五子棋人机对战系统设计
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摘要
计算机博弈是人工智能领域中主要研究的一个部分,为人工智能研究提供了多种重要的理论和方法,它涉及人工智能算法中的搜索方法、决策规划等。通过对相关文献分析研究,按照人工智能和计算机博弈的一般原理做出优化改进,设计了一个智能五子棋游戏。本文主要在以下三个方面进行研究:
第一,研究了国内外手机游戏的发展状况,调查了五子棋游戏发展现状。并且对手机开发游戏的平台做出选择。
第二,研究了博弈树的搜索技术以及α-β剪枝技术的基本原理及其改进方法,并对算法的效率作了分析。
第三,基于Visual C++6.0平台,根据五子棋系统自身的特点开发出了五子棋人机对战游戏,并对程序进行了功能测试和分析。经过测试,本文开发五子棋游戏能够良好运行,能够满足人机对抗游戏需要。
Compute game-playing is one of important portion to the artificial intelligence and general theory, which includes search method , decision programming and so on. According to study some relative works, a basic models of the Gobang game-playing systems is designed.Three aspects were done in the work:
Firstly,the developing status of mobile phone game and Gobang game have ben studied. And Gobang game development platform is selected for this paper.
Secondly,the earching technology of Game Tree is investigated.Further- more. Furthermore, the research ofα-βprocedure and optimization problem of which based on it are imporved. At same time,we analyse the effect forα-βarithmetic .
Thirdly, using Visual C++6.0 development platform and character of Gobang, A system is developed. Moreover, this game is tested and analysed. Result show that Gobang game can run well and satisfy the need of people playing.
第一,研究了国内外手机游戏的发展状况,调查了五子棋游戏发展现状。并且对手机开发游戏的平台做出选择。
第二,研究了博弈树的搜索技术以及α-β剪枝技术的基本原理及其改进方法,并对算法的效率作了分析。
第三,基于Visual C++6.0平台,根据五子棋系统自身的特点开发出了五子棋人机对战游戏,并对程序进行了功能测试和分析。经过测试,本文开发五子棋游戏能够良好运行,能够满足人机对抗游戏需要。
Compute game-playing is one of important portion to the artificial intelligence and general theory, which includes search method , decision programming and so on. According to study some relative works, a basic models of the Gobang game-playing systems is designed.Three aspects were done in the work:
Firstly,the developing status of mobile phone game and Gobang game have ben studied. And Gobang game development platform is selected for this paper.
Secondly,the earching technology of Game Tree is investigated.Further- more. Furthermore, the research ofα-βprocedure and optimization problem of which based on it are imporved. At same time,we analyse the effect forα-βarithmetic .
Thirdly, using Visual C++6.0 development platform and character of Gobang, A system is developed. Moreover, this game is tested and analysed. Result show that Gobang game can run well and satisfy the need of people playing.
引文
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[9]吴双燕.基于J2ME的手机网络游戏的开发.统计大学2006.5
[10]黎明明.浅谈面向过程与面向对象编程思想—以五子棋小游戏开发为例.科技信息,2007
[11]杜猛.论计算机游戏.科学时代. 1998
[12]徐洪智.基于TC实现五子棋游戏.电脑编程技巧与维护2010.3
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[14]蒋加伏,陈蔼样,唐贤英.基于知识推理的博弈树搜索算法[J].计算机工程与应用,2004 (1)
[15]李果.六子棋计算机博弈及其系统的研究与实现.重庆大学硕士学位论文.2010
[16] Stanley B.Lippman、Josee Lajoie箸,潘爱民、张丽译.C++ Primer .北京:中国电力出版社,2002
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[19]朱福喜,汤怡群,傅建明.人工智能原理.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2002.2
[20]邢传鼎,杨家明,任庆生.人工智能原理与应用.上海:东华大学出版社,2005
[21]王晓东.算法设计与分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2008
[22] R.C.T.Lee S.S.Tseng RC.Chang Y.T.Tsai著.王卫东译.算法设计与分析导论.北京:机械工业出版社,2007.10
[23] Jonathan Baxter, Andrew Tridgell, Lex Weaver. KnightCap: A chess program that learns by combining TD(lambda) with minimax search,Canberra, 1997
[24] Daniel W.Ransmus.Rethinking Smart Objects:Building Artificial Interlligence with Objects. Cambridge University Press,1999
[25] Jonathan Baxter, Andrew Tridgell, Lex Weaver. KnightCap: A chess program that learns by combining TD(lambda) with minimax search,Canberra, 1997
[26] MSDN for Visual Studio 6.0
[27] Approximating the Value Function, Pittsburgh, CMU, 1995
[28] Knuth D. E, and Moore lLW.(1975).An Analysis of Alpha-Bete Pruning.Artificial Intelligence, 'C01.6, No.4, PP.293-326.(15,160)
[29] T. AnthonyMarsland.Al℃viewofgame-treepruning.ICCAJournal,Marchl986,9(1):3-19
[30] Hall M. R. and Loeb D.E.(1992).Thoughts On Programming a Diplomat.Heuristic ProgrammIng in Artificial Intelligence 3:thethird computer olympiad(eds.HJ.Van denHerik end L.V Anis),PP.123-145.Ellis Horwood Ltd,Chichester.(6)
[31] Jonathan Scbaeffer . The history heuristic end alpha·beta search enhancements inpractice.IEEE Transactions Oil Pattern Analysis end Machine Intelligence,November 1989,pami-11(1):1203·1212
[32] The history heuristic and alpha-beta search enhancements in practice[Jonathan Scbaeffer1992]
[33] Herik, H.J.vail den,and Allis,L.V(eds.)(1992).Heuristic Programming In Artificial Intelligence 3:the third enmputer olympiad.Ellis Horwood Ltd..Chichester,Engla
[2]陈柳,周勤,网络环境下的新兴产业:网络游戏[J],经济前沿.2003,(2)
[3]鲍文斌,魏诚,中国互联网年鉴2002——网络游戏[EB/OL],中国互联网络信息中心网站
[4]张维迎.博弈论与信息经济学.上海人民出版社.1996.
[5]谢识予.经济博弈论.复旦大学出版社.2002.
[6]中国网络游戏研究报告[EBflOL],中国互联网实验室,2002-04
[7]陆汝钤.人工智能[M].北京:科学出版社,1995
[8]方昭红.简介五子棋游戏的程序设计.黑龙江科技信息2004.6
[9]吴双燕.基于J2ME的手机网络游戏的开发.统计大学2006.5
[10]黎明明.浅谈面向过程与面向对象编程思想—以五子棋小游戏开发为例.科技信息,2007
[11]杜猛.论计算机游戏.科学时代. 1998
[12]徐洪智.基于TC实现五子棋游戏.电脑编程技巧与维护2010.3
[13]孙鑫,余安萍.VC++深入详解.北京:电子工业出版社,2006.6
[14]蒋加伏,陈蔼样,唐贤英.基于知识推理的博弈树搜索算法[J].计算机工程与应用,2004 (1)
[15]李果.六子棋计算机博弈及其系统的研究与实现.重庆大学硕士学位论文.2010
[16] Stanley B.Lippman、Josee Lajoie箸,潘爱民、张丽译.C++ Primer .北京:中国电力出版社,2002
[17] Mark Allen Weiss .s数据结构与算法分析.北京:人民邮电出版社,2006
[18]雷英杰,郉清华,王涛等.人工智能(AI)程序设计(面向对象语言).北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[19]朱福喜,汤怡群,傅建明.人工智能原理.武汉:武汉大学出版社,2002.2
[20]邢传鼎,杨家明,任庆生.人工智能原理与应用.上海:东华大学出版社,2005
[21]王晓东.算法设计与分析.北京:清华大学出版社,2008
[22] R.C.T.Lee S.S.Tseng RC.Chang Y.T.Tsai著.王卫东译.算法设计与分析导论.北京:机械工业出版社,2007.10
[23] Jonathan Baxter, Andrew Tridgell, Lex Weaver. KnightCap: A chess program that learns by combining TD(lambda) with minimax search,Canberra, 1997
[24] Daniel W.Ransmus.Rethinking Smart Objects:Building Artificial Interlligence with Objects. Cambridge University Press,1999
[25] Jonathan Baxter, Andrew Tridgell, Lex Weaver. KnightCap: A chess program that learns by combining TD(lambda) with minimax search,Canberra, 1997
[26] MSDN for Visual Studio 6.0
[27] Approximating the Value Function, Pittsburgh, CMU, 1995
[28] Knuth D. E, and Moore lLW.(1975).An Analysis of Alpha-Bete Pruning.Artificial Intelligence, 'C01.6, No.4, PP.293-326.(15,160)
[29] T. AnthonyMarsland.Al℃viewofgame-treepruning.ICCAJournal,Marchl986,9(1):3-19
[30] Hall M. R. and Loeb D.E.(1992).Thoughts On Programming a Diplomat.Heuristic ProgrammIng in Artificial Intelligence 3:thethird computer olympiad(eds.HJ.Van denHerik end L.V Anis),PP.123-145.Ellis Horwood Ltd,Chichester.(6)
[31] Jonathan Scbaeffer . The history heuristic end alpha·beta search enhancements inpractice.IEEE Transactions Oil Pattern Analysis end Machine Intelligence,November 1989,pami-11(1):1203·1212
[32] The history heuristic and alpha-beta search enhancements in practice[Jonathan Scbaeffer1992]
[33] Herik, H.J.vail den,and Allis,L.V(eds.)(1992).Heuristic Programming In Artificial Intelligence 3:the third enmputer olympiad.Ellis Horwood Ltd..Chichester,Engla