考虑锚碇点位移的地连墙码头计算理论研究
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摘要
作为码头三大型式之一的板桩码头,在结构强度、施工速度及工程造价等方面有较大优势。由于理论计算和建设技术的不完善,我国板桩码头多用于中小型码头的建设。为适应港口大型化、深水化的要求,板桩码头的理论计算需要对锚碇点位移及土体反力与位移的关系进一步完善。
锚碇点位移对码头前沿位移和前墙内力均有较为明显的影响。为合理计算锚碇点位移及发生位移后的前墙内力,基于m法使用联合求解法对板桩结构进行计算。联合求解计算中前墙和锚碇墙简化为弹性地基梁单元,拉杆简化为杆单元,构成平面框架问题,整体求解板桩问题。计算表明,联合求解法得到的位移值和内力值均与实测数据吻合较好,能够合理反映出前墙锚碇点位移大小,相比m法得到的前墙负弯矩明显增大;对深水码头而言,拉杆变形量和锚碇位移数值相当,当开挖泥面较深时,拉杆变形量是引起锚碇点位移的主要因素。
当码头发生较大位移后,墙前土体水平反力p与水平位移y的相关关系有待研究。基于ABAQUS有限元对平面板桩问题进行了分析,研究表明板桩两侧土压力满足共同变形理论,位移较小时p-y成线性关系,位移较大时p-y表现出明显的非线性,在此基础上拟合得到适合板桩的p-y曲线。
将上述拟合p-y曲线引入杆系有限元法中,对天津港深水地连墙码头算例进行了计算。结果表明,p-y曲线法相比m法计算出的最大正弯矩和位移量均明显增大,最大负弯矩有所减小。
综上所述,通过理论分析及有限元计算,对大型地连墙码头的计算理论进行了研究,提出了考虑锚碇点位移的计算模式,探讨了出现大位移后的p-y关系曲线,并均将其编制成杆系有限元程序,所得研究成果可为大型深水地连墙码头的计算理论提供参考。
As one of three major types of wharf structure, sheet pile wharf has great advantages in structural strength, the construction speed and project cost. Due to the theoretical calculation and the construction technology is not perfect, our sheet pile wharf are more used for small and medium sized terminals. In order to meet large-scale, deepwater development situation, the theoretical calculation of the displacement of anchored point and the relationship of soil reverse force and displacement should be improved.
The displacement of anchored point has obvious effects on the displacement of quay and the internal force of front wall. In order to calculate the displacement of anchored point and the internal force of front wall, based on the m method, a method called joint method is used for the calculation of sheet pile structure. In the joint method, both the front wall and the anchor wall are assumed as elastic foundation beam, and the anchor rod is divided into truss element.The problem is convert to plane framework, and be solved as a whole.Calculation results indicate that the displacement value and the internal force of front wall can be fitted the observational data well. The displacement of anchored point can be reflected from the results. The negative moment of the front wall significantly increase. The deformation of anchor rod is the main factors causing the displacement of anchored point in the deep water quay. Joint method is more suitable for the calculation of sheet pile structure.
In large displacement conditions, the relationship between soil reaction p and horizontal displacement y need to be studied. The plane strain state of sheet pile wall has been analyzed using ABAQUS software, the results show that the earth pressure on both sides of the wall satisfies common deformation theory, the relationship of the soil reaction and horizontal displacement are line related in small displacement condition, while it is nonlinear related in large displacement condition. On this basis, the p-y curve of sheet pile wall is fitted.
Tianjin deepwater wharf examples are calculated with the truss finite element method, which with consider nonlinear p-y curve. The results indicate that the maximum value of both the positive bending moment and displacements calculated with p-y curve method is bigger than it calculated with m method, but the maximum value of negative bending moment is smaller.
In summary, based on theoretical analysis and finite element calculations, the calculation method in the underground continuous wall is studied, a new calculation mode with consider the displacement of anchored point is proposed, the p-y curve of sheet pile wall is fitted in this paper. The research results could be provided for the theoretical calculation of lager diaphragm wall.
锚碇点位移对码头前沿位移和前墙内力均有较为明显的影响。为合理计算锚碇点位移及发生位移后的前墙内力,基于m法使用联合求解法对板桩结构进行计算。联合求解计算中前墙和锚碇墙简化为弹性地基梁单元,拉杆简化为杆单元,构成平面框架问题,整体求解板桩问题。计算表明,联合求解法得到的位移值和内力值均与实测数据吻合较好,能够合理反映出前墙锚碇点位移大小,相比m法得到的前墙负弯矩明显增大;对深水码头而言,拉杆变形量和锚碇位移数值相当,当开挖泥面较深时,拉杆变形量是引起锚碇点位移的主要因素。
当码头发生较大位移后,墙前土体水平反力p与水平位移y的相关关系有待研究。基于ABAQUS有限元对平面板桩问题进行了分析,研究表明板桩两侧土压力满足共同变形理论,位移较小时p-y成线性关系,位移较大时p-y表现出明显的非线性,在此基础上拟合得到适合板桩的p-y曲线。
将上述拟合p-y曲线引入杆系有限元法中,对天津港深水地连墙码头算例进行了计算。结果表明,p-y曲线法相比m法计算出的最大正弯矩和位移量均明显增大,最大负弯矩有所减小。
综上所述,通过理论分析及有限元计算,对大型地连墙码头的计算理论进行了研究,提出了考虑锚碇点位移的计算模式,探讨了出现大位移后的p-y关系曲线,并均将其编制成杆系有限元程序,所得研究成果可为大型深水地连墙码头的计算理论提供参考。
As one of three major types of wharf structure, sheet pile wharf has great advantages in structural strength, the construction speed and project cost. Due to the theoretical calculation and the construction technology is not perfect, our sheet pile wharf are more used for small and medium sized terminals. In order to meet large-scale, deepwater development situation, the theoretical calculation of the displacement of anchored point and the relationship of soil reverse force and displacement should be improved.
The displacement of anchored point has obvious effects on the displacement of quay and the internal force of front wall. In order to calculate the displacement of anchored point and the internal force of front wall, based on the m method, a method called joint method is used for the calculation of sheet pile structure. In the joint method, both the front wall and the anchor wall are assumed as elastic foundation beam, and the anchor rod is divided into truss element.The problem is convert to plane framework, and be solved as a whole.Calculation results indicate that the displacement value and the internal force of front wall can be fitted the observational data well. The displacement of anchored point can be reflected from the results. The negative moment of the front wall significantly increase. The deformation of anchor rod is the main factors causing the displacement of anchored point in the deep water quay. Joint method is more suitable for the calculation of sheet pile structure.
In large displacement conditions, the relationship between soil reaction p and horizontal displacement y need to be studied. The plane strain state of sheet pile wall has been analyzed using ABAQUS software, the results show that the earth pressure on both sides of the wall satisfies common deformation theory, the relationship of the soil reaction and horizontal displacement are line related in small displacement condition, while it is nonlinear related in large displacement condition. On this basis, the p-y curve of sheet pile wall is fitted.
Tianjin deepwater wharf examples are calculated with the truss finite element method, which with consider nonlinear p-y curve. The results indicate that the maximum value of both the positive bending moment and displacements calculated with p-y curve method is bigger than it calculated with m method, but the maximum value of negative bending moment is smaller.
In summary, based on theoretical analysis and finite element calculations, the calculation method in the underground continuous wall is studied, a new calculation mode with consider the displacement of anchored point is proposed, the p-y curve of sheet pile wall is fitted in this paper. The research results could be provided for the theoretical calculation of lager diaphragm wall.
引文
[1]刘永绣,板桩和地下墙码头的设计理论和方法,北京:人民交通出版社,2006
[2]别社安,李增志,赵久冲,地连墙结构m法计算中的问题与改进,土木工程学报,2003,36(10):19~23
[3]王浩芬,有锚板桩墙计算方法,港工技术,1989,(01):10~19
[4]陆东汉,板桩桩身结构计算问题的探讨,水运工程,2008,(10),99~103
[5]刘建起,锚碗板位移计算和有关参数的确定,土木工程学报,1996,29(1):62~71
[6]刘建起,竖向弹性地基梁法中的锚碇点位移计算,中国港湾建设,2000,(4):27~31
[7]马飞,艾智勇,考虑接触摩擦效应时的弹性地基杆系有限元法,岩土力学,2002,23(1):93~96
[8]李荣庆,贡金鑫,板桩结构计算的拟简支梁法,水利水运工程学报,2007,(2):17~22
[9]王惠初,武冬青,田平,粘土中横向静载桩P-Y曲线的一种新的统一法,河海大学学报,1991,19(1):9~17
[10]章连洋,陈竹昌,计算粘性土p-y曲线的方法,海洋工程,1992,10(4):50~58
[11]胡立万,郝军,陈鹭缨,用P-Y曲线法计算板桩结构,港工技术,2001,(1):24~26
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[13]燕斌,王志强,王君杰,桥梁桩基础计算中p-y曲线法与m法的对比研究,结构工程师,2007,23(4):62~68
[14]赵明华,邬龙刚,刘建华,基于p-y曲线法的承重阻滑桩内力及位移分析,岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(6):1220~1225
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[16]雷国辉,洪鑫,施建勇,壁板桩承载特性的近似三维分析,岩土力学,2004,25(4):590~600
[17]黄齐武,黄茂松,王贵和等,侧向受荷板桩极限承载力的下限有限元分析,岩土工程学报,2007,29(7):987~994
[18]张宏垚,大变位板桩墙结构的数值模拟与结构特性分析:[硕士学位论文],天津;天津大学,2009
[19]孙楠,大型深水板桩码头断面及计算方法研究:[硕士学位论文],天津;天津大学,2009
[20]李超,大型T型截面地连墙码头及其锚碇点位移研究:[硕士学位论文],天津;天津大学,2010
[21]周在中,锚锭点位移对单锚板桩内力影响,港工技术,1989,(01):1~9
[22]刘璠,大变位条件下板桩墙地基反力系数m值的实验研究:[硕士学位论文],天津;天津大学,2003
[23]曾令录,预应力锚拉式桩板挡土墙原型测试分析,路基工程,2000,(6):34~38
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[25]李士林,徐光明,单锚板桩结构码头离心模型试验研究,水利水运工程学报,2008,(1):67~72
[26]徐光明,蔡正银,曾友金等,一种新型板桩码头结构的离心模拟,岩土力学,2010,31(1):48~52
[27]焦志斌,刘永绣,地下连续墙测试中弯矩的计算方法探讨,岩土工程学报,2006,28(增刊):1485~1488
[28]刘国彬,黄院雄,侯学渊,考虑时空效应的等效土体水平抗力系数的取值研究,土木工程学报,2001,34(3):97~102
[29]中华人民共和国交通运输部,JTS167—3—2009,板桩码头设计与施工规范,北京:人民交通出版社,2009-09-01
[30]张政生,板桩码头的有限元解法及计算机处理,水运工程,2004,(7):38~40
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[33]马军鹏,谭海军,毛洪强等,天津临港产业区围海造陆工程地质勘察报告,天津:中交第一航务工程勘察设计院,2002
[34]邱驹,港工建筑物,天津:天津大学出版社,2002
[35]交通部第三航务工程勘察设计院,JTJ254—98,港口工程桩基规范,北京:人民交通出版社,1998
[36]王成华,孙冬梅,横向受荷桩的P-Y曲线研究与应用述评,中国港湾建设,2005,(2):1~4
[37] Hudson Matlock,Correlations for design of laterally loaded piles in soft clay.In:Second Annual Offshore Technology Conference. Texas,1970, 577~594
[38] Lymon C. Reese, William R. Cox, Francis D. Koop, Analysis of Laterally Loaded Piles in Sand,In: Sixth Annual Offshore Technology Conference. Texas,1974, 473~484
[39] Lymon C. Reese, William R. Cox, Francis D. Koop, Field Testing and Analysis of Laterally Loaded Piles in Stiff Clay.In:Seventh Annual Offshore Technology Conference.Texas,1975, 671~690
[40]庄茁,由小川,廖剑晖等,基于ABAQUS的有限元分析和应用,北京:清华大学出版社,2009
[41]费康,张建伟,ABAQUS在岩土工程中的应用,北京:中国水利水电出版社,2010
[42]魏少伟,郑刚,刘畅,滨海新区浅层软土卸荷变形性状试验研究,水文地质工程地质,2010,37(5):77~82
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[2]别社安,李增志,赵久冲,地连墙结构m法计算中的问题与改进,土木工程学报,2003,36(10):19~23
[3]王浩芬,有锚板桩墙计算方法,港工技术,1989,(01):10~19
[4]陆东汉,板桩桩身结构计算问题的探讨,水运工程,2008,(10),99~103
[5]刘建起,锚碗板位移计算和有关参数的确定,土木工程学报,1996,29(1):62~71
[6]刘建起,竖向弹性地基梁法中的锚碇点位移计算,中国港湾建设,2000,(4):27~31
[7]马飞,艾智勇,考虑接触摩擦效应时的弹性地基杆系有限元法,岩土力学,2002,23(1):93~96
[8]李荣庆,贡金鑫,板桩结构计算的拟简支梁法,水利水运工程学报,2007,(2):17~22
[9]王惠初,武冬青,田平,粘土中横向静载桩P-Y曲线的一种新的统一法,河海大学学报,1991,19(1):9~17
[10]章连洋,陈竹昌,计算粘性土p-y曲线的方法,海洋工程,1992,10(4):50~58
[11]胡立万,郝军,陈鹭缨,用P-Y曲线法计算板桩结构,港工技术,2001,(1):24~26
[12]李晓慧,板桩码头板桩墙计算方法研究:[硕士学位论文],大连;大连理工大学,2006
[13]燕斌,王志强,王君杰,桥梁桩基础计算中p-y曲线法与m法的对比研究,结构工程师,2007,23(4):62~68
[14]赵明华,邬龙刚,刘建华,基于p-y曲线法的承重阻滑桩内力及位移分析,岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(6):1220~1225
[15]裴颖洁,地下连续墙的静力分析及m值讨论:[硕士学位论文],天津;天津大学,2003
[16]雷国辉,洪鑫,施建勇,壁板桩承载特性的近似三维分析,岩土力学,2004,25(4):590~600
[17]黄齐武,黄茂松,王贵和等,侧向受荷板桩极限承载力的下限有限元分析,岩土工程学报,2007,29(7):987~994
[18]张宏垚,大变位板桩墙结构的数值模拟与结构特性分析:[硕士学位论文],天津;天津大学,2009
[19]孙楠,大型深水板桩码头断面及计算方法研究:[硕士学位论文],天津;天津大学,2009
[20]李超,大型T型截面地连墙码头及其锚碇点位移研究:[硕士学位论文],天津;天津大学,2010
[21]周在中,锚锭点位移对单锚板桩内力影响,港工技术,1989,(01):1~9
[22]刘璠,大变位条件下板桩墙地基反力系数m值的实验研究:[硕士学位论文],天津;天津大学,2003
[23]曾令录,预应力锚拉式桩板挡土墙原型测试分析,路基工程,2000,(6):34~38
[24]富海鹰,何昌荣,新型预应力锚拉式桩板墙的原型观测分析,岩土工程学报,2005,27(9):1050~1054
[25]李士林,徐光明,单锚板桩结构码头离心模型试验研究,水利水运工程学报,2008,(1):67~72
[26]徐光明,蔡正银,曾友金等,一种新型板桩码头结构的离心模拟,岩土力学,2010,31(1):48~52
[27]焦志斌,刘永绣,地下连续墙测试中弯矩的计算方法探讨,岩土工程学报,2006,28(增刊):1485~1488
[28]刘国彬,黄院雄,侯学渊,考虑时空效应的等效土体水平抗力系数的取值研究,土木工程学报,2001,34(3):97~102
[29]中华人民共和国交通运输部,JTS167—3—2009,板桩码头设计与施工规范,北京:人民交通出版社,2009-09-01
[30]张政生,板桩码头的有限元解法及计算机处理,水运工程,2004,(7):38~40
[31]王勖成,邵敏,有限单元法基本原理和数值方法(第2版),北京:清华大学出版社,1997
[32]周在中,京唐港二港池10#泊位原体观测报告,天津:天津大学建筑工程学院,1999
[33]马军鹏,谭海军,毛洪强等,天津临港产业区围海造陆工程地质勘察报告,天津:中交第一航务工程勘察设计院,2002
[34]邱驹,港工建筑物,天津:天津大学出版社,2002
[35]交通部第三航务工程勘察设计院,JTJ254—98,港口工程桩基规范,北京:人民交通出版社,1998
[36]王成华,孙冬梅,横向受荷桩的P-Y曲线研究与应用述评,中国港湾建设,2005,(2):1~4
[37] Hudson Matlock,Correlations for design of laterally loaded piles in soft clay.In:Second Annual Offshore Technology Conference. Texas,1970, 577~594
[38] Lymon C. Reese, William R. Cox, Francis D. Koop, Analysis of Laterally Loaded Piles in Sand,In: Sixth Annual Offshore Technology Conference. Texas,1974, 473~484
[39] Lymon C. Reese, William R. Cox, Francis D. Koop, Field Testing and Analysis of Laterally Loaded Piles in Stiff Clay.In:Seventh Annual Offshore Technology Conference.Texas,1975, 671~690
[40]庄茁,由小川,廖剑晖等,基于ABAQUS的有限元分析和应用,北京:清华大学出版社,2009
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