广州市天然气高压系统分析研究
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摘要
目前,广州市天然气利用事业正处于多气源进入、多气源交汇的关键性时期。除大鹏LNG项目以外,未来筹建或建设之中的广州市天然气气源项目还有珠海高栏港LNG站、西气东输二线工程、川气东送工程、海气登陆工程等。
多路气源的进入能够对广州市天然气供应的可靠性提供非常有力的条件,如何合理有效的利用好多路气源,构建起安全可靠、经济合理的天然气高压输储配系统,对于关乎国计民生的城市能源安全而言至关重要。这就对城市天然气高压主干系统设计的科学性、合理性提出了很高的要求,需要我们对高压系统进行动态模拟与分析,科学预测现有及未来管网的运行稳定性。
本研究内容将以广州市天然气市场调研与预测研究成果作为基础气量负荷依据,采用国外管网动态模拟软件,对广州市现有和规划高压管网工况模拟计算并优化,确定天然气高压管网的压力级制、管道管径以及门站、调压站设计边界条件等相关技术参数,研究分析高压管网的运营可靠性,探寻调峰应急气源的解决办法,以及事故工况下高压系统的应急能力,同时对今后的进一步研究提出建议。
在对广州市天然气高压系统的分析过程中,先采用正常工况下的静态模拟数据,判断其是否满足各用户用气压力需求作为前提;然后对各场站的供气量进行合理的分配,模拟计算出高峰日24小时内各场站的压力、流量随时间变化的曲线,判断整个系统在正常供气条件下能否满足小时调峰量;最后通过事故条件的假设,模拟出在其中一路气源停气的情况下,另外两路气源的补缺能否适应于整个管网系统的供气需求。
本文通过分析研究得出:广州市在近、远期供气规模分别为42亿和60亿标准立方米的预期下,其已建和拟建高压管网系统(含321公里高压管线、8座门站、12座调压站)能够满足各类用户的用气需求,同时利用该套高压管网系统自身的储气规模能够解决城市的小时调峰量,无需另建其它储气设施。此外,该套系统即使在其中一路气源断供的情况下,利用其它两路气源的补充,仍可保证用户用气不受影响。
At present, Guangzhou natural gas utilization industry is in the critical period of more air entry and the multi-gas convergence. In addition to Dapeng LNG project, future preparation or construction of natural gas supply projects in Guangzhou, there have Zhuhai Gaolan Port LNG station, West-East Gas Pipeline Project, East Gas Transmission Project, air-sea landing projects.
Multiple sources of gas entry provide very favorable conditions to the reliability of gas supply for Guangzhou city. How reasonable and effective way to use a lot of gas supply, build safe, reliable, economical storage and distribution of natural gas high-voltage transmission system, for about the national economy urban energy security is critical. It put forward high demand for the scientific and rational of this high pressure urban gas main system design, we need the high pressure system dynamic simulation and analysis, scientific forecast of existing and future pipeline network operation stability.
The study will be the Guangzhou market research and forecasting of natural gas research results as the basis of basic gas load, the use of foreign pipe network dynamic simulation software, in Guangzhou the existing and planned high-pressure pipe network simulation and optimization of operating conditions to determine the high-pressure natural gas pipeline network pressure-tier system, pipe diameter and gate stations, regulator stations and other related technical boundary conditions, design parameters, study and analyze the reliability of high-pressure pipeline network operations, emergency gas supply peaking to explore solutions, and high-pressure system accident conditions emergency response capacity, and future recommendations for further research.
In the analysis process of Guangzhou natural gas high-pressure system, we first use the normal condition of the static simulation data, to determine whether the gas pressure to meet the needs of all users as a prerequisite; then make reasonable allocation to the gas station's supply, simulation calculate the peak day of each station within 24 hours of pressure, flow rate versus time cuve, determine the system under normal conditions of supply can meet the peak hour volume;finally through the assumption by accident conditions, to simulate in which a road gas source gas stop condition, another two source supplement can adapt to the network system of gas supply demand.
The paper analyzes research drawn:Guangzhou City in the past, the scaleof long-term gas supply 4.2 billion, respectively, and 60 million standard cubic meters is expected. Its construction and proposed high pressure pipeline system (including the 321 km high pressure pipeline, 8 gate station, 12 value station ) can meet all kinds of users demand for gas, while using the set of high pressure pipe system itself can solve the problem of city gas storage scale of hours peak volume, without the other other storage facilities. In addition, the system even in one air source is cut for the circumstances, use other two air supplement, can ensure that users with gas is not affected.
多路气源的进入能够对广州市天然气供应的可靠性提供非常有力的条件,如何合理有效的利用好多路气源,构建起安全可靠、经济合理的天然气高压输储配系统,对于关乎国计民生的城市能源安全而言至关重要。这就对城市天然气高压主干系统设计的科学性、合理性提出了很高的要求,需要我们对高压系统进行动态模拟与分析,科学预测现有及未来管网的运行稳定性。
本研究内容将以广州市天然气市场调研与预测研究成果作为基础气量负荷依据,采用国外管网动态模拟软件,对广州市现有和规划高压管网工况模拟计算并优化,确定天然气高压管网的压力级制、管道管径以及门站、调压站设计边界条件等相关技术参数,研究分析高压管网的运营可靠性,探寻调峰应急气源的解决办法,以及事故工况下高压系统的应急能力,同时对今后的进一步研究提出建议。
在对广州市天然气高压系统的分析过程中,先采用正常工况下的静态模拟数据,判断其是否满足各用户用气压力需求作为前提;然后对各场站的供气量进行合理的分配,模拟计算出高峰日24小时内各场站的压力、流量随时间变化的曲线,判断整个系统在正常供气条件下能否满足小时调峰量;最后通过事故条件的假设,模拟出在其中一路气源停气的情况下,另外两路气源的补缺能否适应于整个管网系统的供气需求。
本文通过分析研究得出:广州市在近、远期供气规模分别为42亿和60亿标准立方米的预期下,其已建和拟建高压管网系统(含321公里高压管线、8座门站、12座调压站)能够满足各类用户的用气需求,同时利用该套高压管网系统自身的储气规模能够解决城市的小时调峰量,无需另建其它储气设施。此外,该套系统即使在其中一路气源断供的情况下,利用其它两路气源的补充,仍可保证用户用气不受影响。
At present, Guangzhou natural gas utilization industry is in the critical period of more air entry and the multi-gas convergence. In addition to Dapeng LNG project, future preparation or construction of natural gas supply projects in Guangzhou, there have Zhuhai Gaolan Port LNG station, West-East Gas Pipeline Project, East Gas Transmission Project, air-sea landing projects.
Multiple sources of gas entry provide very favorable conditions to the reliability of gas supply for Guangzhou city. How reasonable and effective way to use a lot of gas supply, build safe, reliable, economical storage and distribution of natural gas high-voltage transmission system, for about the national economy urban energy security is critical. It put forward high demand for the scientific and rational of this high pressure urban gas main system design, we need the high pressure system dynamic simulation and analysis, scientific forecast of existing and future pipeline network operation stability.
The study will be the Guangzhou market research and forecasting of natural gas research results as the basis of basic gas load, the use of foreign pipe network dynamic simulation software, in Guangzhou the existing and planned high-pressure pipe network simulation and optimization of operating conditions to determine the high-pressure natural gas pipeline network pressure-tier system, pipe diameter and gate stations, regulator stations and other related technical boundary conditions, design parameters, study and analyze the reliability of high-pressure pipeline network operations, emergency gas supply peaking to explore solutions, and high-pressure system accident conditions emergency response capacity, and future recommendations for further research.
In the analysis process of Guangzhou natural gas high-pressure system, we first use the normal condition of the static simulation data, to determine whether the gas pressure to meet the needs of all users as a prerequisite; then make reasonable allocation to the gas station's supply, simulation calculate the peak day of each station within 24 hours of pressure, flow rate versus time cuve, determine the system under normal conditions of supply can meet the peak hour volume;finally through the assumption by accident conditions, to simulate in which a road gas source gas stop condition, another two source supplement can adapt to the network system of gas supply demand.
The paper analyzes research drawn:Guangzhou City in the past, the scaleof long-term gas supply 4.2 billion, respectively, and 60 million standard cubic meters is expected. Its construction and proposed high pressure pipeline system (including the 321 km high pressure pipeline, 8 gate station, 12 value station ) can meet all kinds of users demand for gas, while using the set of high pressure pipe system itself can solve the problem of city gas storage scale of hours peak volume, without the other other storage facilities. In addition, the system even in one air source is cut for the circumstances, use other two air supplement, can ensure that users with gas is not affected.
引文
[1]段常贵.燃气输配(第三版)[S].中国建筑工业出版社.2001
[2]中国市政工程华北设计研究院.广州市天然气市场调研和预测研究报告[R].2010
[3]中国市政工程华北设计研究院.广州市天然气利用工程外围高压管线和应急气源规划方案(2010年~2020年) [Z].2010
[4]中国市政工程西北设计研究院有限公司.广州市珠海LNG项目配套高压系统工程可行性研究报告[R].2008(03)
[5]中国市政工程西南设计研究总院.广州市天然气利用工程三期工程(西气东输项目)初步设计[Z].2010(06)
[6]孙晖.上海市天然气主干管网系统运行工况分析研究.同济大学硕士论文[D].2007(03)
[7]杜晓春.关于城市天然气管网系统优化设计的方法研究[D].西南石油学院硕士论文.2005(04)
[8]柯向华.上海未来天然气主干管网系统研究[D].上海交通大学硕士论文.2009(11)
[9]王鑫.城镇天然气管网优化设计研究[D].合肥工业大学硕士论文.2010(04)
[10]刘庆堂.高压天然气管网动态模拟与壅塞流动特性研究[D].山东大学博士论文.2011(06)
[11]马江平,李帆等.城市高压燃气管网动态模拟计算[J].管道技术与设备.2006(06)
[12]苏欣,章磊等.SPS与TGNET在天然气管网仿真中应用与认识[J].天然气与石油.2009(03)
[13]杨昭.燃气管网动态仿真的研究及应用[J].天然气工业.2006(04)
[14]王建强,丁国玉等.城市燃气管网的瞬态模拟研究[N].河北科技大学学报.2010(02)
[15]姜华军,孔祥迪等.LNG接收站及配套高压管道调峰方式研究[J].石油化工应用.2010(08)
[16]福鹏,陈敏等.天然气管网储气调峰的动态仿真模拟[J].煤气与热力.2008(12)
[17]李健.天然气管网系统动态模拟与优化输配研究进展[J].中国科技信息.2006(14)
[18]张海琴,李萍.安全稳定供气中的调峰问题探讨[J].天然气工业.2008(02)
[19]谢英,袁宗明.城市天然气高压环网储气能力研究[J].管道技术与设备.2005(05)
[20]冷绪林,肖慰等.动态模拟在燃气环网储气调峰设计中的应用[J].油气储运.2001(24)
[21]黄葵,李丽.瞬态模拟计算在城市燃气高压管道设计的应用[J].煤气与热力.2004(24)
[22]王同华、张春波等.燃气管网设计中的模拟与优化研究进展.城市燃气[J].2005(05)
[23]秦导,王健红.管道网络拓扑模型与分析计算.北京化工大学学报(自然科学版)[N]. 2002(02)
[24]姜瑛.管网系统动态仿真数学模型的建立及求解.石油天然气学报[N].2010(02)
[25]张应辉.管网仿真在城市燃气输配调度中的应用.城市燃气[J].2009(08)
[26]邢国斌;明淑坤.城市天然气高压环网静动态模拟.2005年度山东建筑学会优秀论文集[C].2005
[27] GB50028-2006,城镇燃气设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006
[28] GB50251-2003,输气管道工程设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2003
[29] GB50494-2009,城镇燃气技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[30]气体管线瞬态和稳态模拟计算软件PIPELINE STUDIO FOR GAS使用培训手册[Z]
[31]Romeo E,Royo C,Monzon A.Improved explicit equations for estimation of the friction factor in rough and smooth pipes.2002
[32]Andrzej J.Osiadacz,Comparison of Isothermal and Non-Isothermal Pipeline Gas Flow Models.Chemical Engineering Journal.2001
[33]Evangelos Tentis.Transient Gas Flow Simulation Using an Adaptive Method of lines.ELSEVIER.2003
[34] Abdelhakim Ainouche.LP model uses line-pack to optimize gas pipelineoperation[J].Oil&Gas Journal,February 2003
[35]Vadim Seleznev. Numerical simulation of a gas pipeline network using computational fluid dynamics simulators[J] Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A, 2007,8,(5)
[36]Guang-Yan Zhu,Michael A Henson a,Lawrence Megan. Dynamic modeling andlinear model predictive control of gaspipeline network .Journal of Process Control, 2001,34, 34 (8)
[37]EMMA P G,KNIGHT J W. Simulation and analysis of a pipelineproces-sor .Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference. 1999
[38]O. B. Butusov,V. P. Meshalkin. Computer simulation of transient gas flows in complex round pipes[J] Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering, 2008,42, (1)
[39]Hati A, Verma N, Chhabra R. Transient Analysis of Gas Flow in a Straight Pipe. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2001, 79(1)
[40]W.Q Tao, H.C Ti. Transient Analysis of Gas Pipeline Network. Chemical Engineering Journal. 1998,(69)
[41]S.L Ke, H.C Ti. Transient Analysis of Isothermal Gas Flow in Pipeline Network. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2000,(76)
[42]G. P. Greyvenstein. An Implicit Method for the Analysis of Transient Flows in Pipe networks. Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng. 2002,(53)
[43]SELEZNEV Vadim. Numerical Simulation of a Gas Pipeline Network. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulators. Seleznev / J Zhejiang Univ Sci A 2007, 8(5)
[2]中国市政工程华北设计研究院.广州市天然气市场调研和预测研究报告[R].2010
[3]中国市政工程华北设计研究院.广州市天然气利用工程外围高压管线和应急气源规划方案(2010年~2020年) [Z].2010
[4]中国市政工程西北设计研究院有限公司.广州市珠海LNG项目配套高压系统工程可行性研究报告[R].2008(03)
[5]中国市政工程西南设计研究总院.广州市天然气利用工程三期工程(西气东输项目)初步设计[Z].2010(06)
[6]孙晖.上海市天然气主干管网系统运行工况分析研究.同济大学硕士论文[D].2007(03)
[7]杜晓春.关于城市天然气管网系统优化设计的方法研究[D].西南石油学院硕士论文.2005(04)
[8]柯向华.上海未来天然气主干管网系统研究[D].上海交通大学硕士论文.2009(11)
[9]王鑫.城镇天然气管网优化设计研究[D].合肥工业大学硕士论文.2010(04)
[10]刘庆堂.高压天然气管网动态模拟与壅塞流动特性研究[D].山东大学博士论文.2011(06)
[11]马江平,李帆等.城市高压燃气管网动态模拟计算[J].管道技术与设备.2006(06)
[12]苏欣,章磊等.SPS与TGNET在天然气管网仿真中应用与认识[J].天然气与石油.2009(03)
[13]杨昭.燃气管网动态仿真的研究及应用[J].天然气工业.2006(04)
[14]王建强,丁国玉等.城市燃气管网的瞬态模拟研究[N].河北科技大学学报.2010(02)
[15]姜华军,孔祥迪等.LNG接收站及配套高压管道调峰方式研究[J].石油化工应用.2010(08)
[16]福鹏,陈敏等.天然气管网储气调峰的动态仿真模拟[J].煤气与热力.2008(12)
[17]李健.天然气管网系统动态模拟与优化输配研究进展[J].中国科技信息.2006(14)
[18]张海琴,李萍.安全稳定供气中的调峰问题探讨[J].天然气工业.2008(02)
[19]谢英,袁宗明.城市天然气高压环网储气能力研究[J].管道技术与设备.2005(05)
[20]冷绪林,肖慰等.动态模拟在燃气环网储气调峰设计中的应用[J].油气储运.2001(24)
[21]黄葵,李丽.瞬态模拟计算在城市燃气高压管道设计的应用[J].煤气与热力.2004(24)
[22]王同华、张春波等.燃气管网设计中的模拟与优化研究进展.城市燃气[J].2005(05)
[23]秦导,王健红.管道网络拓扑模型与分析计算.北京化工大学学报(自然科学版)[N]. 2002(02)
[24]姜瑛.管网系统动态仿真数学模型的建立及求解.石油天然气学报[N].2010(02)
[25]张应辉.管网仿真在城市燃气输配调度中的应用.城市燃气[J].2009(08)
[26]邢国斌;明淑坤.城市天然气高压环网静动态模拟.2005年度山东建筑学会优秀论文集[C].2005
[27] GB50028-2006,城镇燃气设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2006
[28] GB50251-2003,输气管道工程设计规范[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2003
[29] GB50494-2009,城镇燃气技术规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[30]气体管线瞬态和稳态模拟计算软件PIPELINE STUDIO FOR GAS使用培训手册[Z]
[31]Romeo E,Royo C,Monzon A.Improved explicit equations for estimation of the friction factor in rough and smooth pipes.2002
[32]Andrzej J.Osiadacz,Comparison of Isothermal and Non-Isothermal Pipeline Gas Flow Models.Chemical Engineering Journal.2001
[33]Evangelos Tentis.Transient Gas Flow Simulation Using an Adaptive Method of lines.ELSEVIER.2003
[34] Abdelhakim Ainouche.LP model uses line-pack to optimize gas pipelineoperation[J].Oil&Gas Journal,February 2003
[35]Vadim Seleznev. Numerical simulation of a gas pipeline network using computational fluid dynamics simulators[J] Journal of Zhejiang University SCIENCE A, 2007,8,(5)
[36]Guang-Yan Zhu,Michael A Henson a,Lawrence Megan. Dynamic modeling andlinear model predictive control of gaspipeline network .Journal of Process Control, 2001,34, 34 (8)
[37]EMMA P G,KNIGHT J W. Simulation and analysis of a pipelineproces-sor .Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference. 1999
[38]O. B. Butusov,V. P. Meshalkin. Computer simulation of transient gas flows in complex round pipes[J] Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering, 2008,42, (1)
[39]Hati A, Verma N, Chhabra R. Transient Analysis of Gas Flow in a Straight Pipe. Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2001, 79(1)
[40]W.Q Tao, H.C Ti. Transient Analysis of Gas Pipeline Network. Chemical Engineering Journal. 1998,(69)
[41]S.L Ke, H.C Ti. Transient Analysis of Isothermal Gas Flow in Pipeline Network. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2000,(76)
[42]G. P. Greyvenstein. An Implicit Method for the Analysis of Transient Flows in Pipe networks. Int. J. Numer. Meth. Engng. 2002,(53)
[43]SELEZNEV Vadim. Numerical Simulation of a Gas Pipeline Network. Using Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulators. Seleznev / J Zhejiang Univ Sci A 2007, 8(5)