强风作用下列车—汽车—桥梁时变系统的动力响应及行车安全性、舒适性研究
|
摘要
风-列车-汽车-桥梁耦合振动的研究对行车安全与舒适、桥梁结构设计与养护具有十分重要的意义。本文的主要工作如下：
1、完善了列车空气动力模型。列车简化为弹簧阻尼相连的多刚体体系。作用于列车上的风包括列车运动风和自然风。风对列车的气动力主要由风与列车相对速度的大小以及相关的列车气动系数等确定。而列车气动系数的确定,除了考虑列车本身外形及其附近桥梁断面形状的影响外,还与相对风与列车运行方向的偏转角(即风偏角)有关。相对风的大小可根据列车车速、平均风速及其该时刻该节列车车厢质心所对应主梁位置处的脉动风速来计算。
2、建立了两种汽车空气动力模型。一种是“汽车接触点侧滑模型”,可模拟极短时间内突然风对桥上运行汽车的瞬时影响,适用于突然风作用下开展桥上汽车运行安全性评估；另一种是“汽车接触点非侧滑模型”,可模拟一定持续时间内在特定条件下自然风对桥上运行汽车的影响,适用于持续风作用下同时开展桥上汽车运行安全性、舒适性评估。这两种模型汽车分别采用了不同的自由度数,不同的汽车轮胎与桥面相互作用力模拟计算方法,但风对汽车气动力的模拟计算方法相同,而且均与风对列车气动力的模拟计算方法类似。
3、分别建立了铁路桥梁、公路桥梁以及公铁两用桥的空气动力分析模型。桥梁结构本身采用空间有限单元来模拟,大跨桥梁可考虑几何非线性的影响。而风对桥梁的气动力主要包括静风力、抖振力和自激力,桥梁气动力的大小主要由平均风速、脉动风速及桥梁的气动系数等确定。而桥梁气动系数的确定,不仅与主梁断面本身形状有关,还需考虑梁上列车(或汽车)外形的影响。故计算主梁气动力时,对于主梁附近是否有车,采用了不同的气动系数。对于高墩大跨桥梁,还可同时考虑作用在主梁和高墩气动力的影响。对于脉动风速的模拟,可考虑不同水平位置及不同高度的空间相关性。
4、提出了一种高效、实用的分析方法来建立风-汽车-列车-线路-桥梁时变系统的空间耦合振动方程。该方法易于计算机实施,可方便考虑不同类型汽车和列车、不同车流分布、列车的单双线行车、不同路面粗糙度、不同轨道不平顺、不同列车速度、不同汽车速度、不同自然风速等实际情况的影响。提出了相应的数值算法—“差分解耦法”和“预测-隐式积分法”,可精确高效的求解空间耦合振动方程,该方法在每一时间积分步内不需要迭代也不需要重新生成刚度、阻尼、质量矩阵。
5、基于‘'Visual Fortran 6.5"编制了“风-汽车-列车-线路-桥梁”大型耦合计算"VSI" (Vehicle and Structure Interaction dynamic program)程序,该程序具有良好的通用性,可以模拟常见的不同类型的桥梁、汽车和列车。开展桥梁风致振动、桥梁动力特性、风-列车-桥梁耦合振动、风-汽车-桥梁耦合振动、风-汽车-列车-桥梁耦合振动等的计算。通过“残差监视”保证方程求解的精度,通过“车辆预警”实时监视车辆的运行状态。
6、开展了风-高速列车-线路-简支梁耦合振动分析。以高速铁路32m简支梁为工程背景,建立了简支梁桥的有限元模型。然后开展了无风期间高速列车-线路-简支梁振动分析,主要探讨了列车车速、单双线行车等对车桥系统动力响应的影响,根据车桥动力响应计算结果和相关规范、标准对桥梁动力性能和高速列车运行安全性、舒适性进行了评估。接着开展了强风期间高速列车-线路-简支梁振动参数分析,探讨了列车车速、自然风速、轨道不平顺、车辆气动系数、桥梁气动系数等参数对车桥动力响应的影响。最后分别计算了四种不同平均风速下高速列车以不同车速通过多跨简支梁桥时的车桥动力响应,根据计算结果和相关规范标准,得到了确保列车安全舒适通过简支梁时对应的列车临界车速,提出了多风期间确保列车安全运营和桥梁正常使用的控制标准。
7、研究了风-汽车-连续刚构桥耦合振动。建立了高墩大跨连续刚构桥——坪子上大桥的有限元模型。首先通过与一成熟软件计算结果对比,验证了本程序的可靠性。然后计算了无风时车速和单双线行车对车桥振动响应的影响。随后采用两种方法,研究了不同风速下汽车通过刚构桥的振动响应,根据建立的安全性和舒适性指标,对汽车进行了评估,进而确定了不同路面状况和行车速度下的临界风速。最后通过桥梁风致振动和风-车-桥耦合分析,探讨了风和汽车对桥梁振动响应的影响。
8、开展了风-汽车-列车-公铁两用桥耦合振动分析。以重庆朝天门大桥为工程背景,建立了公铁两用桥有限元模型,计算了桥梁动力特性。然后分别开展了七种工况的仿真计算分析：公铁两用桥的风振分析、列车-公铁两用桥振动分析、风-列车-公铁两用桥振动分析、汽车-公铁两用桥振动分析、风-汽车-公铁两用桥振动分析、汽车-列车-公铁两用桥振动分析、风-汽车-列车-公铁两用桥振动分析。得到了不同工况下汽车、列车、公铁两用桥的最大空间振动响应及其时程曲线,并分别探讨了风、汽车和列车对桥梁动力响应的影响；风、汽车对列车振动响应的影响；风、列车对汽车振动响应的影响。最后对公轨两用桥的动力性能及强风作用下桥上列车、汽车运行安全性、舒适性进行了评估。计算结果表明：汽车对列车振动响应影响很小。列车使汽车的横向振动加大,但对汽车安全性影响很小。风对汽车和列车的竖向振动影响较小,增大汽车和列车的横向振动,增大汽车和列车的安全指标值,对行车不利。风、汽车和列车对桥梁振动响应均有显著影响。三者综合下使桥梁产生最大振动响应。
The study on coupled wind-train-automobile-bridge system has great significance for running safety and riding comfort of vehicles, design and maintenance of bridge. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as following:
1. Aerodynamic model of train is proposed. The train is idealized as a combination of a number of rigid bodies connected by a series of springs and dampers. The wind acting on the train composed of the wind generated by relative movement of train and atmosphere, mean wind and fluctuating wind. Aerodynamic forces expressed as aerodynamic coefficients and relative wind speed for train function. Aerodynamic coefficients consider the impact of bridge and wind yaw angle.
2. Two types of aerodynamic models of automobile are presented. One is aerodynamic model of contact points with sideslip, which is used to analysis the coupled system under sudden wind. The other is aerodynamic model of contact points without sideslip, which can calculate the coupled system under normal wind. They are different in forces between car and road, model degree numbers and used conditions. The aerodynamic forces are calculated by the same way of the train model.
3. Railway-bridge, highway-Bridge and highway-railway-bridge are modeled respectively. The bridge is represented by the conventional finite elements with geometric nonlinearity. Aerodynamic forces consist of mean wind, buffeting and self-excited aerodynamic forces. Aerodynamic coefficients of the bridge are different with vehicles or without vehicles. Three-dimensional fluctuating wind fields considering different heights are simulated.
4. This paper presents an efficient and practical framework for dynamic analysis of coupled wind, train, automobile and bridge system in time domain. This method is easy to consider any general types of automobiles and trains, running modes, road roughness, track roughness, different speed of vehicles, different speed of natural wind and so on. As two types of new numerical algorithms, "difference-uncoupled method" and "predictor-implicit integration method" are proposed respectively, this can perfectly solve the equation. In each integration step, the solution need not iterate, the matrixes of equation need not reassembled.
5. The associated computer program named as VSI are accordingly developed. The program can be used to study Wind-induced vibration of bridge, Dynamic behaviors of bridge, wind-train-bridge interaction, wind-car-bridge interaction, wind-road vehicle-train-bridge interaction and so on. Residual monitoring is used to ensure the accuracy of the solution. And safety monitoring is used to monitor the condition of vehicles.
6. Dynamic performances of coupled wind-train-simply bridge system are calculated. The indictors of safety and riding comfort are established. The effects of the speed of the train and running model are discussed under windless. Meanwhile, dynamic behaviors of the bridge and running safety and comfort of trains are estimated according to relative indictors of safety and riding comfort. The effects of speed of the train, speed of the natural wind, rail roughness, aerodynamic characters of the train and aerodynamic characters of the bridge are studied. Finally dynamic performances of trains are calculated under different wind velocity. Then critical speeds of the train under any natural wind are fixed.
7. Dynamic performances of coupled wind-automobile-continuous bridge are analyzed. First the VSI program is proved reliable by comparing with the calculation results of reliable software. Then the effects of the speed of the train and running model are discussed with windless. Meanwhile, the indictors of safety and riding comfort of the car are established. Dynamic performances, the safety and riding comfort of cars at any speed are studied. And critical speeds of natural wind are fixed. Finally the effects of the wind and vehicles to dynamic performances of bridge are analysis.
8. Dynamic performances of coupled wind-automobile-train-bridge are studied. Chao-Tian-Men-bridge is modeled. Vibration characteristics are calculated by Ansys program and VSI program, and showed the same results. The mutual influences among automobiles, trains and bridges under natural wind are discussed. Wind induced vibration of highway-railway-bridge and dynamic performances of rail-bridge, wind-rail-bridge, automobile-bridge, wind-automobile-bridge, automobile-rail-bridge and wind-automobile-rail-bridge are calculated. The results show that automobiles have little influences on dynamic performances of trains, while, trains affect dynamic performances of automobile in lateral direction under natural wind. Wind, automobiles and trains have influences on the bridge.
1、完善了列车空气动力模型。列车简化为弹簧阻尼相连的多刚体体系。作用于列车上的风包括列车运动风和自然风。风对列车的气动力主要由风与列车相对速度的大小以及相关的列车气动系数等确定。而列车气动系数的确定,除了考虑列车本身外形及其附近桥梁断面形状的影响外,还与相对风与列车运行方向的偏转角(即风偏角)有关。相对风的大小可根据列车车速、平均风速及其该时刻该节列车车厢质心所对应主梁位置处的脉动风速来计算。
2、建立了两种汽车空气动力模型。一种是“汽车接触点侧滑模型”,可模拟极短时间内突然风对桥上运行汽车的瞬时影响,适用于突然风作用下开展桥上汽车运行安全性评估；另一种是“汽车接触点非侧滑模型”,可模拟一定持续时间内在特定条件下自然风对桥上运行汽车的影响,适用于持续风作用下同时开展桥上汽车运行安全性、舒适性评估。这两种模型汽车分别采用了不同的自由度数,不同的汽车轮胎与桥面相互作用力模拟计算方法,但风对汽车气动力的模拟计算方法相同,而且均与风对列车气动力的模拟计算方法类似。
3、分别建立了铁路桥梁、公路桥梁以及公铁两用桥的空气动力分析模型。桥梁结构本身采用空间有限单元来模拟,大跨桥梁可考虑几何非线性的影响。而风对桥梁的气动力主要包括静风力、抖振力和自激力,桥梁气动力的大小主要由平均风速、脉动风速及桥梁的气动系数等确定。而桥梁气动系数的确定,不仅与主梁断面本身形状有关,还需考虑梁上列车(或汽车)外形的影响。故计算主梁气动力时,对于主梁附近是否有车,采用了不同的气动系数。对于高墩大跨桥梁,还可同时考虑作用在主梁和高墩气动力的影响。对于脉动风速的模拟,可考虑不同水平位置及不同高度的空间相关性。
4、提出了一种高效、实用的分析方法来建立风-汽车-列车-线路-桥梁时变系统的空间耦合振动方程。该方法易于计算机实施,可方便考虑不同类型汽车和列车、不同车流分布、列车的单双线行车、不同路面粗糙度、不同轨道不平顺、不同列车速度、不同汽车速度、不同自然风速等实际情况的影响。提出了相应的数值算法—“差分解耦法”和“预测-隐式积分法”,可精确高效的求解空间耦合振动方程,该方法在每一时间积分步内不需要迭代也不需要重新生成刚度、阻尼、质量矩阵。
5、基于‘'Visual Fortran 6.5"编制了“风-汽车-列车-线路-桥梁”大型耦合计算"VSI" (Vehicle and Structure Interaction dynamic program)程序,该程序具有良好的通用性,可以模拟常见的不同类型的桥梁、汽车和列车。开展桥梁风致振动、桥梁动力特性、风-列车-桥梁耦合振动、风-汽车-桥梁耦合振动、风-汽车-列车-桥梁耦合振动等的计算。通过“残差监视”保证方程求解的精度,通过“车辆预警”实时监视车辆的运行状态。
6、开展了风-高速列车-线路-简支梁耦合振动分析。以高速铁路32m简支梁为工程背景,建立了简支梁桥的有限元模型。然后开展了无风期间高速列车-线路-简支梁振动分析,主要探讨了列车车速、单双线行车等对车桥系统动力响应的影响,根据车桥动力响应计算结果和相关规范、标准对桥梁动力性能和高速列车运行安全性、舒适性进行了评估。接着开展了强风期间高速列车-线路-简支梁振动参数分析,探讨了列车车速、自然风速、轨道不平顺、车辆气动系数、桥梁气动系数等参数对车桥动力响应的影响。最后分别计算了四种不同平均风速下高速列车以不同车速通过多跨简支梁桥时的车桥动力响应,根据计算结果和相关规范标准,得到了确保列车安全舒适通过简支梁时对应的列车临界车速,提出了多风期间确保列车安全运营和桥梁正常使用的控制标准。
7、研究了风-汽车-连续刚构桥耦合振动。建立了高墩大跨连续刚构桥——坪子上大桥的有限元模型。首先通过与一成熟软件计算结果对比,验证了本程序的可靠性。然后计算了无风时车速和单双线行车对车桥振动响应的影响。随后采用两种方法,研究了不同风速下汽车通过刚构桥的振动响应,根据建立的安全性和舒适性指标,对汽车进行了评估,进而确定了不同路面状况和行车速度下的临界风速。最后通过桥梁风致振动和风-车-桥耦合分析,探讨了风和汽车对桥梁振动响应的影响。
8、开展了风-汽车-列车-公铁两用桥耦合振动分析。以重庆朝天门大桥为工程背景,建立了公铁两用桥有限元模型,计算了桥梁动力特性。然后分别开展了七种工况的仿真计算分析：公铁两用桥的风振分析、列车-公铁两用桥振动分析、风-列车-公铁两用桥振动分析、汽车-公铁两用桥振动分析、风-汽车-公铁两用桥振动分析、汽车-列车-公铁两用桥振动分析、风-汽车-列车-公铁两用桥振动分析。得到了不同工况下汽车、列车、公铁两用桥的最大空间振动响应及其时程曲线,并分别探讨了风、汽车和列车对桥梁动力响应的影响；风、汽车对列车振动响应的影响；风、列车对汽车振动响应的影响。最后对公轨两用桥的动力性能及强风作用下桥上列车、汽车运行安全性、舒适性进行了评估。计算结果表明：汽车对列车振动响应影响很小。列车使汽车的横向振动加大,但对汽车安全性影响很小。风对汽车和列车的竖向振动影响较小,增大汽车和列车的横向振动,增大汽车和列车的安全指标值,对行车不利。风、汽车和列车对桥梁振动响应均有显著影响。三者综合下使桥梁产生最大振动响应。
The study on coupled wind-train-automobile-bridge system has great significance for running safety and riding comfort of vehicles, design and maintenance of bridge. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as following:
1. Aerodynamic model of train is proposed. The train is idealized as a combination of a number of rigid bodies connected by a series of springs and dampers. The wind acting on the train composed of the wind generated by relative movement of train and atmosphere, mean wind and fluctuating wind. Aerodynamic forces expressed as aerodynamic coefficients and relative wind speed for train function. Aerodynamic coefficients consider the impact of bridge and wind yaw angle.
2. Two types of aerodynamic models of automobile are presented. One is aerodynamic model of contact points with sideslip, which is used to analysis the coupled system under sudden wind. The other is aerodynamic model of contact points without sideslip, which can calculate the coupled system under normal wind. They are different in forces between car and road, model degree numbers and used conditions. The aerodynamic forces are calculated by the same way of the train model.
3. Railway-bridge, highway-Bridge and highway-railway-bridge are modeled respectively. The bridge is represented by the conventional finite elements with geometric nonlinearity. Aerodynamic forces consist of mean wind, buffeting and self-excited aerodynamic forces. Aerodynamic coefficients of the bridge are different with vehicles or without vehicles. Three-dimensional fluctuating wind fields considering different heights are simulated.
4. This paper presents an efficient and practical framework for dynamic analysis of coupled wind, train, automobile and bridge system in time domain. This method is easy to consider any general types of automobiles and trains, running modes, road roughness, track roughness, different speed of vehicles, different speed of natural wind and so on. As two types of new numerical algorithms, "difference-uncoupled method" and "predictor-implicit integration method" are proposed respectively, this can perfectly solve the equation. In each integration step, the solution need not iterate, the matrixes of equation need not reassembled.
5. The associated computer program named as VSI are accordingly developed. The program can be used to study Wind-induced vibration of bridge, Dynamic behaviors of bridge, wind-train-bridge interaction, wind-car-bridge interaction, wind-road vehicle-train-bridge interaction and so on. Residual monitoring is used to ensure the accuracy of the solution. And safety monitoring is used to monitor the condition of vehicles.
6. Dynamic performances of coupled wind-train-simply bridge system are calculated. The indictors of safety and riding comfort are established. The effects of the speed of the train and running model are discussed under windless. Meanwhile, dynamic behaviors of the bridge and running safety and comfort of trains are estimated according to relative indictors of safety and riding comfort. The effects of speed of the train, speed of the natural wind, rail roughness, aerodynamic characters of the train and aerodynamic characters of the bridge are studied. Finally dynamic performances of trains are calculated under different wind velocity. Then critical speeds of the train under any natural wind are fixed.
7. Dynamic performances of coupled wind-automobile-continuous bridge are analyzed. First the VSI program is proved reliable by comparing with the calculation results of reliable software. Then the effects of the speed of the train and running model are discussed with windless. Meanwhile, the indictors of safety and riding comfort of the car are established. Dynamic performances, the safety and riding comfort of cars at any speed are studied. And critical speeds of natural wind are fixed. Finally the effects of the wind and vehicles to dynamic performances of bridge are analysis.
8. Dynamic performances of coupled wind-automobile-train-bridge are studied. Chao-Tian-Men-bridge is modeled. Vibration characteristics are calculated by Ansys program and VSI program, and showed the same results. The mutual influences among automobiles, trains and bridges under natural wind are discussed. Wind induced vibration of highway-railway-bridge and dynamic performances of rail-bridge, wind-rail-bridge, automobile-bridge, wind-automobile-bridge, automobile-rail-bridge and wind-automobile-rail-bridge are calculated. The results show that automobiles have little influences on dynamic performances of trains, while, trains affect dynamic performances of automobile in lateral direction under natural wind. Wind, automobiles and trains have influences on the bridge.
引文
[1]曾庆元,郭向荣.列车桥梁时变系统振动分析理论与应用.北京：中国铁道出版社,1999.
[2]铁摩辛柯著,胡人礼译.工程中的振动问题.北京：人民铁道出版社,1987.
[3]Willis R. Appendix of the Report of Commissioners Appointed to Inquire Application of Iron to Railway Structures[R]. his majesty's stationary office, London, 1849.
[4]陈英俊(1975)车辆荷载下桥梁振动基本理论的演进,桥梁建设
[5]曾庆元.铁路桥梁车振研究概况.第二届桥梁科学技术动态报告会议论文集.1988
[6]Jeffcott, H.H.(1929) " On the vibration of beams under the action of moving loads ". Philosophical Magazine, ser.7,pp.66-97
[7]Lowan, A.N.(1935)"On transverse oscillations of beams under the action of moving variable loads". Philosophical Magazine, ser.7,pp.708-715
[8]Inglis C.E. A mathematical treatise on vibrations in railway bridge[M].London:Cambridge,1934
[9]Mise K, Kunii S. a theory for the forced vibrations of a railway bridge under the action of moving loads [J]. Mechanics & Applied Mathematics,1956,9
[10]Muchnikov V M. Some methods of computing vibration of elastic systems subjected to moving loads[M]. moscow:Gosstroiizdat,1953
[11]Wen P.R. Dynamic response of beams traversed by two-axle loads. J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE.1960,86(EMS):91-111
[12]日本铁道设施协会.本州四国联络桥。列车走行に关すゐ研究[R].1970
[13]#12
[14]#12
[15]#12
[16]Chu K H, et al. Dynamic interaction of railway train and bridge[J]. Vehicle system dynamics,1980
[17]Chu K H, et al. Railway-bridge impact:simplified train and bridge model[J]. Structural engineering, ASCE,1979,105(9):1823-1844
[18]Wiriyachai A,Chu K H, Garg V K. Bridge impact due to wheel and track irregularities[J]. Engineering mechanics division, ASCE,1982,108(4):648-665
[19]Wiriyachai A,Chu K H, Garg V K. Impact study by various bridge models [J], Earthquake engineering &structural dynamics,1982,10(1):31-45
[20]Bhatti M H. Vertical and lateral dynamic response of railway bridges due to nonlinear vehicle and track irregularities[D]. Chicago:illinois institute of technology, 1982
[21]Diana G, et al. A numerical method to define the dynamic behavior of a train running on a deformable structure [J]. MECCANICA, 1988,Special Issue:27-42
[22]Diana G, et al. Dynamic interaction between railway vehicles and track[R]. Report dip. Di. Meccanica politecnico di milano,1986
[23]Diana G, Cheli F. Dynamic interaction of railway systems with large bridge[J]. vehicle system dynamics,1989,18(1-3):71-106
[24]Diana G, et al. Wind effects on the dynamic behavior of suspension bridge[R]. International report, milano,1986
[25]Otsson M. Finite element model co-ordinate analysis of structures subjected to moving toads. [J]Sound and Vibration.1985,99(1)
[26]Olsson M. On the foundational moving load problems J. Sound and Vibration.1991,145(2):299-307
[27]Green M.F., Cebon D. Dynamic response of highway bridges to heavy vehicles loads:and experimental validation. J. Sound and Vibration.1994, 170(1):51-78
[28]Green M.F., Cebon D., Cole D.J. Effects of vehicle design on dynamics of highway bridges. J. Structural Engrg., ASCE.1995,121(2):272-282
[29]Fryba, L. (2001) Assessment of railway bridges for high speed trains. Engineering Structures, Vol.23:p.548-556.
[30]Song, M.K., Noh H.C. and Choi C.K. (2003) A new three-dimension finite element analysis model of high-speed train-bridge interaction. Engineering Structures, Vol.25, pp.1611-1626.
[31]程庆国、许慰平.大跨度铁路斜拉桥走行性探讨,全国桥梁结构学术会议论文集,上海：同济大学出版社,1992
[32]程庆国、潘家英.大跨度铁路斜拉桥竖向刚度分析,全国桥梁结构学术 会议论文集,上海：同济大学出版社,1992
[33]夏禾.列车提速情况下铁路双线简支钢桁梁动力响应分析,铁道学报,1996 18(5)pp.75-82
[34]夏禾,张楠.车辆与结构动力相互作用,北京：科学出版社,2002
[35]李小珍、强士中。高速列车-大跨度钢斜拉桥空间耦合振动响应研究,桥梁建设,1998,4,pp.65-68
[36]李小珍、王应良、强士中.大跨度连续拱桁组合钢桥空间振动分析,振动与冲击,1999.18(4)
[37]翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学.北京：科学出版社,2007
[38]翟婉明,蔡成标.高速列车—轨道—桥梁动态相互作用原理及模型.土木工程学报,2005,38(11),132-137
[39]曹雪琴.钢桁梁桥横向振动,北京：中国铁道出版社,1991
[40]曹雪琴、陈晓.轮轨蛇行引起桥梁横向振动随机分析,铁道学报,1986.8(1)pp.89-97
[41]曾庆元、扬平(1986)形成矩阵的“对号入座”法则与桁梁空间分析的桁段有限元法,铁道学院,Vol.8(2)
[42]Zeng Q.Y., Lou P., and Xiang J. (2000) The principle of total potential energy with stationary value in elastic system dynamics and its vibration analysis. Proceedings of lCETS 2000, Beijing, China.
[43]郭文华、郭向荣、曾庆元(1999)京沪高速铁路南京长江大桥斜拉桥方案车桥系统振动分析,土木工程学报, Vol.20(3),pp.23-27
[44]郭文华、曾庆元(2003)多跨简支曲线轨道折线梁桥空间振动分析模型,工程力学, Vol.20(2)pp.1-6
[45]Morris N.F. (1976) Analysis of cable-stiffened space structures. Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol.102(3), pp.501-513
[46]Wilson J.F. and Barbas S.T. (1980) Response of continuous elasticity supported beam guideways to transit loads. Journal of Dynamic System, Measurement, and Control, Vol.102, pp.247-254
[47]毛清华(1989)公路桥梁的车辆振动研究, 博士学位论文,同济大学,上海
[48]Zaman M., Taheri M.R. and Khanna A. (1996) Dynamic response of cable-stayed bridges to moving vehicles using the structural impedance method. Applied Mathematical Modelling, Vol.20(12), pp.877-889
[49]Wang T.L. and Huang D.Z. (1992). Cable-stayed bridge vibration due to road surface roughness. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol.118(5), pp. 1354-1364
[50]Huang D.Z. and Wang T.L. (1992) Impact analysis of cable-stayed bridges. Computers & Structures, Vol.43(5), pp.897-908
[51]Khalifa M.A. (1993) Parametric study of cable-stayed bridge response due to traffic-induced vibration. Computers & Structures, Vol.47(2), pp.321-339
[52]Paultre P., Proulx J. and Begin T. (2000) Dynamic investigation of a hybrid suspension and cable-stayed bridge. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol.29, pp.731-739
[53]Guo W.H.and Xu Y.L. (2001) Fully computerized approach to study cable stayed bridge vehicle interaction, Journal of Sound & Vibration, Vol.248 (4), pp. 745-761
[54]Kim, C.W., Kawatani M. and Kim K.B., (2005) Three-dimension dynamic analysis for bridge-vehicle interaction with roadway roughness. Computers and Structures, Vol.83, pp.1627-1645
[55]杨建荣.车—桥耦合作用下公路桥梁局部振动研究[D].上海：同济大学,2007
[56]胡晓燕.大跨度公路桥梁车桥耦合振动响应研究[D].武汉：武汉理工大学,2009.
[57]ORE C149专业委员会.高速列车通过隧道产生的问题.黄弈锦译,空气动力学和噪声,1996年：91-128
[58]W.Khier, M.Breuer, F.Durst, Flow structure around trains under side wind Conditions:a numerical study, Computers & Fluids 29(2000):179～195.
[59]何华,田红旗,熊小慧等.横风作用下敞车的气动性能研究.中国铁道科学,2006,27(3)：73-77
[60]Minoru Suzuki, Katsuji Tanemoto, Tatsuo Maeda, Aerodynamic characteristics of train/vehicles under cross winds, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 91(2003)209～218
[61]李人宪.列车三维紊态外流场的数值模拟研究：[博士学位论文].成都：西南交通大学,1998
[62]Baker,J.Jones, F.Lopez-Calleja, Measurements of the cross wind forces on trains, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2004, 92(7-8):547～563
[63]N.D.Humphreys, C.J. Baker. Forces on Vehicles in Cross Winds from Moving Model Tests.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,41～ 44(1992):2673～2684
[64]马启文XNJD-1工业风洞高速列车试验技术.第四届全国风工程及工业空气动力学学术会议论文集.1994,401-406
[65]张健.高速列车动车头形风洞试验研究.流体力学实验与测量,199711(2)：85-89
[66]张健,陈南翼.横风对电动车组中各车辆气动特性影响的试验研究.机车电传动,1998,(2)：4-11
[67]陈南翼,张健.高速列车空气阻力试验研究.铁道学报,1998,(20)5：40-46
[68]田红旗,高广军.270km/h高速列车气动力性能研究.中国铁道科学,2003,24(2)：14-18
[69]田红旗,梁习锋.“中华之星”高速列车综合空气动力性能研究.机车电传动,2003,(5)：40-45
[70]梁习锋,田红旗,邹建军.动力车纵向气动力风洞试验及数值模拟.国防科技大学学报,2003,6
[71]易仕和,邹建军等.利用均匀抽吸地板进行高速列车模型地板边界层影响的试验研究.流体力学实验与测量,1997.6,2
[72]武青海.列车空气动力学数值仿真研究：[博士学位论文].北京：铁道部科学研究院,2002
[73]张斌,梁习锋.准高速列车表面压力分布测量实车试验研究.铁道车辆,2000.10,10
[74]T.W.Chiu. Prediction of the aerodynamic loads on a railway train in a cross-wind at large yaw angles using an integrated two- and three-dimensional source-vortex panel method. Journal of wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1995,57(1):19～39
[75]A.Orellano, M.Schober, On side-wind stability of high speed trains, Vehicle System Dynamics Supplement 40(2003),143～160
[76]Anderssonl E, Haggstrom J, Sima M, Assessment of train- overtuning risk due to strong cross-winds, J. Rail and Rapid Transit, Proe. Instn Meeh. Engrs, 2004(218)Part, F:213～223
[77]B Diedrichs, M Sima, A Orellano, H Tengstrand, Crosswind stability of a high speed train on a high enbankment, Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2007,221 (2),205～225
[78]A.Carrini. Reliability based analysis of the crosswind stability of railway vehicles. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 95(2007)493～509
[79]梁习锋,熊小慧,易仕和.强侧风作用下棚车气动外形优化,国防科技大学学报,2006,28(2)：26-30
[80]梁习锋,熊小慧.4种车型横向气动性能分析与比较.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,37(3)：607-612
[81]梁习锋,沈娴雅.环境风与列车交会耦合作用下磁浮列车横向气动性能.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,38(4)：751-757
[82]李人宪,刘应清.高速列车紊态外流场的数值模拟研究.应用力学学报,2001,3
[83]李人宪.列车三维紊态外流场的数值模拟研究：[博士学位论文].成都：西南交通大学,1998
[84]李人宪,翟婉明.磁悬浮列车横风稳定性的数值分析.交通运输工程学报,2001,1(1)：99-101
[85]张小刚.高速列车湍流三维绕流数值模拟研究：[博士学位论文].西安：西安交通大学,1995
[86]陈康,罗簧.横风对液力传动动车直线运行性能的影响.铁道车辆,2003.6.6
[87]Pritchard J.R. (1985) Wind effects on high sided vehicles. Journal of the Institution of Highways and Transportation, pp.22-25
[88]Baker C.J. (1994) The quantification of accident risk for road vehicles in cross winds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol.52, pp. 93-107
[89]Baker C.J. (1998) The effects of high winds on vehicle behaviour. Bridge Aerodynamics, Balkema, Rotterdam, pp.267-282
[90]Gawthorpe R.G. (1994) Wind effects on ground transportation. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamic, Vol.52, pp.73-92
[91]Coleman S.A. and Baker C.J. (1994) An experimental study of the aerodynamic behaviour of high sided lorries in cross winds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamic, Vol.53, pp.401-429
[92]Andrew Chadwick, Kevin Garry, JeffHowell, Transient Aerodynamic Characteristics of Simple Vehiele Shapes by the Measurement of Surfaee Pressures, SAE 2001
[93]Verzicco R., et al, (2002) Large eddy simulation of a road-vehicle with drag reduction devices, AIAA Journal, Vol.40 (12) pp.2447-2455
[94]傅立敏.汽车空气动力学.北京：机械工业出版社,1998.
[95]杜子学,陈振明.移动地面条件下的微型车外流场数值模拟研究.华东交通大学学报,2008,1(25)：16-19
[96]周伟,谷正气.超车情况下外流场计算仿真分析与研究.汽车工程,2005,3(27)：344-346
[97]葛玉梅,李永乐,何向东.作用在车一桥系统上风荷载的风洞试验研究.西南交通大学学报,2001,(6)：
[98]祝志文,陈伟芳,陈政清.横风中双层客车车辆的风载荷研究.国防科技大学学报,2001,23(5)：117-121.
[99]祝志文.陈政清.YZ22型车辆与铁路T型简支梁桥的风载荷研究.湖南大学学报,2001,2
[100]祝志文,陈政清.单、双层客车车辆在铁路桥梁上的横向气动力特性.中南工业大学学报,2001.8,4
[101]Yu X. and Gong Q. (2006) Numerical Calculation of the Wind load on bridge-train system under the strong wind, in Progress in safety science and technology. Changsha, China:Science Press USA Inc
[102]刘志燕.侧风下高速列车-简支箱梁系统气动性能的数值研究[D].长沙：中南大学,2010
[103]李磊.侧风下典型车辆气动力系数及桥塔和主梁干扰效应研究[D].上海：同济大学,2009.
[104]Diana.G, Che li F. Dynamic interaction of railway systems with large bridges. Vehiele System Dynamies.1989,18(1):71-106
[105]Marco Bocciolone, Federico Cheli, Roberto Corradi. Crosswind action on rail vehicles:Wind tunnelexperimental analyses[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering
and Industrial Aerodynamics 96 (2008) 584-610
[106]郭向荣,曾庆元.京沪高速铁路南京长江斜拉桥方案行车临界风速分析[J].铁道学报.2001,23(5)：75—80.
[107]葛玉梅.斜拉桥在考虑风效应时的车—桥祸合振动[D].成都：西南交通大学.2001.3
[108]葛玉梅,周述华,李龙安.斜拉桥在考虑风效应时的车—桥祸合振动[J].西南交通大学学报.2001,36(4)：369-373.
[109]葛玉梅,李永乐,何向东.作用在车—桥系统上风荷载的风洞试验研究[J]. 西南交通大学学报.2001,36(6)：612-616.
[110]李永乐.风—车—桥系统非线性空间祸合振动研究[D].成都：西南交通大学.2003
[111]黄林.列车风与自然风联合作用下的车—桥祸合振动分析[D].成都：西南交通大学.2008.
[112]夏禾,徐幼麟,阎全胜.大跨度悬索桥在风与列车荷载同时作用下的动力响应分析.铁道学报.2002,24(4)：83-91
[113]郭薇薇、夏禾、徐幼麟.风荷载作用下大跨度悬索桥的动力响应及列车运行安全分析[J].工程力学.2006,Vol.23(2)：103-110
[114]王小松.车—桥—风相互作用的理论分析[D]上海：同济大学,2007
[115]王小松,葛耀君.风荷载对车桥系统中轮轨相互作用力的影响研究[C].辽宁大连：第十三届全国结构风工程会议论文集.2007,814-821
[116]WEN-HUA Guo. Dynamic analysis of coupled road vehiele and longspan cable-stayed bridge Systems underer osswinds [D].DePartment of Civil and Struetrual Engineering of the HongKong Ploytechnic University,2003
[117]Xu Y L Guo W H. Dynamic analysis of coupled road vehicle and cable-stayed bridge systems under turbulenlt wind[J].Eng.StrUet.2003,25:73-86
[118]Y.L.Xu. W.H.Guo. Effeets of bridge motion and crosswind on ride comfort of road vehieles, Journal of Sound Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamies,2004, Vol.92,641-662
[119]韩万水.风—汽车—桥梁系统空间祸合振动研究田[D].同济大学博士论文,2006
[120]韩万水,陈艾荣.风—汽车—桥梁系统空间祸合振动研究[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(9)：53-58
[121]韩万水,陈艾荣.风环境下行驶于大跨度斜拉桥上的车辆驾驶舒适性评价[J].中国公路学报,2008,2
[122]周立.大跨度桥梁风振和车辆振动响应及其疲劳性能研究[D].同济大学博士学位论文,2008
[123]Cai C S, Chen S R. Frame work of vehiele-bridge-wind dynamic analysis[J]. Journal of wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamies,2004,92:579-607
[124]Suren Chen. Dynamics Performance of Bridges and vehieles under strong wind [D].LouisianaStat University and Agriculture and Mechanical College,May,2005
[125]马麟.考虑驾驶员行为的风-汽车-桥梁系统空间耦合振动研究[D].西安：长安大学,2008.
[126]Baker, C. J. A simplified analysis of various types of wind induced road vehicle accidents. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics. Vol.22, pp.69-85.1986
[127]Coleman, S.A. and Baker, C.J. High-sided road vehicles in cross winds. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics. Vol.36, pp.1383-1392. 1990.
[128]曾峰.侧风下车桥气动力系数数值模拟及行车安全研究[D].长沙：中南大学,2010
[129]王开文.车轮接触点迹线及轮轨接触几何参数的计算.西南交通大学学报,1984,(1)：89-99
[130]王福天.车辆系统动力学[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1994.
[131]Kalker J J. On the rolling contact of two elastic bodies in the presence of dry friction. PhD. Dissertation, Delft University of technology, Delf, Netherlands, 1967
[132]蔡成标.高速铁路列车-线路-桥梁耦合振动理论及应用研究[D].成都：西南交通大学,1999
[133]晋智斌.车-线-桥耦合系统及车-桥随机振动[D].成都：西南交通大学,2007
[134]李小珍,强士中.列车-桥梁耦合振动研究的现状与发展趋势[J].铁道学报,2002,24(5)：112-120
[135]曹雪琴.列车通过时桥梁结构竖向振动分析[J].上海铁道学院学报,1981,2(3)：1-15.
[136]曾庆元,等.桁梁行车空间振动计算的桁段有限元法.桥梁建设,1985,(4)：1-16.
[137]Clough R.W.,Penzien J. Dynamics of Structures (2nd). New York: McGraw-Hill Inc,1996.
[138]李国豪.桥梁振动与稳定(修订版).北京：中国铁道出版社,2003.
[139]Bathe K.J. Finite Element Procedures (2nd). New Jersey:Prentice Hall, 1996.
[140]Li Mingshui, He Dexin. Numerical simulation of natural wind field空气动力学学报.1999,17(1)：44-51
[141]邹小江.斜拉桥风振响应时域分析及静风稳定性研究[D].广州：华南理工大学,2003
[142]Rice S.O. Mathematic analysis of random noise. Selected papers on noise and stochastic processes N. WAX, ed. Dover publish Inc., New York, N.Y., 1954,133～294
[143]M. Shinozuka, G. Deodatis. Simulation of stochastic processes by spectral representation. Appl. Mech. Rev.1991,44(4):191-203.
[144]Shinozuka M. Monte Carlo solution of structural dynamics. Comput. Struct.1972,2(5,6):855-874
[145]Shinozuka M, Jan C. M.Digital simulation of random processes and itsapplications. J. Sound and Vibration.1972,25(1):111-128
[146]Priestley M. B. Power spectral analysis of non-stationary random processes. J. Sound and Vibration.1967,6(1):86-97
[147]G Deodatis, M. Shinozuka. Simulation of seismic ground motion using stochastic waves. J. Engng. Mech.1989,115(12):2723-2737
[148]M. Shinozuka,G Deodatis. Simulation of multidimensional Gaussian stochastic fields by spectral representation. Appl. Mech. Rev.1996,49(l):29-53
[149]G Deodatis. Simulation of ergodic multivariate stochastic process. J. Eng. Mech.ASCE.1996,122(8):778-787
[150]Yang J. N. Simulation of random envelope processes. Journal of Sound and Vibration.1972,25(1):73-85
[151]Yang J. N. On the normality and accuracy of simulated random processes Journal of Sound and Vibration.1973,26(3):417-428
[152]Shinozuka M. Digital simulation of random processes in engineering mechanics with the aid of FFT technique. Stochastic Problems in Mechanics. University of Waterloo Press. Waterloo.1974:277-286
[153]G Deodatis, M. Shinozuka. Simulation of seismic ground motion using stochastic waves. J. Engng. Mech.1989,115(12):2723-2737
[154]W W Yang,T Y P Chang,C C Chang.An efficient winfield simulation technique for bridges [J] Journal of Win and Industrial Aerodynamics,1997,67 & 68: 697-708.
[155]曹映泓,项海帆,周颖.大跨度桥梁随机风场的模拟[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(3)：72-78.
[156]王之宏.风荷载的模拟研究[J].建筑结构学报,1994,15(1)：44-52.
[157]韩大建,邹小江,苏成.大跨度桥梁考虑桥塔风效应的随机风场的模拟[J].工程力学,2003,20(6)：18-22.
[158]陈政清.桥梁风工程[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2005
[159]Simiu E., Scanlan R.H. Wind effects on structures,2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. New York, N. Y.1986
[160]Davenport A. G. The application of statistical concepts to the wind loading of structures. Proc. Inst. Civ. Engrs.1961,19:449-472
[161]Scanlan, R.H. The action of flexible bridge under wind, II:buffeting theory[J]. Sound and vibration,1978,60(2):201-211
[162]R.H. Scanlan. Problematic in formulation of wind-force model for bridge decks. [J] struct. Engrg. ASCE,1993,119(7) 1433～1446
[163]Jain A, Jones N P, Scanlan R. H. Coupled flutter and buffeting analysis of long-span bridges. J. Struct. Engrg, ASCE,1996,122(7),716～725
[164]Sears W R. Some aspects of non-stationary airfoil theory and its practical application. Journal of Aeronautical Science,1941,8(3)
[165]Liepmann H.W. on the application of statistical concepts to the buffcting problem. Joumal of Aeronautical Science.1952,19(12):793-800
[166]项海帆,葛耀君等.现代桥梁抗风理论与实践[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2005.11
[167]Scanlan, R.H.. The action of flexible bridge under wind, I:flutter theory. J. sound and vibration,1978,60(2):187～199
[168]Sacker, P P, Jones, N. P, Scanlan, R. H.. Identification of aeroelastic parameters of flexible bridges. J. Eng. Mech.,1994,120(8),1718～1742
[169]Jones N. P, Jain A., Scanlan R. H. Multi-mode aerodynamic analysis of long-span bridges. Proceeding of Structure Congress, ASCE. Atlanta, Georgia 1994,4
[170]Bucher C G, Lin Y K. Stochastic stability of bridges considering coupled modes [J]. Eng. Mech., ASCE,114(12),1988:2055-2071
[171]Yang W W Finite element modeling and aerodynamic responses of cable supported bridges. Ph.D. thesis, The Hong Kong University of Science and technology, March,1996
[172]谭学民.大跨度斜拉桥风致振动时域分析—香港汀九大桥工程应用[D].广州：华南理工大学,1999
[173]Garg V K, Dukkipati R V. Dynamics of railway vehicle systems. Academic press, Canada,1984
[174]长沙铁道学院随机振动研究室.关于机车车辆/轨道系统随机激励函数的研究[J].长沙铁道学院学报.1985,(2)：1-36
[175]铁道部科学研究院铁道建筑研究所.我国干线轨道不平顺功率谱的研 究.北京：铁道部科学研究院,1999
[176]王澜.轨道结构随机振动理论及其在轨道结构减振中的应用[D].北京：铁道科学研究院,1988
[177]徐志胜,翟婉明,王开云.基于Timoshenko梁模型的车辆-轨道耦合振动分析[J].西南交通大学学报.2003,38(1).
[178]Baker C J. Measures to control vehicle movement at exposed sites during windy periods. J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerodyn.1987, Vol,25,151-161
[179]International Organization for Standardization. Guide for the evalution of human exposure to whole-body vibration. 2nd edition, International Standard 2631,1978.
[180]吴肖俊.高墩大跨连续刚构桥主梁三分力系数数值模拟研究[D].长沙：中南大学,2010
[181]敖文刚,,晏致涛,王承启.中承式桁架拱桥节段模型风洞试验研究[J].重庆工商大学学报.2007,24(5).
[2]铁摩辛柯著,胡人礼译.工程中的振动问题.北京：人民铁道出版社,1987.
[3]Willis R. Appendix of the Report of Commissioners Appointed to Inquire Application of Iron to Railway Structures[R]. his majesty's stationary office, London, 1849.
[4]陈英俊(1975)车辆荷载下桥梁振动基本理论的演进,桥梁建设
[5]曾庆元.铁路桥梁车振研究概况.第二届桥梁科学技术动态报告会议论文集.1988
[6]Jeffcott, H.H.(1929) " On the vibration of beams under the action of moving loads ". Philosophical Magazine, ser.7,pp.66-97
[7]Lowan, A.N.(1935)"On transverse oscillations of beams under the action of moving variable loads". Philosophical Magazine, ser.7,pp.708-715
[8]Inglis C.E. A mathematical treatise on vibrations in railway bridge[M].London:Cambridge,1934
[9]Mise K, Kunii S. a theory for the forced vibrations of a railway bridge under the action of moving loads [J]. Mechanics & Applied Mathematics,1956,9
[10]Muchnikov V M. Some methods of computing vibration of elastic systems subjected to moving loads[M]. moscow:Gosstroiizdat,1953
[11]Wen P.R. Dynamic response of beams traversed by two-axle loads. J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE.1960,86(EMS):91-111
[12]日本铁道设施协会.本州四国联络桥。列车走行に关すゐ研究[R].1970
[13]#12
[14]#12
[15]#12
[16]Chu K H, et al. Dynamic interaction of railway train and bridge[J]. Vehicle system dynamics,1980
[17]Chu K H, et al. Railway-bridge impact:simplified train and bridge model[J]. Structural engineering, ASCE,1979,105(9):1823-1844
[18]Wiriyachai A,Chu K H, Garg V K. Bridge impact due to wheel and track irregularities[J]. Engineering mechanics division, ASCE,1982,108(4):648-665
[19]Wiriyachai A,Chu K H, Garg V K. Impact study by various bridge models [J], Earthquake engineering &structural dynamics,1982,10(1):31-45
[20]Bhatti M H. Vertical and lateral dynamic response of railway bridges due to nonlinear vehicle and track irregularities[D]. Chicago:illinois institute of technology, 1982
[21]Diana G, et al. A numerical method to define the dynamic behavior of a train running on a deformable structure [J]. MECCANICA, 1988,Special Issue:27-42
[22]Diana G, et al. Dynamic interaction between railway vehicles and track[R]. Report dip. Di. Meccanica politecnico di milano,1986
[23]Diana G, Cheli F. Dynamic interaction of railway systems with large bridge[J]. vehicle system dynamics,1989,18(1-3):71-106
[24]Diana G, et al. Wind effects on the dynamic behavior of suspension bridge[R]. International report, milano,1986
[25]Otsson M. Finite element model co-ordinate analysis of structures subjected to moving toads. [J]Sound and Vibration.1985,99(1)
[26]Olsson M. On the foundational moving load problems J. Sound and Vibration.1991,145(2):299-307
[27]Green M.F., Cebon D. Dynamic response of highway bridges to heavy vehicles loads:and experimental validation. J. Sound and Vibration.1994, 170(1):51-78
[28]Green M.F., Cebon D., Cole D.J. Effects of vehicle design on dynamics of highway bridges. J. Structural Engrg., ASCE.1995,121(2):272-282
[29]Fryba, L. (2001) Assessment of railway bridges for high speed trains. Engineering Structures, Vol.23:p.548-556.
[30]Song, M.K., Noh H.C. and Choi C.K. (2003) A new three-dimension finite element analysis model of high-speed train-bridge interaction. Engineering Structures, Vol.25, pp.1611-1626.
[31]程庆国、许慰平.大跨度铁路斜拉桥走行性探讨,全国桥梁结构学术会议论文集,上海：同济大学出版社,1992
[32]程庆国、潘家英.大跨度铁路斜拉桥竖向刚度分析,全国桥梁结构学术 会议论文集,上海：同济大学出版社,1992
[33]夏禾.列车提速情况下铁路双线简支钢桁梁动力响应分析,铁道学报,1996 18(5)pp.75-82
[34]夏禾,张楠.车辆与结构动力相互作用,北京：科学出版社,2002
[35]李小珍、强士中。高速列车-大跨度钢斜拉桥空间耦合振动响应研究,桥梁建设,1998,4,pp.65-68
[36]李小珍、王应良、强士中.大跨度连续拱桁组合钢桥空间振动分析,振动与冲击,1999.18(4)
[37]翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学.北京：科学出版社,2007
[38]翟婉明,蔡成标.高速列车—轨道—桥梁动态相互作用原理及模型.土木工程学报,2005,38(11),132-137
[39]曹雪琴.钢桁梁桥横向振动,北京：中国铁道出版社,1991
[40]曹雪琴、陈晓.轮轨蛇行引起桥梁横向振动随机分析,铁道学报,1986.8(1)pp.89-97
[41]曾庆元、扬平(1986)形成矩阵的“对号入座”法则与桁梁空间分析的桁段有限元法,铁道学院,Vol.8(2)
[42]Zeng Q.Y., Lou P., and Xiang J. (2000) The principle of total potential energy with stationary value in elastic system dynamics and its vibration analysis. Proceedings of lCETS 2000, Beijing, China.
[43]郭文华、郭向荣、曾庆元(1999)京沪高速铁路南京长江大桥斜拉桥方案车桥系统振动分析,土木工程学报, Vol.20(3),pp.23-27
[44]郭文华、曾庆元(2003)多跨简支曲线轨道折线梁桥空间振动分析模型,工程力学, Vol.20(2)pp.1-6
[45]Morris N.F. (1976) Analysis of cable-stiffened space structures. Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol.102(3), pp.501-513
[46]Wilson J.F. and Barbas S.T. (1980) Response of continuous elasticity supported beam guideways to transit loads. Journal of Dynamic System, Measurement, and Control, Vol.102, pp.247-254
[47]毛清华(1989)公路桥梁的车辆振动研究, 博士学位论文,同济大学,上海
[48]Zaman M., Taheri M.R. and Khanna A. (1996) Dynamic response of cable-stayed bridges to moving vehicles using the structural impedance method. Applied Mathematical Modelling, Vol.20(12), pp.877-889
[49]Wang T.L. and Huang D.Z. (1992). Cable-stayed bridge vibration due to road surface roughness. Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, Vol.118(5), pp. 1354-1364
[50]Huang D.Z. and Wang T.L. (1992) Impact analysis of cable-stayed bridges. Computers & Structures, Vol.43(5), pp.897-908
[51]Khalifa M.A. (1993) Parametric study of cable-stayed bridge response due to traffic-induced vibration. Computers & Structures, Vol.47(2), pp.321-339
[52]Paultre P., Proulx J. and Begin T. (2000) Dynamic investigation of a hybrid suspension and cable-stayed bridge. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol.29, pp.731-739
[53]Guo W.H.and Xu Y.L. (2001) Fully computerized approach to study cable stayed bridge vehicle interaction, Journal of Sound & Vibration, Vol.248 (4), pp. 745-761
[54]Kim, C.W., Kawatani M. and Kim K.B., (2005) Three-dimension dynamic analysis for bridge-vehicle interaction with roadway roughness. Computers and Structures, Vol.83, pp.1627-1645
[55]杨建荣.车—桥耦合作用下公路桥梁局部振动研究[D].上海：同济大学,2007
[56]胡晓燕.大跨度公路桥梁车桥耦合振动响应研究[D].武汉：武汉理工大学,2009.
[57]ORE C149专业委员会.高速列车通过隧道产生的问题.黄弈锦译,空气动力学和噪声,1996年：91-128
[58]W.Khier, M.Breuer, F.Durst, Flow structure around trains under side wind Conditions:a numerical study, Computers & Fluids 29(2000):179～195.
[59]何华,田红旗,熊小慧等.横风作用下敞车的气动性能研究.中国铁道科学,2006,27(3)：73-77
[60]Minoru Suzuki, Katsuji Tanemoto, Tatsuo Maeda, Aerodynamic characteristics of train/vehicles under cross winds, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 91(2003)209～218
[61]李人宪.列车三维紊态外流场的数值模拟研究：[博士学位论文].成都：西南交通大学,1998
[62]Baker,J.Jones, F.Lopez-Calleja, Measurements of the cross wind forces on trains, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,2004, 92(7-8):547～563
[63]N.D.Humphreys, C.J. Baker. Forces on Vehicles in Cross Winds from Moving Model Tests.Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,41～ 44(1992):2673～2684
[64]马启文XNJD-1工业风洞高速列车试验技术.第四届全国风工程及工业空气动力学学术会议论文集.1994,401-406
[65]张健.高速列车动车头形风洞试验研究.流体力学实验与测量,199711(2)：85-89
[66]张健,陈南翼.横风对电动车组中各车辆气动特性影响的试验研究.机车电传动,1998,(2)：4-11
[67]陈南翼,张健.高速列车空气阻力试验研究.铁道学报,1998,(20)5：40-46
[68]田红旗,高广军.270km/h高速列车气动力性能研究.中国铁道科学,2003,24(2)：14-18
[69]田红旗,梁习锋.“中华之星”高速列车综合空气动力性能研究.机车电传动,2003,(5)：40-45
[70]梁习锋,田红旗,邹建军.动力车纵向气动力风洞试验及数值模拟.国防科技大学学报,2003,6
[71]易仕和,邹建军等.利用均匀抽吸地板进行高速列车模型地板边界层影响的试验研究.流体力学实验与测量,1997.6,2
[72]武青海.列车空气动力学数值仿真研究：[博士学位论文].北京：铁道部科学研究院,2002
[73]张斌,梁习锋.准高速列车表面压力分布测量实车试验研究.铁道车辆,2000.10,10
[74]T.W.Chiu. Prediction of the aerodynamic loads on a railway train in a cross-wind at large yaw angles using an integrated two- and three-dimensional source-vortex panel method. Journal of wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics,1995,57(1):19～39
[75]A.Orellano, M.Schober, On side-wind stability of high speed trains, Vehicle System Dynamics Supplement 40(2003),143～160
[76]Anderssonl E, Haggstrom J, Sima M, Assessment of train- overtuning risk due to strong cross-winds, J. Rail and Rapid Transit, Proe. Instn Meeh. Engrs, 2004(218)Part, F:213～223
[77]B Diedrichs, M Sima, A Orellano, H Tengstrand, Crosswind stability of a high speed train on a high enbankment, Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit,2007,221 (2),205～225
[78]A.Carrini. Reliability based analysis of the crosswind stability of railway vehicles. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 95(2007)493～509
[79]梁习锋,熊小慧,易仕和.强侧风作用下棚车气动外形优化,国防科技大学学报,2006,28(2)：26-30
[80]梁习锋,熊小慧.4种车型横向气动性能分析与比较.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2006,37(3)：607-612
[81]梁习锋,沈娴雅.环境风与列车交会耦合作用下磁浮列车横向气动性能.中南大学学报(自然科学版),2007,38(4)：751-757
[82]李人宪,刘应清.高速列车紊态外流场的数值模拟研究.应用力学学报,2001,3
[83]李人宪.列车三维紊态外流场的数值模拟研究：[博士学位论文].成都：西南交通大学,1998
[84]李人宪,翟婉明.磁悬浮列车横风稳定性的数值分析.交通运输工程学报,2001,1(1)：99-101
[85]张小刚.高速列车湍流三维绕流数值模拟研究：[博士学位论文].西安：西安交通大学,1995
[86]陈康,罗簧.横风对液力传动动车直线运行性能的影响.铁道车辆,2003.6.6
[87]Pritchard J.R. (1985) Wind effects on high sided vehicles. Journal of the Institution of Highways and Transportation, pp.22-25
[88]Baker C.J. (1994) The quantification of accident risk for road vehicles in cross winds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, Vol.52, pp. 93-107
[89]Baker C.J. (1998) The effects of high winds on vehicle behaviour. Bridge Aerodynamics, Balkema, Rotterdam, pp.267-282
[90]Gawthorpe R.G. (1994) Wind effects on ground transportation. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamic, Vol.52, pp.73-92
[91]Coleman S.A. and Baker C.J. (1994) An experimental study of the aerodynamic behaviour of high sided lorries in cross winds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamic, Vol.53, pp.401-429
[92]Andrew Chadwick, Kevin Garry, JeffHowell, Transient Aerodynamic Characteristics of Simple Vehiele Shapes by the Measurement of Surfaee Pressures, SAE 2001
[93]Verzicco R., et al, (2002) Large eddy simulation of a road-vehicle with drag reduction devices, AIAA Journal, Vol.40 (12) pp.2447-2455
[94]傅立敏.汽车空气动力学.北京：机械工业出版社,1998.
[95]杜子学,陈振明.移动地面条件下的微型车外流场数值模拟研究.华东交通大学学报,2008,1(25)：16-19
[96]周伟,谷正气.超车情况下外流场计算仿真分析与研究.汽车工程,2005,3(27)：344-346
[97]葛玉梅,李永乐,何向东.作用在车一桥系统上风荷载的风洞试验研究.西南交通大学学报,2001,(6)：
[98]祝志文,陈伟芳,陈政清.横风中双层客车车辆的风载荷研究.国防科技大学学报,2001,23(5)：117-121.
[99]祝志文.陈政清.YZ22型车辆与铁路T型简支梁桥的风载荷研究.湖南大学学报,2001,2
[100]祝志文,陈政清.单、双层客车车辆在铁路桥梁上的横向气动力特性.中南工业大学学报,2001.8,4
[101]Yu X. and Gong Q. (2006) Numerical Calculation of the Wind load on bridge-train system under the strong wind, in Progress in safety science and technology. Changsha, China:Science Press USA Inc
[102]刘志燕.侧风下高速列车-简支箱梁系统气动性能的数值研究[D].长沙：中南大学,2010
[103]李磊.侧风下典型车辆气动力系数及桥塔和主梁干扰效应研究[D].上海：同济大学,2009.
[104]Diana.G, Che li F. Dynamic interaction of railway systems with large bridges. Vehiele System Dynamies.1989,18(1):71-106
[105]Marco Bocciolone, Federico Cheli, Roberto Corradi. Crosswind action on rail vehicles:Wind tunnelexperimental analyses[J]. Journal of Wind Engineering
and Industrial Aerodynamics 96 (2008) 584-610
[106]郭向荣,曾庆元.京沪高速铁路南京长江斜拉桥方案行车临界风速分析[J].铁道学报.2001,23(5)：75—80.
[107]葛玉梅.斜拉桥在考虑风效应时的车—桥祸合振动[D].成都：西南交通大学.2001.3
[108]葛玉梅,周述华,李龙安.斜拉桥在考虑风效应时的车—桥祸合振动[J].西南交通大学学报.2001,36(4)：369-373.
[109]葛玉梅,李永乐,何向东.作用在车—桥系统上风荷载的风洞试验研究[J]. 西南交通大学学报.2001,36(6)：612-616.
[110]李永乐.风—车—桥系统非线性空间祸合振动研究[D].成都：西南交通大学.2003
[111]黄林.列车风与自然风联合作用下的车—桥祸合振动分析[D].成都：西南交通大学.2008.
[112]夏禾,徐幼麟,阎全胜.大跨度悬索桥在风与列车荷载同时作用下的动力响应分析.铁道学报.2002,24(4)：83-91
[113]郭薇薇、夏禾、徐幼麟.风荷载作用下大跨度悬索桥的动力响应及列车运行安全分析[J].工程力学.2006,Vol.23(2)：103-110
[114]王小松.车—桥—风相互作用的理论分析[D]上海：同济大学,2007
[115]王小松,葛耀君.风荷载对车桥系统中轮轨相互作用力的影响研究[C].辽宁大连：第十三届全国结构风工程会议论文集.2007,814-821
[116]WEN-HUA Guo. Dynamic analysis of coupled road vehiele and longspan cable-stayed bridge Systems underer osswinds [D].DePartment of Civil and Struetrual Engineering of the HongKong Ploytechnic University,2003
[117]Xu Y L Guo W H. Dynamic analysis of coupled road vehicle and cable-stayed bridge systems under turbulenlt wind[J].Eng.StrUet.2003,25:73-86
[118]Y.L.Xu. W.H.Guo. Effeets of bridge motion and crosswind on ride comfort of road vehieles, Journal of Sound Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamies,2004, Vol.92,641-662
[119]韩万水.风—汽车—桥梁系统空间祸合振动研究田[D].同济大学博士论文,2006
[120]韩万水,陈艾荣.风—汽车—桥梁系统空间祸合振动研究[J].土木工程学报,2007,40(9)：53-58
[121]韩万水,陈艾荣.风环境下行驶于大跨度斜拉桥上的车辆驾驶舒适性评价[J].中国公路学报,2008,2
[122]周立.大跨度桥梁风振和车辆振动响应及其疲劳性能研究[D].同济大学博士学位论文,2008
[123]Cai C S, Chen S R. Frame work of vehiele-bridge-wind dynamic analysis[J]. Journal of wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamies,2004,92:579-607
[124]Suren Chen. Dynamics Performance of Bridges and vehieles under strong wind [D].LouisianaStat University and Agriculture and Mechanical College,May,2005
[125]马麟.考虑驾驶员行为的风-汽车-桥梁系统空间耦合振动研究[D].西安：长安大学,2008.
[126]Baker, C. J. A simplified analysis of various types of wind induced road vehicle accidents. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics. Vol.22, pp.69-85.1986
[127]Coleman, S.A. and Baker, C.J. High-sided road vehicles in cross winds. Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics. Vol.36, pp.1383-1392. 1990.
[128]曾峰.侧风下车桥气动力系数数值模拟及行车安全研究[D].长沙：中南大学,2010
[129]王开文.车轮接触点迹线及轮轨接触几何参数的计算.西南交通大学学报,1984,(1)：89-99
[130]王福天.车辆系统动力学[M].北京：中国铁道出版社,1994.
[131]Kalker J J. On the rolling contact of two elastic bodies in the presence of dry friction. PhD. Dissertation, Delft University of technology, Delf, Netherlands, 1967
[132]蔡成标.高速铁路列车-线路-桥梁耦合振动理论及应用研究[D].成都：西南交通大学,1999
[133]晋智斌.车-线-桥耦合系统及车-桥随机振动[D].成都：西南交通大学,2007
[134]李小珍,强士中.列车-桥梁耦合振动研究的现状与发展趋势[J].铁道学报,2002,24(5)：112-120
[135]曹雪琴.列车通过时桥梁结构竖向振动分析[J].上海铁道学院学报,1981,2(3)：1-15.
[136]曾庆元,等.桁梁行车空间振动计算的桁段有限元法.桥梁建设,1985,(4)：1-16.
[137]Clough R.W.,Penzien J. Dynamics of Structures (2nd). New York: McGraw-Hill Inc,1996.
[138]李国豪.桥梁振动与稳定(修订版).北京：中国铁道出版社,2003.
[139]Bathe K.J. Finite Element Procedures (2nd). New Jersey:Prentice Hall, 1996.
[140]Li Mingshui, He Dexin. Numerical simulation of natural wind field空气动力学学报.1999,17(1)：44-51
[141]邹小江.斜拉桥风振响应时域分析及静风稳定性研究[D].广州：华南理工大学,2003
[142]Rice S.O. Mathematic analysis of random noise. Selected papers on noise and stochastic processes N. WAX, ed. Dover publish Inc., New York, N.Y., 1954,133～294
[143]M. Shinozuka, G. Deodatis. Simulation of stochastic processes by spectral representation. Appl. Mech. Rev.1991,44(4):191-203.
[144]Shinozuka M. Monte Carlo solution of structural dynamics. Comput. Struct.1972,2(5,6):855-874
[145]Shinozuka M, Jan C. M.Digital simulation of random processes and itsapplications. J. Sound and Vibration.1972,25(1):111-128
[146]Priestley M. B. Power spectral analysis of non-stationary random processes. J. Sound and Vibration.1967,6(1):86-97
[147]G Deodatis, M. Shinozuka. Simulation of seismic ground motion using stochastic waves. J. Engng. Mech.1989,115(12):2723-2737
[148]M. Shinozuka,G Deodatis. Simulation of multidimensional Gaussian stochastic fields by spectral representation. Appl. Mech. Rev.1996,49(l):29-53
[149]G Deodatis. Simulation of ergodic multivariate stochastic process. J. Eng. Mech.ASCE.1996,122(8):778-787
[150]Yang J. N. Simulation of random envelope processes. Journal of Sound and Vibration.1972,25(1):73-85
[151]Yang J. N. On the normality and accuracy of simulated random processes Journal of Sound and Vibration.1973,26(3):417-428
[152]Shinozuka M. Digital simulation of random processes in engineering mechanics with the aid of FFT technique. Stochastic Problems in Mechanics. University of Waterloo Press. Waterloo.1974:277-286
[153]G Deodatis, M. Shinozuka. Simulation of seismic ground motion using stochastic waves. J. Engng. Mech.1989,115(12):2723-2737
[154]W W Yang,T Y P Chang,C C Chang.An efficient winfield simulation technique for bridges [J] Journal of Win and Industrial Aerodynamics,1997,67 & 68: 697-708.
[155]曹映泓,项海帆,周颖.大跨度桥梁随机风场的模拟[J].土木工程学报,1998,31(3)：72-78.
[156]王之宏.风荷载的模拟研究[J].建筑结构学报,1994,15(1)：44-52.
[157]韩大建,邹小江,苏成.大跨度桥梁考虑桥塔风效应的随机风场的模拟[J].工程力学,2003,20(6)：18-22.
[158]陈政清.桥梁风工程[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2005
[159]Simiu E., Scanlan R.H. Wind effects on structures,2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. New York, N. Y.1986
[160]Davenport A. G. The application of statistical concepts to the wind loading of structures. Proc. Inst. Civ. Engrs.1961,19:449-472
[161]Scanlan, R.H. The action of flexible bridge under wind, II:buffeting theory[J]. Sound and vibration,1978,60(2):201-211
[162]R.H. Scanlan. Problematic in formulation of wind-force model for bridge decks. [J] struct. Engrg. ASCE,1993,119(7) 1433～1446
[163]Jain A, Jones N P, Scanlan R. H. Coupled flutter and buffeting analysis of long-span bridges. J. Struct. Engrg, ASCE,1996,122(7),716～725
[164]Sears W R. Some aspects of non-stationary airfoil theory and its practical application. Journal of Aeronautical Science,1941,8(3)
[165]Liepmann H.W. on the application of statistical concepts to the buffcting problem. Joumal of Aeronautical Science.1952,19(12):793-800
[166]项海帆,葛耀君等.现代桥梁抗风理论与实践[M].北京：人民交通出版社,2005.11
[167]Scanlan, R.H.. The action of flexible bridge under wind, I:flutter theory. J. sound and vibration,1978,60(2):187～199
[168]Sacker, P P, Jones, N. P, Scanlan, R. H.. Identification of aeroelastic parameters of flexible bridges. J. Eng. Mech.,1994,120(8),1718～1742
[169]Jones N. P, Jain A., Scanlan R. H. Multi-mode aerodynamic analysis of long-span bridges. Proceeding of Structure Congress, ASCE. Atlanta, Georgia 1994,4
[170]Bucher C G, Lin Y K. Stochastic stability of bridges considering coupled modes [J]. Eng. Mech., ASCE,114(12),1988:2055-2071
[171]Yang W W Finite element modeling and aerodynamic responses of cable supported bridges. Ph.D. thesis, The Hong Kong University of Science and technology, March,1996
[172]谭学民.大跨度斜拉桥风致振动时域分析—香港汀九大桥工程应用[D].广州：华南理工大学,1999
[173]Garg V K, Dukkipati R V. Dynamics of railway vehicle systems. Academic press, Canada,1984
[174]长沙铁道学院随机振动研究室.关于机车车辆/轨道系统随机激励函数的研究[J].长沙铁道学院学报.1985,(2)：1-36
[175]铁道部科学研究院铁道建筑研究所.我国干线轨道不平顺功率谱的研 究.北京：铁道部科学研究院,1999
[176]王澜.轨道结构随机振动理论及其在轨道结构减振中的应用[D].北京：铁道科学研究院,1988
[177]徐志胜,翟婉明,王开云.基于Timoshenko梁模型的车辆-轨道耦合振动分析[J].西南交通大学学报.2003,38(1).
[178]Baker C J. Measures to control vehicle movement at exposed sites during windy periods. J. Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerodyn.1987, Vol,25,151-161
[179]International Organization for Standardization. Guide for the evalution of human exposure to whole-body vibration. 2nd edition, International Standard 2631,1978.
[180]吴肖俊.高墩大跨连续刚构桥主梁三分力系数数值模拟研究[D].长沙：中南大学,2010
[181]敖文刚,,晏致涛,王承启.中承式桁架拱桥节段模型风洞试验研究[J].重庆工商大学学报.2007,24(5).