多功能水泥稳定碎石基层材料外加剂研发
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摘要
骨架密实结构的水泥稳定碎石粗集料过多造成的离析会使水泥稳定碎石基层压实不足,造成路面早期病害严重。本文从掺加外加剂的角度,研究掺加外加剂(高效减水剂和粉煤灰)能否改善水泥稳定碎石基层的易密性。需要注意的是,在本文中,粉煤灰是作为外加剂使用的,而不是作为水泥的替代物。首先确定了水泥稳定碎石外加剂的掺加顺序,即为使外加剂的效果达到最好的发挥,应采用后掺法。针对不同外加剂掺量的水泥稳定碎石进行了振动击实试验,确定了单掺减水剂或粉煤灰、双掺减水剂和粉煤灰,最大干密度最大时,减水剂和粉煤灰的掺量。在已有的评价材料易密性方法的基础上提出了一种新的评价骨架密实型水泥稳定碎石易密性的指标—振动成型时间,并通过大量试验得出,当单掺CT高效减水剂时,掺量为1.0%时,振动成型时间最短；当单掺粉煤灰时,掺量为30%振动成型时间最短；当同时掺加CT高效减水剂和粉煤灰时,减水剂掺量为1.0%,粉煤灰掺量为20%时,振动成型时间最短。振动成型时间越短,说明材料越容易密实。针对几种最能改善水泥稳定碎石易密性的外加剂掺量,进行水泥稳定碎石路用性能试验,试验结果表明,最能改善骨架密实型水泥稳定碎石易密性的几种外加剂掺量,也可以起到改善水泥稳定碎石路用性能的效果,具体表现为单掺减水剂或者粉煤灰、双掺减水剂和粉煤灰,使得骨架密实型水泥稳定碎石的强度、刚度、疲劳寿命大幅度提高,干缩系数、温缩系数明显减少。同时,试验结果还表明,双掺减水剂和粉煤灰,二者的效果得到叠加,改善骨架密实型水泥稳定碎石易密性和路用性能的效果更好。因此,在骨架密实结构的水泥稳定碎石的施工过程中,使用掺加外加剂来改善其易密性的方法可以推广使用。
Plenty of coarse aggregates consisting in cement stabilized macadam which belongs to framework dense structure leads to segregation phenomenon. Cement stabilized macadam base can not being compacted enough is result from this phenomenon, and then serious pavement distresses occur. In this text, the possibility of additives(fly ash and water reducing admixture) improving the compactability of cement stabilized macadam base is researched. Using way of fly ash need to be pay more attention to.Fly ash is used as additives,and is not used as alternatives. In this text,firstly, the adding order of alternatives is researched, and in order to achive the best effect, latter admixing method is used in this text. According to cement stabilized macadam which contains different admixture amounts, vibration hit-soliding experiments are done.As maximum dry density reaches the maximum, mixing amount of additives(fly ash and water reducing admixture) which can be uni added or double added is determined. Based on methods of assessing the compactability of materials,a new method is suggested, vibration formation time.In this text, according to a lot of experiments, main conclusions are achived:when water reducing agent dosage is 1.0%, vibration formation time is shorest; when fly ash dosage is 30%, vibration formation time is shorest; when fly ash dosage is 20% and water reducing agent dosage is 1.0%, vibration formation time is shorest. More shorter of vibration formation time,the more easy to be compacted. According to mixing amount of additives which have best effects in improving the compactability of cement stabilized macadam base belonging to framework dense structure, pavement performances are measured, and the results showed that the pavement performances of cement stabilized maca belongs dam to framework dense structure are also improved.The concrete manifestations are:when fly ash or water reducing admixture is added,or fly ash and water reducing admixture are added at the same time, strength、fatigue life and rigidity are improved,and shrinkage coefficient and temperature contraction coefficient decrease; When fly ash and water reducing admixture are added simultaneously, their effects in improving the compactability and pavement performance are more significantly. In the construction process of cement stabilized macadam which belongs to framework dense structure, adding additives to improve compactability can be extended.
Plenty of coarse aggregates consisting in cement stabilized macadam which belongs to framework dense structure leads to segregation phenomenon. Cement stabilized macadam base can not being compacted enough is result from this phenomenon, and then serious pavement distresses occur. In this text, the possibility of additives(fly ash and water reducing admixture) improving the compactability of cement stabilized macadam base is researched. Using way of fly ash need to be pay more attention to.Fly ash is used as additives,and is not used as alternatives. In this text,firstly, the adding order of alternatives is researched, and in order to achive the best effect, latter admixing method is used in this text. According to cement stabilized macadam which contains different admixture amounts, vibration hit-soliding experiments are done.As maximum dry density reaches the maximum, mixing amount of additives(fly ash and water reducing admixture) which can be uni added or double added is determined. Based on methods of assessing the compactability of materials,a new method is suggested, vibration formation time.In this text, according to a lot of experiments, main conclusions are achived:when water reducing agent dosage is 1.0%, vibration formation time is shorest; when fly ash dosage is 30%, vibration formation time is shorest; when fly ash dosage is 20% and water reducing agent dosage is 1.0%, vibration formation time is shorest. More shorter of vibration formation time,the more easy to be compacted. According to mixing amount of additives which have best effects in improving the compactability of cement stabilized macadam base belonging to framework dense structure, pavement performances are measured, and the results showed that the pavement performances of cement stabilized maca belongs dam to framework dense structure are also improved.The concrete manifestations are:when fly ash or water reducing admixture is added,or fly ash and water reducing admixture are added at the same time, strength、fatigue life and rigidity are improved,and shrinkage coefficient and temperature contraction coefficient decrease; When fly ash and water reducing admixture are added simultaneously, their effects in improving the compactability and pavement performance are more significantly. In the construction process of cement stabilized macadam which belongs to framework dense structure, adding additives to improve compactability can be extended.
引文
[1]张爽,黄建国.水泥稳定碎石在高速公路基层中的应用[J].林业科技情报,2007,39(1)：78
[2]周新锋.水泥稳定碎石混合料配合比设计及路用性能研究[D].长安大学,2007
[3]靳明,刘静.骨架密实型水泥脆欠碎石基层研究.中国公路学会2004年学术年会论文集[C]：153
[4]刘金杰.骨架密实型水泥碎石基层研究[D].2007年：P39
[5]谢兆星,成英才,樊建房.水泥稳定碎石混合料离析的原因及措施.华东公路,2005年,153(3)：21
[6]邵靖邦.国外煤灰利用现状及发展趋势,中国矿业大学北京研究生部,中国煤炭,1996(8)：62-63
[7]高英力,导师,周士琼.超细粉煤灰高性能公路路面水泥混凝土早期收缩变形及抗裂性能研究.2001
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[9](1)杨锡武,梁富权.水泥(石灰)粉煤灰混合料的最佳配合比研究.公路,1995(9)
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[11]萧赓.水泥粉煤灰级配碎石基层混合料微观机理研究.重庆交通学院学报,2002(2)
[12]西德尼.明德斯,J.弗朗西斯.杨.混凝土.化学工业出版社：95
[13]田娜.不同类型高效减水剂的性能研究[D].长安大学
[14]Omar S.Baghabra Al-Amoudi. Exect of superplasticizer on plastic shrinkage of plain and silica fume cement concretes. Mohammed Maslehuddina Construction and Building Materials 20(2006):642-647
[15]钱晓倩,詹树林,方明晖.减水剂对混凝土收缩和裂缝的负影响.铁道科学与工程学报,2004(2)
[16]马保国,王信刚,李相国.减水剂对砂浆早期开裂行为的影响.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2006(8)
[17]黄煜镔,吕伟民,徐建达. 减水剂对水泥稳定碎石物理力学性能的影响.建筑材料学报,2005(3)
[18]温兴水.减水剂对水泥稳定碎石性能的影响.浙江交通职业技术学院学报,2006(4)：7
[19]范永法,李隶晓.粉煤灰和缓凝高效减水剂的双掺技术.生产与应用技术：33
[20]张雄,吴科如.矿物外加剂作用机理及其关键技术
[21]Johann Plank and Christian Hirsch. Impact of zeta potential of early cement hydration phases on superplasticizer adsorption . Cement and Concrete Research,2007 (37):537-542,
[22]钱觉时.粉煤灰特性与粉煤灰混凝土.科学出版社,2002(5)：5
[23]L.E.Barta. A statistical investigation on particle to particle variation of fly ash using SEM-AIA-EDAX technique. Materials Research Sosiety Symposia Proceedings,1990, V178:67-82
[24]张大康.水泥与减水剂相容性控制方法.水泥,2008(3)
[25]瞿金东,彭家惠,陈明凤.减水剂在水泥颗粒表面的吸附特性研究进展.建筑材料学报,2005(4)
[26]冯浩,朱清江.《混凝土外加剂工程应用手册》.第2版
[27]Elli. Makrides-Saravanos,Saskatoon,Saskatchewan. Engineering Properties Of High Performance Concrete Containting Large Volume Of Class C Fly Ash[D]. Department of civil engineering university of Saskatchewan, Canada: 1995:49
[28]肖常青.半刚性基层材料易压实性研究.公路与汽运,2005(107)
[29]左彦峰.超塑化剂作用机理初探.中国建筑材料科学研究院,中国矿业大学.
[2]周新锋.水泥稳定碎石混合料配合比设计及路用性能研究[D].长安大学,2007
[3]靳明,刘静.骨架密实型水泥脆欠碎石基层研究.中国公路学会2004年学术年会论文集[C]：153
[4]刘金杰.骨架密实型水泥碎石基层研究[D].2007年：P39
[5]谢兆星,成英才,樊建房.水泥稳定碎石混合料离析的原因及措施.华东公路,2005年,153(3)：21
[6]邵靖邦.国外煤灰利用现状及发展趋势,中国矿业大学北京研究生部,中国煤炭,1996(8)：62-63
[7]高英力,导师,周士琼.超细粉煤灰高性能公路路面水泥混凝土早期收缩变形及抗裂性能研究.2001
[8]邵靖邦.国外煤灰利用现状及发展趋势,中国矿业大学北京研究生部,中国煤炭,1996(8)：62-63
[9](1)杨锡武,梁富权.水泥(石灰)粉煤灰混合料的最佳配合比研究.公路,1995(9)
[10]张嘎吱.水泥粉煤灰稳定碎石基层配合比设计和路用性能研究[D].长安大学,2004年
[11]萧赓.水泥粉煤灰级配碎石基层混合料微观机理研究.重庆交通学院学报,2002(2)
[12]西德尼.明德斯,J.弗朗西斯.杨.混凝土.化学工业出版社：95
[13]田娜.不同类型高效减水剂的性能研究[D].长安大学
[14]Omar S.Baghabra Al-Amoudi. Exect of superplasticizer on plastic shrinkage of plain and silica fume cement concretes. Mohammed Maslehuddina Construction and Building Materials 20(2006):642-647
[15]钱晓倩,詹树林,方明晖.减水剂对混凝土收缩和裂缝的负影响.铁道科学与工程学报,2004(2)
[16]马保国,王信刚,李相国.减水剂对砂浆早期开裂行为的影响.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2006(8)
[17]黄煜镔,吕伟民,徐建达. 减水剂对水泥稳定碎石物理力学性能的影响.建筑材料学报,2005(3)
[18]温兴水.减水剂对水泥稳定碎石性能的影响.浙江交通职业技术学院学报,2006(4)：7
[19]范永法,李隶晓.粉煤灰和缓凝高效减水剂的双掺技术.生产与应用技术：33
[20]张雄,吴科如.矿物外加剂作用机理及其关键技术
[21]Johann Plank and Christian Hirsch. Impact of zeta potential of early cement hydration phases on superplasticizer adsorption . Cement and Concrete Research,2007 (37):537-542,
[22]钱觉时.粉煤灰特性与粉煤灰混凝土.科学出版社,2002(5)：5
[23]L.E.Barta. A statistical investigation on particle to particle variation of fly ash using SEM-AIA-EDAX technique. Materials Research Sosiety Symposia Proceedings,1990, V178:67-82
[24]张大康.水泥与减水剂相容性控制方法.水泥,2008(3)
[25]瞿金东,彭家惠,陈明凤.减水剂在水泥颗粒表面的吸附特性研究进展.建筑材料学报,2005(4)
[26]冯浩,朱清江.《混凝土外加剂工程应用手册》.第2版
[27]Elli. Makrides-Saravanos,Saskatoon,Saskatchewan. Engineering Properties Of High Performance Concrete Containting Large Volume Of Class C Fly Ash[D]. Department of civil engineering university of Saskatchewan, Canada: 1995:49
[28]肖常青.半刚性基层材料易压实性研究.公路与汽运,2005(107)
[29]左彦峰.超塑化剂作用机理初探.中国建筑材料科学研究院,中国矿业大学.