深侵彻弹弹体结构稳定性研究
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摘要
深侵彻弹在垂直侵彻混凝土过程中受到靶的反作用力,导致弹体出现轴向压缩、横截面应力集中以及内部装药安定性得不到保障等现象。为了诠释这一基本形象,获取较好的弹体结构,利用弹塑性力学、应力波传播基础、泰勒撞击理论、里希脱理论以及空穴膨胀等基本理论,分析弹体在垂直侵彻过程中弹身部分的轴向压缩量、横截面受力情况；并利用有限元软件AUTODYN-2D,数值模拟不同弹体侵彻半无限混凝土靶的过程。分析得出圆筒结构、加强筋结构(包括柱形加强筋和弧形加强筋)、变截面结构在侵彻过程中轴向压缩量、横截面应力以及内部装药压力随时间的变化曲线,其结果与理论计算基本吻合。将三种结构作对比分析,结果表明：在深侵彻过程中,加强筋结构弹体的轴向压缩量、横截面应力值与加强筋安放的位置有一定关系；与其它几种结构相比变截面结构弹体不仅弹身部分轴向压缩量最小,而且弹体横截面应力值变化也最小,且存在一个最优值；变截面结构内部装药在有缓冲物的前提下最大压力比圆筒结构小。因此,变截面结构能有效保障弹体垂直侵彻过程中结构的稳定性,提高内部装药的安定性。
Deep penetration projectile will get reaction force from the target when it penetrates into concrete vertically, which, will lead to such phenomenon as axial compression in projectile body, stress concentration in cross section and lack of internal charge stability. In order to interpret this phenomenon and obtain a better structure.Based on the theory of elastic-plastic mechanics, stress wave propagation, Taylor impact, and cavity expansion, this paper analyses axial compression and the force in the cross section in projectile body. We use finite element analysis software AUTODYN-2D to simulate the processes where different projectile bodies penetrate into semi-infinite concrete target. We get the time curve of analyses axial compression, force in the cross section and internal charge pressure when cylindrical structure, reinforcing rib structure (including cylindrical reinforcing rib and arc stiffener reinforcing rib), and variable cross-section structure are in the process of penetration respectively. The results are almost in accordance with the theoretical calculation.what is more; we make comparative analysis on the three structures. It shows that in process of deep penetration, axial compression and force in the cross section of the reinforcing rib structure are relative to its placed position; compared with other structures, variable cross-section structure has both minimal axial compression and minimal changing value of force in cross section, it exists an optimal value. Maximum pressure in variable cross-section structure will be smaller than that in cylindrical structures on condition that its internal charge is installed with buffer. Therefore, the variable cross-section structure can effectively guarantee stability of the structure and improve the internal charge stability in the process of penetration.
Deep penetration projectile will get reaction force from the target when it penetrates into concrete vertically, which, will lead to such phenomenon as axial compression in projectile body, stress concentration in cross section and lack of internal charge stability. In order to interpret this phenomenon and obtain a better structure.Based on the theory of elastic-plastic mechanics, stress wave propagation, Taylor impact, and cavity expansion, this paper analyses axial compression and the force in the cross section in projectile body. We use finite element analysis software AUTODYN-2D to simulate the processes where different projectile bodies penetrate into semi-infinite concrete target. We get the time curve of analyses axial compression, force in the cross section and internal charge pressure when cylindrical structure, reinforcing rib structure (including cylindrical reinforcing rib and arc stiffener reinforcing rib), and variable cross-section structure are in the process of penetration respectively. The results are almost in accordance with the theoretical calculation.what is more; we make comparative analysis on the three structures. It shows that in process of deep penetration, axial compression and force in the cross section of the reinforcing rib structure are relative to its placed position; compared with other structures, variable cross-section structure has both minimal axial compression and minimal changing value of force in cross section, it exists an optimal value. Maximum pressure in variable cross-section structure will be smaller than that in cylindrical structures on condition that its internal charge is installed with buffer. Therefore, the variable cross-section structure can effectively guarantee stability of the structure and improve the internal charge stability in the process of penetration.
引文
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[5]陈小伟.动能深侵彻弹的力学设计(Ⅲ)：缩比实验分析.爆炸与冲击.2006(2)
[6]李浩.美国钻地弹现状及发展趋势.环球飞行.2008(2)：64-71
[7]何唐甫,杨翠欣.钻地弹让地下堡垒面临威胁.知识就是力量.2006(7)：52-55
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[9]聂明飞,李玉龙.卵形头部弹侵彻单多层混凝土靶板有限元仿真.探测与控制学报.2009(4)：78-82
[10]Li.Q.M,Reid.S.R,Wen.H.M.Local impact effects of hard missiles on concrete targets. Nternational Journal of Impact Engineering.2005,32:224-284
[11]王浩,陶如意.截卵形弹头对混凝土靶侵彻性能的试验研究.爆炸与冲击.2005(2)：171-175
[12]周宁,任辉启,沈兆武,等.卵形头部弹丸侵彻钢筋混凝土的工程解析模型.动力与冲击.2007(4)：73-76
[13]青俊,李玉龙,金连宝,等.侵彻多层混凝土目标弹丸过载特性研究.探测与控制学报.2007(1)：13-17
[14]Hanchak.S J,Forrestal.M.J, Young E.R,etal.Research of deceleration-time curves during penetration of multipage concrete targets.Journal of Detection& Control.2007(1):13-17
[15]才鸿年,王鲁,李树奎.战斗部研究进展.中国工程科学.2002(4)：31-34
[16]姜华,王君杰.弹体侵彻混凝土数值模拟失效指标研究.振动与冲击.2009(8)：30-34
[17]Holmquist.T.J, Johnson.G.R, Cook.W.H.A Computational Constitutive for Concrete Subjected to Large Strains, High Strain Rates and High Pressure.International Symposium on Ballistics.1993,14:L591-600
[18]Livermore Software Technology Corporation.LS-DYNA KEYWORF USER'S MANUAL.2007
[19]Century Dynamics, Inc.AUTODYN USER'S MANUAL.2001
[20]L.Javier.Malvar,JohnE.Crawford etal.A plasticity con2 crete material model for dyna3d. Impact Engineering.1997(9-10):843-847
[21]张凤国,李恩征.大应变.高应变率及高压强条件下混凝土的计算模型.爆炸与冲击2002(3)：192-202
[22]崔伟峰.动能弹丸侵彻混凝土的数值模拟研究.国防科技大学研究生院学位论文.2003：1-2
[23]Vladimir.M..GolGeorge.CUradisand.James CPerson.Concrete Penetration by Eroding Projectiles Experiments and Analysis.Impact Engineering.1996(6):583-599
[24]Aneygier.A.N. and Yankelevsky D.Z.High Strength Concrete Response to Hard Projectile Impact.Impact Engineering.l996(6):573-583
[25]Holt.R.M, Unander.T.E. and Kenter.C.J.Constitutive Mechanical Behavior of Synthetic Sandstone Formed under Stress.Min.Sci & Geomech Abstr.1993(7):719-722
[26]齐爱东.刚性弹丸对混凝土靶的垂直侵彻研究.弹道学报.2003(4)
[27]刘士践.动能弹垂直侵彻混凝土的实验研究及其数值模拟.西南交通大学硕士学位论文.2007
[28]乔建忠.过载记录器的设计及数据处理分析.中北大学硕士论文.2009
[29]蔡红亮.动能弹对混凝土靶侵彻规律研究.南京理工大学硕士学位论文.2006：1-2
[30]FrantzeskakisC.Theillout.J.N.Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis ReinforcedConcrete Structures with a Particular Strategy Following the Cracking Process.Computers And structures.1989(31):121-123
[31]Agardh.L.Laine.L.D FE-Simulation of High velocity Fragment Perforation of Reinforced Concrete Slabs.Impact Engineering.1999(1):911-922
[32]PaulF.Hadala.Evaluation of Emprical and Analytical Procedures Used for Predicting the Rigid Body Motion of an Earth Penetrator.ADAO12143
[33]Gorge W Stone.Projectile Penetration into Representative targets.DE95003489
[34]Wlliam.L. Hacker andJohn.C,Galloway.An Efficient Technique for Calculating Weapon Response to penetration Loads.43th Bomb & warhead technical Meeting
[35]Jaies.R.Clifton.Penetration Resistance of Concretea review.IPB82-277912
[36]Sathya Hanagud and Bernard Ross.Large deformation,deep Penetration theory for acompressible strain-hardening target material.International Journal of Impact Engineering.2005(5):25-33
[37]Dass.RN, YenS.C..Purl.V.K.,Das.B.M.andWrightM.A.Tensile stress-strain behavior of.Lightly cemented sand.Rock Mech. Min.Sci&Geomeh.Abstr.1993(30):711-741
[38]DaxrenL..rice.Finite Element Analysis of Concrete Subjected to Ordnance Velocity Impact.AD-A258266
[39]WrightT.W and Frank K.Approaches to Penetration Problems Impact Bal kema.1998: 85-104
[40]Backman.M.E. and Goldsimith. W.The mechanics of Penetration of Projectiles into targets.Engineering sci.1978(1):1-99
[41]孙传杰,卢永刚,张方举,等.新型头形弹体对混凝土的侵彻效能.弹道学报.2009(4)：63-67
[42]孙传杰,卢永刚,张方举,等.一种新型头形弹体侵彻混凝土的试验研究.弹箭与制导学报.2009(6)：118-122
[43]李晓军,张殿臣,李清献,等.常规武器破坏效应与工程防护技术.总参工程兵科研三所.2001
[44]孙传杰,卢永刚,张方举等.新型头形弹体对混凝土的侵彻.爆炸与冲击.2010(3)：269-275
[45]G Ben-Dor,A Dubinsky,T Elperin.Shape optimization of impactor penetrating into concrete or limestone targets.International Journal of Solids and Structure.2003(17): 4487-4500
[46]韩永要.杆-管异型侵彻体侵彻机理研究.南京理工大学博士学位论文.2005
[47]Joseph R Mayersak.Kinetic energy cavity penetrator weapon.USP2004 0231552
[48]韩永要,赵国志,杜中华.长管体斜侵彻有限厚均质靶板简化模型.力学与实践.2007(1)：65-72
[49]张凤国,李恩征.混凝土撞击损伤模型参数的确定方法.弹道学报.2001(4)：12-16
[50]王君杰,陈诚.桥墩在船舶撞击作用下的损伤仿真研究.工程力学.2002(7)：156-160
[51]沈俊,刘瑞朝,杨建超,等.弹体侵彻岩体效应试验与理论研究.岩石力学与工程学报.2008(5)：946-952
[52]X W Chen,Q M Li.Deep penetration of a non-deformable projectile with different geometrical characteristics.International Journal of Impact Engineering.2002(6):619-63
[53]卢芳云.战斗部结构与原理.北京：科学出版社.2009
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