建筑热水管网系统优化设计研究
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摘要
建筑热水管网系统是建筑给排水工程的重要组成部分。本文运用系统工程的原理和方法,研究建筑热水管网系统优化设计问题,即在满足系统所需的热水压力、流量和温度的条件下,寻求费用最低的建筑热水管网系统设计方案,这一研究对降低工程投资和运行费用具有重要意义。主要研究内容如下:
1、以管道投资最小为目标函数,分别建立了无循环建筑热水管网系统优化设计的线性规划模型和非线性规划模型,分别采用单纯形法和遗传算法对两类模型求解。
2、针对循环热水管网系统优化设计数学模型中优化变量的特点,提出了其模型求解的混合遗传算法,在个体编码时,标准管径采用整数编码,流量和扬程采用实数编码。
3、分析了干管循环热水管网系统的水力、热力和经济联系,分别建立定时供水干管循环热水管网系统和全日制干管循环热水管网系统优化设计数学模型,并采用混合遗传算法求解。
4、根据立管循环热水管网系统的特点,运用管网平差理论分配环路管段的循环流量,同时调整管径和总循环流量,根据管段温降和循环流量之间的关系,提出了一种新的计算节点温度的方法;在此基础上,以系统年费用最小为目标函数,建立优化设计数学模型,采用混合遗传算法求解。
根据上述优化设计数学模型,编制了相应的计算程序。
The hot water pipe network is the major constituent of the water and waste-water treatment engineering. Research on optimal design of hot water pipe network was conducted with the principles and methods of systematic engineering .That is to seek one design scheme of the pipe network with the least expenditure while the system meets the demands on the pressure of hot water .discharge and temperature. This study is significant for reducing the investment and operating cost of the network projects. Main research results are shown as follows:1. Linear programming model and non-linear programming model of the optimal design on acylic hot water pipe network was established taking the least pipe network investment as objective function. Simplex method and Genetic Algorithm method were adopted to solve the models respectively.2. Aimed at the characteristics of the optimal aviates in the design mathematic model of the annulating hot water pipe network, combined Genetic Algorithm method was provided for the solution of the models. While numbering the individual parameters, integer was adopted to stand for standard diameter of the pipe, real number was adopted to stand for discharge and total head.3. The relation between water power, heat and economy was analyzed .
And the mathematic models of the optimal design of the timely-supply and all-day pipe of annulating hot water pipe network were established, combined Genetic Algorithm method was adopted to solve the models.4. According to the characteristic of the vertical pipe of the recycle hot water pipe network , hydraulic calculating theory of the network was introduced to distribute the circulating discharge in the annular pipe portion, and diameter of the pipe and general circulating discharge were adjusted . Based on the relation between the variation of the pipe and circulating discharge ,a new method to calculate the node temperature was introduced ;Taking the least investment of the pipe network as objective function, optimal design mathematic model solved by combined Genetic Algorithm method was established .According to the said optimal design mathematic model corresponding calculating program was compiled.
1、以管道投资最小为目标函数,分别建立了无循环建筑热水管网系统优化设计的线性规划模型和非线性规划模型,分别采用单纯形法和遗传算法对两类模型求解。
2、针对循环热水管网系统优化设计数学模型中优化变量的特点,提出了其模型求解的混合遗传算法,在个体编码时,标准管径采用整数编码,流量和扬程采用实数编码。
3、分析了干管循环热水管网系统的水力、热力和经济联系,分别建立定时供水干管循环热水管网系统和全日制干管循环热水管网系统优化设计数学模型,并采用混合遗传算法求解。
4、根据立管循环热水管网系统的特点,运用管网平差理论分配环路管段的循环流量,同时调整管径和总循环流量,根据管段温降和循环流量之间的关系,提出了一种新的计算节点温度的方法;在此基础上,以系统年费用最小为目标函数,建立优化设计数学模型,采用混合遗传算法求解。
根据上述优化设计数学模型,编制了相应的计算程序。
The hot water pipe network is the major constituent of the water and waste-water treatment engineering. Research on optimal design of hot water pipe network was conducted with the principles and methods of systematic engineering .That is to seek one design scheme of the pipe network with the least expenditure while the system meets the demands on the pressure of hot water .discharge and temperature. This study is significant for reducing the investment and operating cost of the network projects. Main research results are shown as follows:1. Linear programming model and non-linear programming model of the optimal design on acylic hot water pipe network was established taking the least pipe network investment as objective function. Simplex method and Genetic Algorithm method were adopted to solve the models respectively.2. Aimed at the characteristics of the optimal aviates in the design mathematic model of the annulating hot water pipe network, combined Genetic Algorithm method was provided for the solution of the models. While numbering the individual parameters, integer was adopted to stand for standard diameter of the pipe, real number was adopted to stand for discharge and total head.3. The relation between water power, heat and economy was analyzed .
And the mathematic models of the optimal design of the timely-supply and all-day pipe of annulating hot water pipe network were established, combined Genetic Algorithm method was adopted to solve the models.4. According to the characteristic of the vertical pipe of the recycle hot water pipe network , hydraulic calculating theory of the network was introduced to distribute the circulating discharge in the annular pipe portion, and diameter of the pipe and general circulating discharge were adjusted . Based on the relation between the variation of the pipe and circulating discharge ,a new method to calculate the node temperature was introduced ;Taking the least investment of the pipe network as objective function, optimal design mathematic model solved by combined Genetic Algorithm method was established .According to the said optimal design mathematic model corresponding calculating program was compiled.
引文
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[12] 李世武,苏莫明.热水管网布置的优化设计方法,煤气与电力,23(5).2003:271-275.
[13] P. I. Zuev and S. A. Tubert. A Metrological Analysis of the Equations for Measuring Heat Energy and Heat-Carrier Loss in Hot-Water Supply Svstems, SpringerLink, 2002, 6: 450-454.
[14] 黄文胜.汤广发等.改进高层建筑集中热水供应系统的设计.中国给水排水,20(4),2004:85-86.
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[16] 侯积钟.热水供应简易计算方法,给水排水,24(6),1998:40-44.
[17] 于国清,热水供应系统第二循环管网的水力计算方法.中国给水排水,2003:19(4),63-65.
[18] 王彤,吴志荣.建筑热水循环管网计算方法的探讨.中国给水排水,20(5),2004:61-63.
[19] 王彤,杨玉思等.建筑热水全循环管网热损失计算方法的探讨.西安建筑科技大学学报,35(4),2003:350-353.
[20] 延克军.建筑热水供应中循环流量水力计算分析.低温建筑技术,2002.4
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[22] 延克军,李卫平等.建筑热水循环系统水力计算方法探析.中国给水排水,20(3),2002:83-84。
[23] S. N. Kanev and A. P. Glukhoy Drawing up Water and Heat Accounts for Heat Supply Systems, SpringerLink, 2001(2): 661-666.
[24] 姜文源.《建筑给水排水常用设计规范详解手册》.中国建筑工业出版社,1996:258-259.
[25] 岳秀萍.建筑热水供应系统中循环水泵的节能运行.节能,1995.11:33-35.
[26] 侯积钟.全日制机械循环热水系统供水问题讨论.中国给水排水,1996.5:51-54
[27] 岳秀萍、曹京哲.建筑热水循环管网计算问题讨论.给水排水,22(1),1996:56-59.
[28] 王有明.热水供应回水管径的确定,安徽建筑.2001.3:98-99.
[29] 邵金良.浅析高层建筑热水供应系统的故障根源.中国给水排水,2002.9.
[30] 段润斌.热水供应系统中管段流量与终点水温关系的研究及其意义.北京建筑工程学院学报,17(10),2001:79-80.
[31] 陈长洲,全日制热水供应闭式机械循环系统.化工给排水设计,1995,1:20-24.
[32] 何俊雅.对热水循环系统工况参数的求解.给水排水,1995.5:28-30.
[33] 徐得潜,沈致和.热水管网管段水温计算问题探讨.合肥工业大学学报,12,1996:60-65.
[34] 冯翠敏.集中热水系统中无效冷水的实测分析与节水改造.给水排水,28(1),2002,73-76.
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