茉莉酸甲酯及其衍生物的合成和生物活性研究
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摘要
天然产物茉莉酸甲酯是植物体内普遍存在的一种物质,具有提高植物体对病虫草等自然灾害的抵抗能力,增强植物免疫力的作用,是一类新型的植物抗病诱导物质。另一方面,它还具有诱导小麦、水稻花颖开放,促进扬花授粉的作用,因此茉莉酸甲酯及类似物生物活性研究成为国内外研究的热点。
     本论文在分析国内外研究现状的基础上,结合本单位“十五”攻关项目“小麦化学杂交剂应用研究”,确定了一条合成路线短、原料易得、收率高、操作简单的合成路线,并对该路线进行优化,成功地合成了茉莉酸甲酯。
     为了进一步研究结构与活性的关系,寻找更好的活性化合物,本论文又设计合成了两个系列十六个新的类似化合物,结构通式如下:
     R=CH_3—,CH_2=CH—CH_2—,PhCH_2—
     R_1=CH_3—,CH_2=CH—CH_2—,
     R_2=CH_3—,CH_2=CH—CH_2—,PhCH_2—,(o—Cl)PhCO—
     合成的16个新化合物的结构均通过核磁共振、红外光谱、元素分析确证。
     对所有合成的新化合物进行了抗病诱导活性、植物生长调节活性、杀菌活性的测定,结果表明:化合物M3、M4、M6对烟草花叶病毒具有较好的抗病诱导活性,比茉莉酸甲酯的活性高,但是比商品化产品BTH活性略差。M5、M11、M12、M13对黄瓜子叶生根有较强的促进作用。所有的化合物的杀菌活性均较差。茉莉酸甲酯具有明显的诱导小麦花颖开放的作用。
Methyl jasmonate (MJ) is ubiquitous plant growth regulators and it plays important role in plant. Methyl jasmonate in plant can induce disease resistance. At the same time, it can induce the opening of spikelets in wheat and rice. The study on the application become the focus.
    In order to study the function of MJ, An optimized, shortest and high yield synthesized route has been selected. Finally we had succeed in synthesizing methyl jasmonate.
    Two series of novel compounds have been desired as follows:
    16 structurally related compounds have been synthesized and all of them have been confirmed by 1HNMR IR elementary analysis.
    The bioassay of these new compounds indicated that compounds M3, M4, M6 can induce disease resistance to tobacco virus. M5 M11 M12 M13 can promote cucumber's rootage. Methyl jasmonate can induce the opening of spikelets in wheat.
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