响因素的实验分析[D].西安理工大学硕士论文,2004
[31]卢泽锋,居斌,傅启文.电除尘器能耗分析与节能提效供电技术研究[J].华电技术.2008(30):72~75
[32]候可中.提高电除尘器除尘效率的研讨[J].华北电力技术,2002(12):19~24
[33]Vaclav Dostal, Minoru Takahashi. Study on lead ebismuth droplets’generation and their removal by an electrostatic precipitator[J]. Progress in Nuclear Energy,2008:787~790
[34]高军凯,黄超,田莉.提高电除尘器除尘效率措施的研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2007(29):763~766
[35]System and method for applying partial discharge analysis for electrostatic precipitator[EB/OL]. http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2007/0151446.html
[36]Maria Jedrusik, Arkadiusz Swierczok, Ryszard Teisseyre. Experimental study of fly ash precipitation in a model electrostatic precipitator with discharge electrodes of different design[J]. Powder Technology,2003:362~367
[37]何俊.电除尘器智能控制系统设计[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文,2007
[38]Jeong Hoon Byeon, Jungho Hwang, Jae Hong Park, KiYoungYoon, Byung Ju Ko,Suk Hoon Kang, Jun Ho Ji. Collection of submicron particles by an electrostatic precipitator using adielectric barrier discharge[J]. Aerosol Science,2006:1024~1026
[39]GE Fanuc Intelligent Platforms Announces Water Industry Solution Pack for Proficy?HMI/SCADA-iFIX[EB/OL],http://www.genewscenter.com/content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=4228&NewsAreaID=2
[40]丁然,赵珊.电除尘器的节能控制策略[J].辽宁科技大学学报,2008(31):46~48
[41]李依琼,徐顾,王进,卢泽锋.电除尘器自动监控系统设计[J].第12届中国电除尘学术会议论文集,2008(12):1853~1855
[42]Andrzej Nowak, Stanis?aw Wojciech. Optimisation and experimental verification of a dust-removal beater for the electrodes of electrostatic precipitators[J]. Computers and Structures,2004:211~213
[43]Maria Jedrusik, Arkadiusz Swierczok, Ryszard Teisseyre. Experimental study of fly ash precipitation in a model electrostatic precipitator with discharge electrodes of different design[J]. Powder Technology,2003:426~428
[44]高仁鹏,左玉仙.组态软件IFIx3.5在电除尘中的应用[J].第11届全国电除尘学术会议论文集,2005:578~582
[45]岳丹松,隋家贤,许海玲. iFIX组态软件在炭黑生产过程控制系统中的应用[J].青岛科技大学学报,2005(26):537~540
[46]曹传功,朱希荣,马文贤,周晓锋,张坤.基于ODBC技术的组态软件与关系数据库连接[J].科技广场,2007(1):97~98
[47]ADO技术简介[EB/OL]. http://www.diybl.com/course/4_webprog ram/asp.net/netjs /2007 98/7062 2.html
[48]钱锋.基于iFIX组态软件的工业实时监控系统的优化设计与实现[D].中南大学硕士学位论文,2004
[49]常阳光,张永梅,刘涛.专家智能电除尘器监控系统设计[J].工业控制计算机,2008(21):48~49
[50]Agamemnon A.Varonos, John S.Anagnostopoulos,George C.Bergeles. Prediction of the cleaning efficiency of an electrostatic precipitator [J]. Journal of Electrostatics,2002:45~50
[51]Richelieu Barranco, Mei Gong, Alan Thompson, Michael Cloke, Svenja Hanson, Will Gibb, Edward Lester. The impact of fly ash resistivity and carbon content on electrostatic precipitator performance[J]. sciencedirect.2007:326~328
[52]S. W. Nóbrega, M. C. R. Falaguasta,J. R. Coury. A STUDY OF A WIRE-PLATE ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR OPERATING IN THE REMOVAL OF POLYDISPERSED PARTICLES[J]. Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering 2004:15~19
[2]我国钢铁产业的发展与环境保护政策动向[EB/OL].http://www.myst eel.com/gc/zhz x/hydt/2005/11/16/000000,0,0,561276.html.
[3]J. Podlinski, A. Niewulis, J. Mizeraczyk, P. Atten. ESP performance for various dust densities[J]. Journal of Electrostatics,2008:524~535
[4]Gary Tepper, Royal Kessick. A study of ionization and collection efficiencies inelectrospray-based electrostatic precipitators[J]. Aerosol Science,2008:212~214
[5]钢铁业发展须与环境保护相协调[EB/OL].http://news.stock888.net/040303/101,131 7,543026,00.shtml.
[6]基于CAN总线的智能电除尘器监控系统的研究与设计[D].中北大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[7]冯雪飞.基于企业网的高炉电除尘计算机监控系统的研究与开发[D].武汉理工大学硕士学位论文,2003
[8]刘炳伟.电除尘器智能管理软件的开发[D].华北电力大学硕士学位论文,2003
[9]Jen-Shih Chang. Next generation integrated electrostatic gas cleaning systems[J]. Journal of Electrostatics. 2003:273~291
[10]Michael S. Waring, Jeffrey A. Siegel, Richard L. Corsi. Ultrafine particle removal and generation by portable air cleaners[J]. sciencedirect.2008:142~145
[11]KOCIK M, DEKOWSKI J, MIZERACAYK J. Particle precipitation efficiency in an electrostatic precipitator[J]. Journal of Electrostatics,2005(63):761~766
[12]J.D. Bapat. Application of ESP for gas cleaning in cement industry—with reference to India[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2001:658~659
[13]梁川.电除尘器专家帮助和故障诊断系统的开发研究[D].华北电力大学硕士学位论文, 2008
[14]JAWOREK A, KRUPA A, CZECH The.Modern electrostatic devices and methods for exhaust gas cleaning:a brief review [J]. Journal of Electrostatics,2007:65
[15]晏庆模.静电除尘器专家监控平台系统设计与应用研究[D].华北电力大学硕士学位论文,2003
[16]陈颖悟.电除尘控制系统设计与节能算法研究[D].浙江工业大学硕士学位论文,2008
[17]H.J.White, Industrial Electrostatic Precipitation[J]. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.1962:432~435
[18]节能减排[EB/OL]. http://baike.baidu.com/view/981515.htm?fr=ala0_1_1
[19]工信部:“十二五“节能[EB/OL].http://news.sohu.com/20091104/n267947998.shtml
[20]郑国强.电除尘器集中管控系统的设计与实现[D].国防科学技术大学研究生院工程硕士学位论文,2006
[21]Maria Jedrusik, Arkadiusz Swierczok, Ryszard Teisseyre. Experimental study of fly ash precipitation in a model electrostatic precipitator with discharge electrodes of different design [J]. Powder Technology,2003:786~789
[22]System and method for applying partial discharge analysis for electrostatic precipitator[EB/OL]. http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2007/0151446.html
[23]王亮.电除尘器本体结构的参数化设计及应用研究[D].天津理工大学研究生学位论文,2007
[24]Chen-Lu Yang, Michael Beltran. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR FOR METAL AND PARTICULATE EMISSION CONTROL[J]. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING,2000:236~242
[25]王雪梅.鲁奇电收尘器技术[J].环保收尘,2005(8):67~70
[26]Kocik.Particle precipitation efficiency in an electrostatic precipitator[J].Journal of Electrostatic,Jun2005, Vol.63 Issue 6-10.
[27]王洪江.大型电除尘器关键技术研究[D].重庆大学硕士学位论文,2008
[28]党小庆,门东杰,马广大等.大型电除尘器气流分布数值计算的研究和应用[J].重型机械,2007(1):30~31.
[29]Chen-Lu Yang, Michael Beltran. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR FOR METAL AND PARTICULATE EMISSION CONTROL[J]. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING,2000:541~546
[30]何剑.电除尘器气流分布技术的研究一气流均布影响因素的实验分析[D].西安理工大学硕士论文,2004
[31]卢泽锋,居斌,傅启文.电除尘器能耗分析与节能提效供电技术研究[J].华电技术.2008(30):72~75
[32]候可中.提高电除尘器除尘效率的研讨[J].华北电力技术,2002(12):19~24
[33]Vaclav Dostal, Minoru Takahashi. Study on lead ebismuth droplets’generation and their removal by an electrostatic precipitator[J]. Progress in Nuclear Energy,2008:787~790
[34]高军凯,黄超,田莉.提高电除尘器除尘效率措施的研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2007(29):763~766
[35]System and method for applying partial discharge analysis for electrostatic precipitator[EB/OL]. http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2007/0151446.html
[36]Maria Jedrusik, Arkadiusz Swierczok, Ryszard Teisseyre. Experimental study of fly ash precipitation in a model electrostatic precipitator with discharge electrodes of different design[J]. Powder Technology,2003:362~367
[37]何俊.电除尘器智能控制系统设计[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文,2007
[38]Jeong Hoon Byeon, Jungho Hwang, Jae Hong Park, KiYoungYoon, Byung Ju Ko,Suk Hoon Kang, Jun Ho Ji. Collection of submicron particles by an electrostatic precipitator using adielectric barrier discharge[J]. Aerosol Science,2006:1024~1026
[39]GE Fanuc Intelligent Platforms Announces Water Industry Solution Pack for Proficy?HMI/SCADA-iFIX[EB/OL],http://www.genewscenter.com/content/Detail.asp?ReleaseID=4228&NewsAreaID=2
[40]丁然,赵珊.电除尘器的节能控制策略[J].辽宁科技大学学报,2008(31):46~48
[41]李依琼,徐顾,王进,卢泽锋.电除尘器自动监控系统设计[J].第12届中国电除尘学术会议论文集,2008(12):1853~1855
[42]Andrzej Nowak, Stanis?aw Wojciech. Optimisation and experimental verification of a dust-removal beater for the electrodes of electrostatic precipitators[J]. Computers and Structures,2004:211~213
[43]Maria Jedrusik, Arkadiusz Swierczok, Ryszard Teisseyre. Experimental study of fly ash precipitation in a model electrostatic precipitator with discharge electrodes of different design[J]. Powder Technology,2003:426~428
[44]高仁鹏,左玉仙.组态软件IFIx3.5在电除尘中的应用[J].第11届全国电除尘学术会议论文集,2005:578~582
[45]岳丹松,隋家贤,许海玲. iFIX组态软件在炭黑生产过程控制系统中的应用[J].青岛科技大学学报,2005(26):537~540
[46]曹传功,朱希荣,马文贤,周晓锋,张坤.基于ODBC技术的组态软件与关系数据库连接[J].科技广场,2007(1):97~98
[47]ADO技术简介[EB/OL]. http://www.diybl.com/course/4_webprog ram/asp.net/netjs /2007 98/7062 2.html
[48]钱锋.基于iFIX组态软件的工业实时监控系统的优化设计与实现[D].中南大学硕士学位论文,2004
[49]常阳光,张永梅,刘涛.专家智能电除尘器监控系统设计[J].工业控制计算机,2008(21):48~49
[50]Agamemnon A.Varonos, John S.Anagnostopoulos,George C.Bergeles. Prediction of the cleaning efficiency of an electrostatic precipitator [J]. Journal of Electrostatics,2002:45~50
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