宛坪高速公路桥梁病害机理及防治关键技术研究
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摘要
随着我国高速公路建设的飞速发展,大跨径桥梁越来越多,但是由于设计、施工、超载及气候等原因,桥面铺装层普遍出现了严重的早期病害。桥面铺装的早期破损现象日趋普遍,这不仅妨碍了正常交通,影响桥面美观和桥梁的服务品质,更易造成交通事故,造成了巨大经济损失,桥面铺装破坏已成为高速公路桥梁的主要病害之一。
虽然国内外在桥梁铺装领域开展了不少研究工作,已有许多处理方法和研究成果,但还有许多关键问题或难点没有得到很好地解决。本论文就是基于这样的背景,在河南省交通厅科技攻关项目(05-02)的资助下,通过理论分析得到桥面铺装结构力学特性的影响因素,后通过有限元数值分析,研究了铺装体系不同铺装组合在轮载作用下的应力响应,进而进行改性沥青混合料配合比设计和性能试验,得出具有良好的抗车辙性能、抗水损害性能和抗疲劳性能的沥青混合料；随后,通过直接剪切试验和拉伸试验比较了四种防水粘结材料的粘结强度特性,并研究了材料的抵抗冻融循环破坏特性。最后通过有限元理论分析,对简支梁“单板受力”病害的机理进行了研究,并提出了相关的防治措施。本文的成果投入宛坪高速公路的生产应用,使工程施工时间大幅度减短,工程质量明显提高,成本降低,取得显著的经济效益和社会效益。
本论文在如下几方而进行了理论、数值与试验研究,并取得了一些研究成果：
(1)通过理论分析,得到混凝土桥面铺装结构力学特性的影响因素,随后通过数值分析,研究了铺装体系不同铺装组合在轮载作用下的应力响应,得出了铺装层各项应力和铺装上下层厚度与弹性模量的关系,其结果对重阳水库大桥有重要价值,同时也为混凝土桥面铺装结构的设计和施工提供了理论依据。
(2)进行了桥面铺装改性沥青混合料配合比设计和性能试验,经过级配的优选,得出了桥面铺装的上面层和下面层的最优级配,经过级配优选后的沥青混合料具有良好的抗车辙性能、抗水损害性能和抗疲劳性能,并且具有较高的动稳定度和冻融劈裂强度。
(3)模拟了桥面铺装结构中防水粘结层的实际受力情况,首先通过直接剪切试验研究了不同粘结剂用量、温度、剪切速率和冻融循环对粘结层剪切强度的影响,随后通过拉拔试验研究了不同温度下四种防水粘结材料的粘结强度特性,并研究了材料的抵抗冻融循环破坏特性。
(4)在简单介绍了简支梁“单板受力”病害的基本特征的基础上,分析了病害出现的原因。通后过有限元初步分析,得出了简支梁桥的横向荷载分布规律,随后通过实体数值分析,对不同加固方案进行比较,明确了简支梁“单板受力”病害的机理,并得出了最合适的防治“单板受力”病害的技术措施,供有关设计方、施工单位和管理部门参考,希望能有效地防治“单板受力”病害。
With the rapid development of highway construction in our country, there are more and more large-span bridges, but more and more early diseases of the pavements appeared in many bridges due to design, construction, overload and climate. The phenomenon of bridge pavement early diseases becomes more and more popular. It not only hinders the normal traffic and affects the beauty and service quality, but also caused many traffic accidents and tremendous economic losses. The failure of bridge deck pavement has become one of the main diseases of highway bridges.
Though many research works are carried out home and abroad, and there are many process methods and research findings about bridge deck pavement, many key problems or difficulties have not been solved. Based on the research background and sponsored by Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province (No:05-02), this dissertation aims to obtain the effect factors of structural mechanical for bridge deck pavement through theoretical analysis. Then through finite element numerical analysis, the stress response of different pavement combination under wheel load are investigated, then mix design and performance test of modified asphalt compound are carried on, the asphalt compound with better anti-wheel-rutting performance, better resistance to moisture and better fatigue performance are acquired. Then, the adhesive strength properties of the four types of the water proof adhesive materials are compared through direct shear tests and tensile tests and the anti-freeze-thaw breakage characteristics are studied. In the end, the mechanisms of single slab bearing disease for simply supported beam bridges are inquired into through finite element theoretical analysis and some protection methods are brought forward. The results of the paper are adopted in the construction application of Wan-ping Highway, the construction period are shortened substantially, the construction quality are improved apparently, the cost are reduced and conspicuous economic and societal benefits are gained.
In this dissertation, following aspects are studied theoretically, numerically and experimentally, and some results are achieved:
(1) The effect factors of structural mechanical for bridge deck pavement are abtained through theoretical analysis, then the stress response of different pavement combination under wheel load are investigated, the relationship between the stresses of deck pavement and thickness of top and bottom part deck and modulus of elasticity, research results are very important to Chongyang Reservoir bridge, it also provides theory evidence for the design and construction of concrete bridge pavement.
(2) The mix design and performance test of modified asphalt compound of bridge deck pavement are carried out, and after the graduation preference, the optimal graduation of top and bottom layers for bridge deck pavement are obtained, the asphalt compound with better anti-wheel-rutting performance, better resistance to moisture and better fatigue performance are acquired.
(3) The actual stress conditions of the water proof adhesive layer of bridge deck pavement are modeled, the influence of different adhesion Consumption, temperature, shear speed and freeze-thaw circulation on shear strength of adhesive layer are studied firstly. Then the adhesive strength properties of the four types of the water proof adhesive materials are compared through tensile tests. In the end the anti-freeze-thaw breakage characteristics are studied.
(4) Based on the introduction of essential features of single slab bearing disease, the reasons are analyzed. Through finite element preliminary analysis, the lateral distribution of load is analyzed. Then through the numerical solid analysis, the analysis and comparison of different reinforcement schemes are carried through, the theoretical basis for disease control of single slab bearing are indicated. In the end, some precautionary measures are made for reference to department of design, construction and administration so that single slab bearing disease of simply supported girder bridge can be controlled radically.
虽然国内外在桥梁铺装领域开展了不少研究工作,已有许多处理方法和研究成果,但还有许多关键问题或难点没有得到很好地解决。本论文就是基于这样的背景,在河南省交通厅科技攻关项目(05-02)的资助下,通过理论分析得到桥面铺装结构力学特性的影响因素,后通过有限元数值分析,研究了铺装体系不同铺装组合在轮载作用下的应力响应,进而进行改性沥青混合料配合比设计和性能试验,得出具有良好的抗车辙性能、抗水损害性能和抗疲劳性能的沥青混合料；随后,通过直接剪切试验和拉伸试验比较了四种防水粘结材料的粘结强度特性,并研究了材料的抵抗冻融循环破坏特性。最后通过有限元理论分析,对简支梁“单板受力”病害的机理进行了研究,并提出了相关的防治措施。本文的成果投入宛坪高速公路的生产应用,使工程施工时间大幅度减短,工程质量明显提高,成本降低,取得显著的经济效益和社会效益。
本论文在如下几方而进行了理论、数值与试验研究,并取得了一些研究成果：
(1)通过理论分析,得到混凝土桥面铺装结构力学特性的影响因素,随后通过数值分析,研究了铺装体系不同铺装组合在轮载作用下的应力响应,得出了铺装层各项应力和铺装上下层厚度与弹性模量的关系,其结果对重阳水库大桥有重要价值,同时也为混凝土桥面铺装结构的设计和施工提供了理论依据。
(2)进行了桥面铺装改性沥青混合料配合比设计和性能试验,经过级配的优选,得出了桥面铺装的上面层和下面层的最优级配,经过级配优选后的沥青混合料具有良好的抗车辙性能、抗水损害性能和抗疲劳性能,并且具有较高的动稳定度和冻融劈裂强度。
(3)模拟了桥面铺装结构中防水粘结层的实际受力情况,首先通过直接剪切试验研究了不同粘结剂用量、温度、剪切速率和冻融循环对粘结层剪切强度的影响,随后通过拉拔试验研究了不同温度下四种防水粘结材料的粘结强度特性,并研究了材料的抵抗冻融循环破坏特性。
(4)在简单介绍了简支梁“单板受力”病害的基本特征的基础上,分析了病害出现的原因。通后过有限元初步分析,得出了简支梁桥的横向荷载分布规律,随后通过实体数值分析,对不同加固方案进行比较,明确了简支梁“单板受力”病害的机理,并得出了最合适的防治“单板受力”病害的技术措施,供有关设计方、施工单位和管理部门参考,希望能有效地防治“单板受力”病害。
With the rapid development of highway construction in our country, there are more and more large-span bridges, but more and more early diseases of the pavements appeared in many bridges due to design, construction, overload and climate. The phenomenon of bridge pavement early diseases becomes more and more popular. It not only hinders the normal traffic and affects the beauty and service quality, but also caused many traffic accidents and tremendous economic losses. The failure of bridge deck pavement has become one of the main diseases of highway bridges.
Though many research works are carried out home and abroad, and there are many process methods and research findings about bridge deck pavement, many key problems or difficulties have not been solved. Based on the research background and sponsored by Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province (No:05-02), this dissertation aims to obtain the effect factors of structural mechanical for bridge deck pavement through theoretical analysis. Then through finite element numerical analysis, the stress response of different pavement combination under wheel load are investigated, then mix design and performance test of modified asphalt compound are carried on, the asphalt compound with better anti-wheel-rutting performance, better resistance to moisture and better fatigue performance are acquired. Then, the adhesive strength properties of the four types of the water proof adhesive materials are compared through direct shear tests and tensile tests and the anti-freeze-thaw breakage characteristics are studied. In the end, the mechanisms of single slab bearing disease for simply supported beam bridges are inquired into through finite element theoretical analysis and some protection methods are brought forward. The results of the paper are adopted in the construction application of Wan-ping Highway, the construction period are shortened substantially, the construction quality are improved apparently, the cost are reduced and conspicuous economic and societal benefits are gained.
In this dissertation, following aspects are studied theoretically, numerically and experimentally, and some results are achieved:
(1) The effect factors of structural mechanical for bridge deck pavement are abtained through theoretical analysis, then the stress response of different pavement combination under wheel load are investigated, the relationship between the stresses of deck pavement and thickness of top and bottom part deck and modulus of elasticity, research results are very important to Chongyang Reservoir bridge, it also provides theory evidence for the design and construction of concrete bridge pavement.
(2) The mix design and performance test of modified asphalt compound of bridge deck pavement are carried out, and after the graduation preference, the optimal graduation of top and bottom layers for bridge deck pavement are obtained, the asphalt compound with better anti-wheel-rutting performance, better resistance to moisture and better fatigue performance are acquired.
(3) The actual stress conditions of the water proof adhesive layer of bridge deck pavement are modeled, the influence of different adhesion Consumption, temperature, shear speed and freeze-thaw circulation on shear strength of adhesive layer are studied firstly. Then the adhesive strength properties of the four types of the water proof adhesive materials are compared through tensile tests. In the end the anti-freeze-thaw breakage characteristics are studied.
(4) Based on the introduction of essential features of single slab bearing disease, the reasons are analyzed. Through finite element preliminary analysis, the lateral distribution of load is analyzed. Then through the numerical solid analysis, the analysis and comparison of different reinforcement schemes are carried through, the theoretical basis for disease control of single slab bearing are indicated. In the end, some precautionary measures are made for reference to department of design, construction and administration so that single slab bearing disease of simply supported girder bridge can be controlled radically.
引文
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