蒺藜提取物对运动训练大鼠血液生化指标、激素水平及自由基代谢影响的实验研究
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摘要
大量研究显示，大强度长时间运动会引起机体内分泌系统紊乱，同时运动过程中生成大量的自由基，造成机体抗氧化能力下降，甚至造成组织损伤。蒺藜提取物是一种的天然抗氧化剂，它含有皂甙、生物碱、黄酮及多种氨基酸等有效化学成分，其抗心肌、脑缺血缺氧及强壮的作用已有所研究，其在食品、医药卫生、美容等领域已有研究和应用。本实验目的在于揭示蒺藜提取物对运动大鼠的生长发育、运动能力、某些激素水平及自由基防御体系的影响，为蒺藜提取物在运动医学领域应用提供实验依据。
本实验采用SD雄性大鼠40只，体重170g-220g，随机分为安静对照组8只(C)、训练对照组16只(T)、刺蒺藜提取物训练组16只(TT)，在最后一次训练时，T和TT组分别分成两个亚组：不进行运动组(T1，TT1)和进行力竭运动组(T2，TT2)，每组各8只。T2，TT2组在力竭后即刻取材，其余各组在安静状态下同时取材。测定了心系数、肝、脾和胸腺指数以反映蒺藜提取物对运动大鼠的生长发育的影响，测定了血液中某些反映蛋白质代谢，用放射免疫法测定了某些激素指标以反映蒺藜提取物对大鼠内分泌系统的影响，测定了脂质过氧化产物MDA、抗氧化物酶SOD、CAT、GSH-Px等反映自由基防御体系的指标。
实验结果表明：(1) 蒺藜提取物能明显延长大鼠跑台运动至力竭时间，具有抗疲劳作用。(2) 蒺藜提取物能够有效抑制运动训练造成大鼠Hb含量下降，增强肝、肌糖原含量的增加，提示蒺藜提取物可以提高机体能量储备和有氧运动能力。(3) 蒺藜提取物可以抑制运动训练造成的肝脏指数、脾脏指数和胸腺指数的下降，且对肝脏指数的下降有显著的抑制作用，揭示运动训练造成机体器官一定程度的损伤，蒺藜提取物有一定的保护作用。(4) 蒺藜提取物能显著降低运动训练和力竭运动造成的大鼠血清ALT、LDH活性增加，且可以显著降低力竭运动引起的血清AST活性的升高，提示蒺藜提取物可以减轻运动训练对大鼠肝脏、心肌等组织的损伤。(5) 蒺藜提取物能降低运动训练造成的血BUN、BLa含量的升高，极显
著降低力竭运动造成BLa极度升高，提示疾黎提取物可以降低运动大鼠体内蛋白
质分解代谢速率，降低机体对运动强度的应激程度。(6)羡葬提取物可以使大鼠
血中肌配有所提高，说明羡黎提取物能增加肌肉中肌酸和磷酸肌酸含量，提高肌
肉质量。(7)羡葬提取物可以提高运动训练大鼠血摹酮水平，使血翠酮的下降得
到了缓解，并对其它激素如胰岛素、胰高血糖素、生长激素、皮质醇有一定的调
节作用，揭示羡葬提取物可以某种程度上改善运动训练造成的内分泌紊乱。(8)
羡葬提取物对运动训练大鼠心、肝、肾、脑、肌各组织都表现出一定的抗脂质氧
化和清除自由基的能力，对运动引起的抗氧化物酶的变化有一定的抑制作用，说
明茨葵提取物有一定的抗氧化作用。
结论羡葬提取物具有较强的抗脂质过氧化、清除自由基和调节机体内分泌
系统的作用，它可以改善运动训练对机体产生的某些不良影响，提高大鼠跑台运
动能力。
Many studies show that intensive and long time exercise often leads to unbalance of internal secretion, meanwhile creation of free radicals during exercise results in the decrease of antioxidation, even the injuty of organizations. Tribulus terrestris L is a kind of the efficient and natural antioxidarit. It contains many effective components including saponins, alkaloids, flavones and many kinds of amino acids. Many research carried in fields such as food stuff, medical treatment, and cosmetology etc. and effects of tribulus terrestris L have been approved.The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of tribulusterrestris L on growth of rats, exercise performance, concentrations of some hormones and free-radical-defense system, so that supply experimental evidence for its application in the field of sports .
40 male SD rats were randomly divided into: rest control group (C), training group (T), and abstract of tribulus terrestris L. training group (TT), at the last time of exercise, rats of T and TT were divided into two group, one did not run on treadmiii (T1, TT1) and the other ran on treadmill till exhaustive (T2, TT2). Rats of T2, TT2 were killed at the end of the exercise, the rest groups were killed at the same time in quiet. The coefficient of the heart, the index of the liver, spleen, thymas gland were tested to investigate the effect of tribulus terrestris L. on the growth of the trained rats. The activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and the content of MDA were measured to reflect the status of free-radical-defense system. Some indices in the blood were measured which reflect the metabolism of protein and performance of the aerobic exercise. Some hormone indices were tested by the method of the radio-immunity to reflect the effect of tribulus terrestris L. on the incretion system of the trained rats.
The results showed: 1) Rats who took abstract of tribulus terrestris L. can significantly ran longer time till exhaustive than that did not take, so it has the effect of antifatigue 2) The content of Hb in the trained rats' blood decreased, but the concentrations of glycogen in the trained rats' liver and muscle increased, tribulus terrestris L. restrained the decreased of Hb and augmented the increased glycogen, this impliyed that tribulus terrestris L. can increased the reserves of energy of the body and improve the ability of aerobic exercise.3) Tribulus terrestris L. restrained the decreased of the index of the liver, spleen, thymas gland and has prominently effect on the index of liver, suggested that the training leaded to damnification of the rats' apparatus, tribulus terrestris L has some protective effects. 4) Tribulus terrestris L. could decrease significantly the activity of ALT and LDH in the serum of trained and exhaustive rats' and AST has the same trend in the group of exhaustive rats, all these
suggested that tribulus terrestris L. could reduce the destroy of the tissues and cells such as liver, myocardium, and so on ,which caused by the intensity endurance exercise. 5) Tribulus terrestris L. could decrease the increase of the content of BUN and BLa caused by training, which suggested that tribulus terrestris L. could decrease the rate of catabolism of protein in the trained rats', and improve the state of stress of intensity of exercise.6) Tribulus terrestris L. could add up the content of creatinine in the trained rats' serum which hinted that tribulus terrestris L. might increase the concentration of creatine and creatine phospate in the muscle and improve the quality of the muscle.7) Tribulus terrestris L could elevate the level of testosterone in the trained rats' serum, and adjusted some hormones such as insulin, glucagons,growth hormone, cortisol, suggested that tribulus terrestris L. improve the disordered endocrine made by exercise to some extent. 8) Tribulus terrestris L. presented some a
ntioxidation effect and cleared free radicals produced by exercise in tissue of heart, liver, kidney, brain and muscle and could restrain changes of antioxidation enzymes which caused by exerci
本实验采用SD雄性大鼠40只，体重170g-220g，随机分为安静对照组8只(C)、训练对照组16只(T)、刺蒺藜提取物训练组16只(TT)，在最后一次训练时，T和TT组分别分成两个亚组：不进行运动组(T1，TT1)和进行力竭运动组(T2，TT2)，每组各8只。T2，TT2组在力竭后即刻取材，其余各组在安静状态下同时取材。测定了心系数、肝、脾和胸腺指数以反映蒺藜提取物对运动大鼠的生长发育的影响，测定了血液中某些反映蛋白质代谢，用放射免疫法测定了某些激素指标以反映蒺藜提取物对大鼠内分泌系统的影响，测定了脂质过氧化产物MDA、抗氧化物酶SOD、CAT、GSH-Px等反映自由基防御体系的指标。
实验结果表明：(1) 蒺藜提取物能明显延长大鼠跑台运动至力竭时间，具有抗疲劳作用。(2) 蒺藜提取物能够有效抑制运动训练造成大鼠Hb含量下降，增强肝、肌糖原含量的增加，提示蒺藜提取物可以提高机体能量储备和有氧运动能力。(3) 蒺藜提取物可以抑制运动训练造成的肝脏指数、脾脏指数和胸腺指数的下降，且对肝脏指数的下降有显著的抑制作用，揭示运动训练造成机体器官一定程度的损伤，蒺藜提取物有一定的保护作用。(4) 蒺藜提取物能显著降低运动训练和力竭运动造成的大鼠血清ALT、LDH活性增加，且可以显著降低力竭运动引起的血清AST活性的升高，提示蒺藜提取物可以减轻运动训练对大鼠肝脏、心肌等组织的损伤。(5) 蒺藜提取物能降低运动训练造成的血BUN、BLa含量的升高，极显
著降低力竭运动造成BLa极度升高，提示疾黎提取物可以降低运动大鼠体内蛋白
质分解代谢速率，降低机体对运动强度的应激程度。(6)羡葬提取物可以使大鼠
血中肌配有所提高，说明羡黎提取物能增加肌肉中肌酸和磷酸肌酸含量，提高肌
肉质量。(7)羡葬提取物可以提高运动训练大鼠血摹酮水平，使血翠酮的下降得
到了缓解，并对其它激素如胰岛素、胰高血糖素、生长激素、皮质醇有一定的调
节作用，揭示羡葬提取物可以某种程度上改善运动训练造成的内分泌紊乱。(8)
羡葬提取物对运动训练大鼠心、肝、肾、脑、肌各组织都表现出一定的抗脂质氧
化和清除自由基的能力，对运动引起的抗氧化物酶的变化有一定的抑制作用，说
明茨葵提取物有一定的抗氧化作用。
结论羡葬提取物具有较强的抗脂质过氧化、清除自由基和调节机体内分泌
系统的作用，它可以改善运动训练对机体产生的某些不良影响，提高大鼠跑台运
动能力。
Many studies show that intensive and long time exercise often leads to unbalance of internal secretion, meanwhile creation of free radicals during exercise results in the decrease of antioxidation, even the injuty of organizations. Tribulus terrestris L is a kind of the efficient and natural antioxidarit. It contains many effective components including saponins, alkaloids, flavones and many kinds of amino acids. Many research carried in fields such as food stuff, medical treatment, and cosmetology etc. and effects of tribulus terrestris L have been approved.The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of tribulusterrestris L on growth of rats, exercise performance, concentrations of some hormones and free-radical-defense system, so that supply experimental evidence for its application in the field of sports .
40 male SD rats were randomly divided into: rest control group (C), training group (T), and abstract of tribulus terrestris L. training group (TT), at the last time of exercise, rats of T and TT were divided into two group, one did not run on treadmiii (T1, TT1) and the other ran on treadmill till exhaustive (T2, TT2). Rats of T2, TT2 were killed at the end of the exercise, the rest groups were killed at the same time in quiet. The coefficient of the heart, the index of the liver, spleen, thymas gland were tested to investigate the effect of tribulus terrestris L. on the growth of the trained rats. The activity of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and the content of MDA were measured to reflect the status of free-radical-defense system. Some indices in the blood were measured which reflect the metabolism of protein and performance of the aerobic exercise. Some hormone indices were tested by the method of the radio-immunity to reflect the effect of tribulus terrestris L. on the incretion system of the trained rats.
The results showed: 1) Rats who took abstract of tribulus terrestris L. can significantly ran longer time till exhaustive than that did not take, so it has the effect of antifatigue 2) The content of Hb in the trained rats' blood decreased, but the concentrations of glycogen in the trained rats' liver and muscle increased, tribulus terrestris L. restrained the decreased of Hb and augmented the increased glycogen, this impliyed that tribulus terrestris L. can increased the reserves of energy of the body and improve the ability of aerobic exercise.3) Tribulus terrestris L. restrained the decreased of the index of the liver, spleen, thymas gland and has prominently effect on the index of liver, suggested that the training leaded to damnification of the rats' apparatus, tribulus terrestris L has some protective effects. 4) Tribulus terrestris L. could decrease significantly the activity of ALT and LDH in the serum of trained and exhaustive rats' and AST has the same trend in the group of exhaustive rats, all these
suggested that tribulus terrestris L. could reduce the destroy of the tissues and cells such as liver, myocardium, and so on ,which caused by the intensity endurance exercise. 5) Tribulus terrestris L. could decrease the increase of the content of BUN and BLa caused by training, which suggested that tribulus terrestris L. could decrease the rate of catabolism of protein in the trained rats', and improve the state of stress of intensity of exercise.6) Tribulus terrestris L. could add up the content of creatinine in the trained rats' serum which hinted that tribulus terrestris L. might increase the concentration of creatine and creatine phospate in the muscle and improve the quality of the muscle.7) Tribulus terrestris L could elevate the level of testosterone in the trained rats' serum, and adjusted some hormones such as insulin, glucagons,growth hormone, cortisol, suggested that tribulus terrestris L. improve the disordered endocrine made by exercise to some extent. 8) Tribulus terrestris L. presented some a
ntioxidation effect and cleared free radicals produced by exercise in tissue of heart, liver, kidney, brain and muscle and could restrain changes of antioxidation enzymes which caused by exerci
引文
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