层布式混杂纤维混凝土干缩、抗冻性能试验研究及分析
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摘要
自1997年以来，多次试验研究证明，层布式钢纤维混凝土和层布式混杂纤维混凝土在抗弯拉、延性、阻裂及韧性等多方面都具有优良的性能，与钢纤维混凝土路面相比，真正实现了“好钢用在刀刃上”。同时，层布式钢纤维与合成纤维的“正混杂效应”又为层布式混杂纤维混凝土路面开创了广阔的发展应用前景。
本文在课题组前期研究的基础上，对层布式混杂纤维混凝土其中最重要的路用性能—干缩性能和抗冻性能进行了试验研究。通过24个试件的标准试验研究，对普通混凝土、层布式钢纤维混凝土、层布式混杂纤维混凝土以及掺有粉煤灰和磨细矿渣的层布式混杂纤维混凝土四组试件的干缩率、失水率和动弹性模量进行了分析。据干缩试验结果，层布式混杂纤维混凝土各个龄期的干缩率均明显低于普通混凝土，并在龄期180天时，层布式混杂纤维混凝土的干缩率低于普通混凝土达0．021％，相对降低了26．9％，而层布式钢纤维混凝土的干缩率与普通混凝土相差很小。据冻融试验结果，冻融初期层布式混杂纤维混凝土与普通混凝土的相对动弹性模量几乎有着相同的下降趋势，而在冻融损伤发展阶段层布式混杂纤维混凝土相对动弹性模量降低趋势较缓。显然，层布式混杂纤维混凝土干缩和抗冻性能优于普通混凝土和层布式钢纤维混凝土。同时，本文对层布式混杂纤维混凝土干缩机理及抗冻机理也进行了详尽的分析。最后，基于最小二乘原理和混凝土损伤变量的定义，本文建立了层布式混杂纤维混凝土在冻融疲劳作用下的损伤模型，依据冻融试验数据精确地回归得出其损伤演变方程。得出如下结论：层布式混杂纤维混凝土和普通混凝土的初劣点值相同，且在劣化初始阶段具有相同的损伤演变方程；在劣化扩展阶段，层布式混杂纤维混凝土和普通混凝土具有不同的损伤演变方程。层布式混杂纤维混凝土抗冻耐久性明显优于普通混凝土，其主要原因是钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维在混凝土劣化扩展阶段有效地抑制了混凝土内部裂缝的发展，降低了混凝土损伤变量D。
Our researchers have accomplished lots of test since 1997, it is indicated that Layered Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (LSFRC) and Layered Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete (LHFRC) have excellent properties of flexural strength, fatigue resistance, crack resistance and durability. Compared with steel fiber concrete pavement, LHFRC has realized "using resources where they are needed mostly ". At the same time, the layered steel fiber and synthetic fiber combined in the LHFRC have realized "positive intermixing effect", which will open new vision for the LHFRC pavement.
On the basis of the test in the previous stage, this paper presents experimental investigation on the dry-shrinkage and freeze-thaw resistance which are two of most important properties of the LHFRC pavement. By the standard test methods for 24 test specimens, the dry-shrinkage and freeze-thaw durability have been analyzed on ordinary concrete (OC), LSFRC, LHFRC and LHFRC with grinding slag and fly ash. The dry-shrinkage test indicates that at the age of 180 days, the dry-shrinkage ratio of LHFRC is 0.021% smaller than those of OC and LSFRC, namely relatively 26.9%, and the dry-shrinkage ratio of LHFRC with grinding slag and fly ash decreases 40.2%. However, there is minute difference between the dry-shrinkage ratio of the LSFRC and the OC. The freeze-thaw durability test indicates that relative dynamic modulus of elasticity of LHFRC and OC have nearly identical falling trend in the initial freeze-thaw phase, while the falling trend of LHFRC is slower than that of OC in the freeze-thaw damage propagation phase. Obviously, dry-shrinkage and resistance freeze-thaw properties of LHFRC are better than those of OC and LSFRC. At the same time, the mechanism of the dry-shrinkage and resistance freeze-thaw of the LHFRC has been investigated. In the end, a damage model has been formulated for the freeze-thaw resistance degradation of LHFRC. The damage model is based on the least squares theory and a damage variable D . Degradation equations for the LHFRC and OC have been regressed with the experimental data. They are identical in the initial phase, but different in the damage propagation phase. Furthermore, Steel fibers and polypropylene fibers are major factors that greatly increase the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete. The freeze-thaw resistance of LHFRC is better than that of the OC because steel fibers and polypropylene fibers have depressed deterioration of concrete.
本文在课题组前期研究的基础上，对层布式混杂纤维混凝土其中最重要的路用性能—干缩性能和抗冻性能进行了试验研究。通过24个试件的标准试验研究，对普通混凝土、层布式钢纤维混凝土、层布式混杂纤维混凝土以及掺有粉煤灰和磨细矿渣的层布式混杂纤维混凝土四组试件的干缩率、失水率和动弹性模量进行了分析。据干缩试验结果，层布式混杂纤维混凝土各个龄期的干缩率均明显低于普通混凝土，并在龄期180天时，层布式混杂纤维混凝土的干缩率低于普通混凝土达0．021％，相对降低了26．9％，而层布式钢纤维混凝土的干缩率与普通混凝土相差很小。据冻融试验结果，冻融初期层布式混杂纤维混凝土与普通混凝土的相对动弹性模量几乎有着相同的下降趋势，而在冻融损伤发展阶段层布式混杂纤维混凝土相对动弹性模量降低趋势较缓。显然，层布式混杂纤维混凝土干缩和抗冻性能优于普通混凝土和层布式钢纤维混凝土。同时，本文对层布式混杂纤维混凝土干缩机理及抗冻机理也进行了详尽的分析。最后，基于最小二乘原理和混凝土损伤变量的定义，本文建立了层布式混杂纤维混凝土在冻融疲劳作用下的损伤模型，依据冻融试验数据精确地回归得出其损伤演变方程。得出如下结论：层布式混杂纤维混凝土和普通混凝土的初劣点值相同，且在劣化初始阶段具有相同的损伤演变方程；在劣化扩展阶段，层布式混杂纤维混凝土和普通混凝土具有不同的损伤演变方程。层布式混杂纤维混凝土抗冻耐久性明显优于普通混凝土，其主要原因是钢纤维和聚丙烯纤维在混凝土劣化扩展阶段有效地抑制了混凝土内部裂缝的发展，降低了混凝土损伤变量D。
Our researchers have accomplished lots of test since 1997, it is indicated that Layered Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (LSFRC) and Layered Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete (LHFRC) have excellent properties of flexural strength, fatigue resistance, crack resistance and durability. Compared with steel fiber concrete pavement, LHFRC has realized "using resources where they are needed mostly ". At the same time, the layered steel fiber and synthetic fiber combined in the LHFRC have realized "positive intermixing effect", which will open new vision for the LHFRC pavement.
On the basis of the test in the previous stage, this paper presents experimental investigation on the dry-shrinkage and freeze-thaw resistance which are two of most important properties of the LHFRC pavement. By the standard test methods for 24 test specimens, the dry-shrinkage and freeze-thaw durability have been analyzed on ordinary concrete (OC), LSFRC, LHFRC and LHFRC with grinding slag and fly ash. The dry-shrinkage test indicates that at the age of 180 days, the dry-shrinkage ratio of LHFRC is 0.021% smaller than those of OC and LSFRC, namely relatively 26.9%, and the dry-shrinkage ratio of LHFRC with grinding slag and fly ash decreases 40.2%. However, there is minute difference between the dry-shrinkage ratio of the LSFRC and the OC. The freeze-thaw durability test indicates that relative dynamic modulus of elasticity of LHFRC and OC have nearly identical falling trend in the initial freeze-thaw phase, while the falling trend of LHFRC is slower than that of OC in the freeze-thaw damage propagation phase. Obviously, dry-shrinkage and resistance freeze-thaw properties of LHFRC are better than those of OC and LSFRC. At the same time, the mechanism of the dry-shrinkage and resistance freeze-thaw of the LHFRC has been investigated. In the end, a damage model has been formulated for the freeze-thaw resistance degradation of LHFRC. The damage model is based on the least squares theory and a damage variable D . Degradation equations for the LHFRC and OC have been regressed with the experimental data. They are identical in the initial phase, but different in the damage propagation phase. Furthermore, Steel fibers and polypropylene fibers are major factors that greatly increase the freeze-thaw resistance of concrete. The freeze-thaw resistance of LHFRC is better than that of the OC because steel fibers and polypropylene fibers have depressed deterioration of concrete.
引文
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