高填石路堤施工技术及质量控制研究
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摘要
随着山区高等级公路的迅速发展，高路堤特别是高填石路堤已成为我国山区高等级公路建设中无法回避的一种路堤结构形式，在高填石路堤修筑所面临的问题中，填石路堤的经济合理的施工技术、简便易行的质量控制方法等方面是急需解决的最关键的问题。本文以广西壮族自治区公路管理局和湖南大学土木工程学院联合承担的科研项目“高路堤施工技术与质量控制研究”为依托，深入研究了高填石路堤施工技术及质量控制技术。
本文首先总结和分析了国内外公路和坝工行业已有的相关成果，深入探讨了填石料的工程性质与最大干密度、长期稳定性等之间的关系，得到了一些有益的结论；通过现场试验路堤的试验和对高填石路堤压实机理、填石路堤压实效果影响因素、施工工艺和冲击压实技术等研究，解决高填石路堤压实工艺和最优碾压参数控制等技术问题；通过深入研究填石路堤压实质量控制原理和方法，解决高填石路堤压实质量检测方法和控制标准技术难题；解决高填石路堤沉降观测技术问题，并根据沉降观测结果研究高填石路堤地基和路堤沉降变化规律，得到了能预测沉降变化规律的“龚帕斯”成长曲线预测模型；根据工程实际，深入研究了边坡稳定性的影响因素，得到了有益的结论。
With the rapid development of the constructions in mountain areas, high-fill embankments, especially high-rock filled ones will be widely applied. Of all the questions during the construction of such embankments, such ones are needed first to be solved as finding economical construction ways and easy-to use quality control methods. In this paper, thoroughly discussed are Construction Technology and Quality Control of High-filled Embankment based on the joint research project, Research on Construction Technology and Quality Control of High-filled Embankment, by Guangxi Highway Management Bureau and College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University.
In this paper, first discussed are the corresponding results in highway and dam constructions and the engineering characters of rock-fills are deeply analyzed, especially the relationships between gradation, strength and maximum dry density, long-term stability of fillers including earth-fillers and rock-fillers and some conclusions of use are drawn. By in-situ tests and researches on compacting mechanism of high-filled rock embankments, effecting factors on compaction, construction technology and shock compacting technology, obtained in this paper are the compacting technology of high-filled rock embankment and the optimal parameters of rolling compaction. By deeply research on the theory and methods of quality control of high-filled embankment, settled are the questions as quality detection method and control standard of high-filled rock embankment. Also settled in this paper is the question of how to observe the settlements of high-filled rock embankment. By analyzing the observation data of the ground an
d embankment settlements, a settlement predicting model is brought out in this paper, which can well predict the settlement. By deeply analyzing the effecting factors of slope stability, some conclusions of use are also drawn in this paper.
本文首先总结和分析了国内外公路和坝工行业已有的相关成果，深入探讨了填石料的工程性质与最大干密度、长期稳定性等之间的关系，得到了一些有益的结论；通过现场试验路堤的试验和对高填石路堤压实机理、填石路堤压实效果影响因素、施工工艺和冲击压实技术等研究，解决高填石路堤压实工艺和最优碾压参数控制等技术问题；通过深入研究填石路堤压实质量控制原理和方法，解决高填石路堤压实质量检测方法和控制标准技术难题；解决高填石路堤沉降观测技术问题，并根据沉降观测结果研究高填石路堤地基和路堤沉降变化规律，得到了能预测沉降变化规律的“龚帕斯”成长曲线预测模型；根据工程实际，深入研究了边坡稳定性的影响因素，得到了有益的结论。
With the rapid development of the constructions in mountain areas, high-fill embankments, especially high-rock filled ones will be widely applied. Of all the questions during the construction of such embankments, such ones are needed first to be solved as finding economical construction ways and easy-to use quality control methods. In this paper, thoroughly discussed are Construction Technology and Quality Control of High-filled Embankment based on the joint research project, Research on Construction Technology and Quality Control of High-filled Embankment, by Guangxi Highway Management Bureau and College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University.
In this paper, first discussed are the corresponding results in highway and dam constructions and the engineering characters of rock-fills are deeply analyzed, especially the relationships between gradation, strength and maximum dry density, long-term stability of fillers including earth-fillers and rock-fillers and some conclusions of use are drawn. By in-situ tests and researches on compacting mechanism of high-filled rock embankments, effecting factors on compaction, construction technology and shock compacting technology, obtained in this paper are the compacting technology of high-filled rock embankment and the optimal parameters of rolling compaction. By deeply research on the theory and methods of quality control of high-filled embankment, settled are the questions as quality detection method and control standard of high-filled rock embankment. Also settled in this paper is the question of how to observe the settlements of high-filled rock embankment. By analyzing the observation data of the ground an
d embankment settlements, a settlement predicting model is brought out in this paper, which can well predict the settlement. By deeply analyzing the effecting factors of slope stability, some conclusions of use are also drawn in this paper.
引文
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[2] 交通部部级科技项目．公路填石路堤压实标准与检测方法总报告．交通部公路科学研究所等
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[4] 蒋国澄，溥志安，凤家骥编．混凝土面板坝工程．武汉：湖北科学技术出版社，1997
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[10] 史彦文．大粒径砂卵石最大密度的研究．土木工程学报，1981，14(2)：12-19
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[18] 张诚厚等．高速公路软土地基处理．北京：中国建筑工业出版社．1997
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[20] 陈明星．广佛高速公路软土地基处理试验研究．中南公路工程，1994，(3)：47-55
[21] 张奎鸿等．沪嘉高速公路软土地基工程的回顾．华东公路，1993，(6)：30-35
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[23] 水利电力部水利司编．水工建筑物监测工作手册．北京：水利电力出版社，1978
[24] 钱家欢．殷宗泽．土工原理与计算(第二版)．北京：中国水利水电出版社，1996
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[26] Sandhu,R.S,E&E.L.Wilson. Finite element analysis of seepage in elastic media, Journal of Engineering mechanics Division, ASCE, 1969, 95:641-652
[27] Chriestian,J.T&,J.W. Boehmer. Plane strain consolidation by finite element, JSMFD, ASCE, 1970, 96:693-707
[28] 沈珠江．应用有限元法计算软土地基的固结变形．水利水运科技情况，1977，2(1)：7-11
[29] 殷宗泽等．饱和软粘土平面固结问题有限元法．华东水利学院学报，1978,10(1)：12-18
[30] 曾国熙．龚晓南．软土地基固结有限元法分析．浙江大学学报，1983，17(1)：12-20
[31] 陈汉正．非饱和固结的混合物理论—数学模型、试验研究、边值问题[学位论文]．西安：陕西机械学院，1991
[32] 杨代泉．非饱和土广义固结理沦及其数值模拟与试验研究[学位论文]．南京：水利科学研究院，1990
[33] Chang. C.S,Duncan,J,M.Consolidation analysis of partly saturated clay usingelastc-plastic effictive strain model. Int J for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 1993,65(7):39-55
[34] YinZZ,Sun. C.L,Miao. L.C.Consolidation of unsaturated expansive soils.In:2nd Int Conf on Unsaturated Soils.Beijing: Academic Press. 1998,533-537
[35] 上海市标准．《上海市地基基础设计规范》．1989
[36] Casagrand. A.The Determination of the Preconsolidation load its Pratical Significance. In: Proc.1st Int. Conf. on S.M and F.E 1936,Vol.3p.60
[37] 赵明华等．压缩曲线的公式化及其应用．湖南大学学报，1990，17(2)：8-14
[38] 黄文熙．土的工程性质．北京：水利电力出版社，1984
[39] Skempton. A.W and Bjerrum. L.A Contribution to the settlement Analysis of foundation on Clay .Geotechnique, 1957,7(4):87-93
[40] Lame. T.W.Method of Estimating Settlement .PASCE,SM5,1964,2:43-67
[41] Roscoe. K.H,Burland.J.B.On the generalized n stress-strain behavior of wet clay. In:Heyman. Lechie. EngineeringPlasticity. Cambridge Univpress, 1968
[42] Duncan,J.M,&C.Y.Chang. Nonlinear analysis of stress and strain insoil. J.of Soil
Mechanics and Foundation Division, Proc.ASCE,M5,1970:1629-1653
[43] 郝传毅，路堤自身压缩的非线性有限元分析．中国公路学报，1987，11(1)：34-44
[44] 殷宗泽．土力学学科发展的现状与展望．河海大学学报，1999，27(1)：1-5
[45] 水利水电科学研究院．国外混凝土面板堆石坝．北京：水利电力出版社，1988
[46] 顾淦臣．土石坝的若干新技术(一)．水利水电科技进展，1995，15(1)：10-16
[47] 张润元．填石路堤施工工艺及质量控制．西南公路，1996，(3)：12-15
[48] 秦安鸿．路基土石混填施工．江苏交通工程，1996，(5)：13-16
[49] 洪毓康．土质土力学(第二版)．北京：人民交通出版社，1995
[50] K．太沙基著，徐志英译．理论土力学．北京：地质出版社，1960
[51] Aleksandar.Vesic.Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations.Engineering Handbook. Edited By Hans F,Winterkorn and Hsai-YangFang, 1975
[52] 公路软土地基路堤设计施工技术规范(JTJ017-96)．北京：人民交通出版社，1997
[53] 殷宗泽等．高等级公路沉降计算．河海大学，上海市政工程设计研究院，1995
[54] 吴心怡．高等级公路路堤沉降计算方法的研究[学位论文]．南京：河海大学，1995
[55] Chen W F. Limit analysis and soil plasticity. New York :Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 1975
[56] Ycuceman M S, et al. Three-dimentional stability analysis of slopes. Structure Safety,1990, 19(1): 1-20.
[57] 杨广庆等．高速铁路路基的填筑与压实检测．路基工程，1997，(5)：10-13
[58] 杨荫华．土石料压实和质量控制．北京：水利电力出版社，1992
[59] 欧阳敏华．压路机的主要参数．筑路机械，1995，(3)：12-17
[60] A-Grivas D, Asaoka A. Slope safety prediction under static and seismic loads. J. Geotech. Engrg. Div. ASCE, 1982, 108(GT5): 610-616.
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[2] 交通部部级科技项目．公路填石路堤压实标准与检测方法总报告．交通部公路科学研究所等
[3] 测绘辞典编委会．测绘辞典．上海辞书出版社，1981
[4] 蒋国澄，溥志安，凤家骥编．混凝土面板坝工程．武汉：湖北科学技术出版社，1997
[5] Roberts.M. The Quoich Rockfill Dam. In: Transactions,6th ICOLD,1958
[6] 公路路基设计规范(JTJ013-95)．北京：人民交通出版社，1995
[7] 公路路基施工技术规范(JTJ033-95)．北京：人民交通出版社，1995
[8] Stephenson. R.J.Density tests On rock Fillat Dam.In: ASTMTP523, 1973: 234-250
[9] Frost.R.J.Some testing experience and characteriscs Or bouldas gravellinearth dam. In: ASTM STP523, 1973: 178-189
[10] 史彦文．大粒径砂卵石最大密度的研究．土木工程学报，1981，14(2)：12-19
[11] 刘贞草．大粒径粗粒材料相对密度试验研究．土石坝工程．1987，16(2)：20-25
[12] 田玉树等．用渐近线辅助拟合法确定大粒径料砂卵石最大密度的研究．岩土工程学报，1992，14(1)：35-43
[13] 郭庆国．粗粒土的工程特性及应用．北京：黄河水利出版社，1996
[14] L．福斯布拉德著，甘杰贤等译．土石填方的振动压实．北京：人民交通出版社，1984
[15] 混凝土面板堆石坝施工规范(SL49-94)．北京：水利电力出版社，1994
[16] 郭诚兼，陈慧远编著．土石坝．北京：水利电力出版社，1981
[17] 孙继增等．BZJ-3A表面波仪研制及在砼面板堆石坝中应用．国家“八·五”攻关课题报告．1995
[18] 张诚厚等．高速公路软土地基处理．北京：中国建筑工业出版社．1997
[19] 刘元烈．广深珠高速公路深圳段试验路软基固结沉降试验研究[学位论文]．西安：西安公路交通大学，1993
[20] 陈明星．广佛高速公路软土地基处理试验研究．中南公路工程，1994，(3)：47-55
[21] 张奎鸿等．沪嘉高速公路软土地基工程的回顾．华东公路，1993，(6)：30-35
[22] 杭甬高速公路软土地基处理绍兴试验路．浙江省交通设训院，1992
[23] 水利电力部水利司编．水工建筑物监测工作手册．北京：水利电力出版社，1978
[24] 钱家欢．殷宗泽．土工原理与计算(第二版)．北京：中国水利水电出版社，1996
[25] Biot,M.A.General theory of three-dimensional consolidation. J.of Applied Physics, 1941, 12:155-158
[26] Sandhu,R.S,E&E.L.Wilson. Finite element analysis of seepage in elastic media, Journal of Engineering mechanics Division, ASCE, 1969, 95:641-652
[27] Chriestian,J.T&,J.W. Boehmer. Plane strain consolidation by finite element, JSMFD, ASCE, 1970, 96:693-707
[28] 沈珠江．应用有限元法计算软土地基的固结变形．水利水运科技情况，1977，2(1)：7-11
[29] 殷宗泽等．饱和软粘土平面固结问题有限元法．华东水利学院学报，1978,10(1)：12-18
[30] 曾国熙．龚晓南．软土地基固结有限元法分析．浙江大学学报，1983，17(1)：12-20
[31] 陈汉正．非饱和固结的混合物理论—数学模型、试验研究、边值问题[学位论文]．西安：陕西机械学院，1991
[32] 杨代泉．非饱和土广义固结理沦及其数值模拟与试验研究[学位论文]．南京：水利科学研究院，1990
[33] Chang. C.S,Duncan,J,M.Consolidation analysis of partly saturated clay usingelastc-plastic effictive strain model. Int J for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 1993,65(7):39-55
[34] YinZZ,Sun. C.L,Miao. L.C.Consolidation of unsaturated expansive soils.In:2nd Int Conf on Unsaturated Soils.Beijing: Academic Press. 1998,533-537
[35] 上海市标准．《上海市地基基础设计规范》．1989
[36] Casagrand. A.The Determination of the Preconsolidation load its Pratical Significance. In: Proc.1st Int. Conf. on S.M and F.E 1936,Vol.3p.60
[37] 赵明华等．压缩曲线的公式化及其应用．湖南大学学报，1990，17(2)：8-14
[38] 黄文熙．土的工程性质．北京：水利电力出版社，1984
[39] Skempton. A.W and Bjerrum. L.A Contribution to the settlement Analysis of foundation on Clay .Geotechnique, 1957,7(4):87-93
[40] Lame. T.W.Method of Estimating Settlement .PASCE,SM5,1964,2:43-67
[41] Roscoe. K.H,Burland.J.B.On the generalized n stress-strain behavior of wet clay. In:Heyman. Lechie. EngineeringPlasticity. Cambridge Univpress, 1968
[42] Duncan,J.M,&C.Y.Chang. Nonlinear analysis of stress and strain insoil. J.of Soil
Mechanics and Foundation Division, Proc.ASCE,M5,1970:1629-1653
[43] 郝传毅，路堤自身压缩的非线性有限元分析．中国公路学报，1987，11(1)：34-44
[44] 殷宗泽．土力学学科发展的现状与展望．河海大学学报，1999，27(1)：1-5
[45] 水利水电科学研究院．国外混凝土面板堆石坝．北京：水利电力出版社，1988
[46] 顾淦臣．土石坝的若干新技术(一)．水利水电科技进展，1995，15(1)：10-16
[47] 张润元．填石路堤施工工艺及质量控制．西南公路，1996，(3)：12-15
[48] 秦安鸿．路基土石混填施工．江苏交通工程，1996，(5)：13-16
[49] 洪毓康．土质土力学(第二版)．北京：人民交通出版社，1995
[50] K．太沙基著，徐志英译．理论土力学．北京：地质出版社，1960
[51] Aleksandar.Vesic.Bearing Capacity of Shallow Foundations.Engineering Handbook. Edited By Hans F,Winterkorn and Hsai-YangFang, 1975
[52] 公路软土地基路堤设计施工技术规范(JTJ017-96)．北京：人民交通出版社，1997
[53] 殷宗泽等．高等级公路沉降计算．河海大学，上海市政工程设计研究院，1995
[54] 吴心怡．高等级公路路堤沉降计算方法的研究[学位论文]．南京：河海大学，1995
[55] Chen W F. Limit analysis and soil plasticity. New York :Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 1975
[56] Ycuceman M S, et al. Three-dimentional stability analysis of slopes. Structure Safety,1990, 19(1): 1-20.
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