群洞施工引起地表沉降的研究
|
摘要
本文简要的叙述了工程背景和国内外的研究现状并提出了研究的问题;介绍了目前地铁车站常用的施工方法,以及宣武门车站的施工工艺相关情况;对单孔隧道、双孔隧道以及群洞隧道施工引起的地表沉降规律进行了分析;以宣武门车站为背景,对车站群洞开挖进行了数值模拟研究,并以地表沉降为例与现场实际监测结果进行了对比分析。
目前,浅埋暗挖法的施工工法种类很多,这些施工工法都有各自的优缺点和适用范围。宣武门车站采用的是群洞法施工技术,该方法对城市的交通干扰比较小,施工引起的粉尘、噪音比较小,尤其重要的是,群洞法解决了大断面开挖问题,能够较好的控制地表沉降,因此在地铁修建过程中得到了广泛的运用,并获得了显著的经济和社会效益。
由于群洞的开挖具有非线性的路径相关性,即不同的群洞开挖顺序对周围环境的影响是不一样的,所以,如何找出较为合理的群洞开挖顺序使得尽量减小施工导致的地表沉降和对周围环境的影响是很有必要的,这也是本文的重点所在。本文以北京地铁四号线宣武门车站为工程背景,建立力学和计算模型,采用FLAC程序进行计算模拟,分析群洞开挖时洞与洞之间的相互影响,并通过地表沉降、地层位移等来进行说明。最后对工程实际监测的数据进行了分析,并与数值模拟的结果作对比,从而得出一些结论,对以后的地铁车站群洞设计、施工都具有指导性的意义。
This paper describes the project background and international research current situation briefly, so puts forward the problem to study; introduces construction methods in the subway station at present and coherent situation of Xuanwumen subway station; analyses the character of ground settlement of single-carven tunnel、double-carven tunnel and multi-cavern caused by the construction; simulates the excavation of the multi-cavern at the background of Xuanwumen subway station and compares the numerical simulation result with the on-the-spot monitoring data.
At present, the shallow buried tunneling method includes various construction methods. These construction methods have their respective strongpoint、shortcoming| and the range of applicability. The multi-cavern method has been applied on the construction of the Xuanwumen subway station. This method will cause little traffic disturbance、little bug dust、little noise and control the ground settlement effectively, so it is applied extensively on the construction of subway station and has obtained remarkable economic and social benefit.
Different construction sequence will cause different effect on environment. Because of the non-linearity on procedure of the excavation of the multi-cavern, it is necessary to find out a rational sequence of excavation to weaken effect on the environment, it is that this paper emphasizes. Based on the Xuanwumen station of subway line No 4 of Beijing, this paper establishes mechanics and calculation model, and then simulates and analyses the interaction effect among the excavation of the multi-cavern using FLAC, and explains the interaction effect through the ground settlement and soil displacement. At last, this paper analyses the monitoring data on-the-spot and compares it with the stimulant result, and then obtains a few instructive results to supervise design and construction of the subway station.
目前,浅埋暗挖法的施工工法种类很多,这些施工工法都有各自的优缺点和适用范围。宣武门车站采用的是群洞法施工技术,该方法对城市的交通干扰比较小,施工引起的粉尘、噪音比较小,尤其重要的是,群洞法解决了大断面开挖问题,能够较好的控制地表沉降,因此在地铁修建过程中得到了广泛的运用,并获得了显著的经济和社会效益。
由于群洞的开挖具有非线性的路径相关性,即不同的群洞开挖顺序对周围环境的影响是不一样的,所以,如何找出较为合理的群洞开挖顺序使得尽量减小施工导致的地表沉降和对周围环境的影响是很有必要的,这也是本文的重点所在。本文以北京地铁四号线宣武门车站为工程背景,建立力学和计算模型,采用FLAC程序进行计算模拟,分析群洞开挖时洞与洞之间的相互影响,并通过地表沉降、地层位移等来进行说明。最后对工程实际监测的数据进行了分析,并与数值模拟的结果作对比,从而得出一些结论,对以后的地铁车站群洞设计、施工都具有指导性的意义。
This paper describes the project background and international research current situation briefly, so puts forward the problem to study; introduces construction methods in the subway station at present and coherent situation of Xuanwumen subway station; analyses the character of ground settlement of single-carven tunnel、double-carven tunnel and multi-cavern caused by the construction; simulates the excavation of the multi-cavern at the background of Xuanwumen subway station and compares the numerical simulation result with the on-the-spot monitoring data.
At present, the shallow buried tunneling method includes various construction methods. These construction methods have their respective strongpoint、shortcoming| and the range of applicability. The multi-cavern method has been applied on the construction of the Xuanwumen subway station. This method will cause little traffic disturbance、little bug dust、little noise and control the ground settlement effectively, so it is applied extensively on the construction of subway station and has obtained remarkable economic and social benefit.
Different construction sequence will cause different effect on environment. Because of the non-linearity on procedure of the excavation of the multi-cavern, it is necessary to find out a rational sequence of excavation to weaken effect on the environment, it is that this paper emphasizes. Based on the Xuanwumen station of subway line No 4 of Beijing, this paper establishes mechanics and calculation model, and then simulates and analyses the interaction effect among the excavation of the multi-cavern using FLAC, and explains the interaction effect through the ground settlement and soil displacement. At last, this paper analyses the monitoring data on-the-spot and compares it with the stimulant result, and then obtains a few instructive results to supervise design and construction of the subway station.
引文
[1]王梦恕.地下工程浅埋暗挖技术通论.合肥:安徽教育出版社,2004
[2]刘钊,佘才高,周振强.地铁工程设计于施工,北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[3]覃仁辉.隧道工程.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2001
[4]鲍薇.光华路站浅埋暗挖法群洞效应数值模拟研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京科技大学,2006
[5]王东杰.浅埋暗挖中洞法及其在地铁车站施工中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京工业大学,2005
[6]阳军生,刘宝琛.城市隧道施工引起的地表移动及变形.北京:中国铁道出版社,2002
[7]曾晓清.地铁工程双线盾构隧道平行推进的相互作用计施工力学的研究:[博士学位论文].上海:同济大学
[8]刘洪洲.交叠隧道盾构施工的相互作用及其环境土工问题的数值法研究与深大基坑冻结法短段掘砌施工的数值模拟:[博士学位论文].上海:同济大学,2002
[9] Ghaboussi.J, Raken.E and Karshenas.M. Analysis of subsidence over soft ground tunnels. Evaluation and Prediction of subsidence. Edited by Saxena, Published by ASCE, New York, 1978. 182-196
[10]刘招伟,赵运臣.城市地下工程施工监测与信息反馈技术.北京:科学出版社,2006
[11]王启耀.陡倾角层状岩体中大型地下洞室群围岩变形的预报与控制:[博士学位论文].上海:同济大学,2003
[12]仇文革.地下工程近接施工力学原理与对策的研究:[博士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学,2003
[13]朱维申,何满潮.复杂条件下围岩稳定性与岩体动态施工力学,北京:科学出版社,1995
[14]朱维申,王平.动态规划原理在洞室群施工力学中的应用.岩石力学与工程学报,1992. 11 (4):323-331
[15]李术才,朱维申.裂隙岩体大型洞室群施工顺序优化研究.岩土工程学报,1998. 20(1):1-4
[16]钟登华,刘东海.大型地下洞室群系统仿真理论方法与应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003
[17]上海市隧道工程公司编,延安东路隧道施工技术文集.上海:上海科技文献出版社,2000
[18] K.W.Lo,L.F.Leung,S.L.Lee. H.Makino,H.Tajima. Field Instrumentation of a Multiple Tunnel Interaction Problem,Tunnels & Tunnelling,July,1998.
[19]关宝树.隧道工程设计与要点集.北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[20]关宝树.隧道工程施工与要点集.北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[21] Peck.R.B. Deep Excavation and Tunneling in soft ground. State of the-art report: 7th ICOSMFE (Mexico), 1969:225-290
[22]李广信.高等土力学.北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[23]宋瑞刚.近距离隧道围岩及支护结构稳定性研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京交通大学,2004
[24]吴波.复杂条件下城市地铁隧道施工地表沉降研究:[博士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学,2003
[25]刘波,韩彦辉. FLAC原理、实例与应用指南.北京:人民交通出版社,2005
[26]蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程.北京:科学出版社,2004
[27]胡兴.相邻三孔隧洞应力场相互影响的FLAC分析:[硕士学位论文].贵阳:贵州工业大学,2002
[28]包太,刘新荣等.地下洞室与其上部地基相互作用的FLAC分析.贵州工业大学学报,2002. 31(6):48-51
[29]刘波,叶圣国等.地铁盾构施工引起临近基础沉降的FLAC元数值模拟.煤炭科学技术,2002. 30(10): 9-11
[30]吴波,高波.城市地铁小间距隧道施工性态的力学模拟与分析.中国公路学报,2005. 18(3):84-89
[31]黄志安,李示波. FLAC和数值分析在矿山地表沉降预测中的应用.有色金属. 2005,57(3):95-98
[32]刘保国.大型地下洞室群开挖方案优化数值模拟:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京交通大学,2006
[33]刘招伟.城市地铁盾构法施工引起的地表沉降分析:[硕士学位论文].北京:北方交通大学,2002
[2]刘钊,佘才高,周振强.地铁工程设计于施工,北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[3]覃仁辉.隧道工程.重庆:重庆大学出版社,2001
[4]鲍薇.光华路站浅埋暗挖法群洞效应数值模拟研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京科技大学,2006
[5]王东杰.浅埋暗挖中洞法及其在地铁车站施工中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京工业大学,2005
[6]阳军生,刘宝琛.城市隧道施工引起的地表移动及变形.北京:中国铁道出版社,2002
[7]曾晓清.地铁工程双线盾构隧道平行推进的相互作用计施工力学的研究:[博士学位论文].上海:同济大学
[8]刘洪洲.交叠隧道盾构施工的相互作用及其环境土工问题的数值法研究与深大基坑冻结法短段掘砌施工的数值模拟:[博士学位论文].上海:同济大学,2002
[9] Ghaboussi.J, Raken.E and Karshenas.M. Analysis of subsidence over soft ground tunnels. Evaluation and Prediction of subsidence. Edited by Saxena, Published by ASCE, New York, 1978. 182-196
[10]刘招伟,赵运臣.城市地下工程施工监测与信息反馈技术.北京:科学出版社,2006
[11]王启耀.陡倾角层状岩体中大型地下洞室群围岩变形的预报与控制:[博士学位论文].上海:同济大学,2003
[12]仇文革.地下工程近接施工力学原理与对策的研究:[博士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学,2003
[13]朱维申,何满潮.复杂条件下围岩稳定性与岩体动态施工力学,北京:科学出版社,1995
[14]朱维申,王平.动态规划原理在洞室群施工力学中的应用.岩石力学与工程学报,1992. 11 (4):323-331
[15]李术才,朱维申.裂隙岩体大型洞室群施工顺序优化研究.岩土工程学报,1998. 20(1):1-4
[16]钟登华,刘东海.大型地下洞室群系统仿真理论方法与应用.北京:中国水利水电出版社,2003
[17]上海市隧道工程公司编,延安东路隧道施工技术文集.上海:上海科技文献出版社,2000
[18] K.W.Lo,L.F.Leung,S.L.Lee. H.Makino,H.Tajima. Field Instrumentation of a Multiple Tunnel Interaction Problem,Tunnels & Tunnelling,July,1998.
[19]关宝树.隧道工程设计与要点集.北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[20]关宝树.隧道工程施工与要点集.北京:人民交通出版社,2003
[21] Peck.R.B. Deep Excavation and Tunneling in soft ground. State of the-art report: 7th ICOSMFE (Mexico), 1969:225-290
[22]李广信.高等土力学.北京:清华大学出版社,2005
[23]宋瑞刚.近距离隧道围岩及支护结构稳定性研究:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京交通大学,2004
[24]吴波.复杂条件下城市地铁隧道施工地表沉降研究:[博士学位论文].成都:西南交通大学,2003
[25]刘波,韩彦辉. FLAC原理、实例与应用指南.北京:人民交通出版社,2005
[26]蔡美峰.岩石力学与工程.北京:科学出版社,2004
[27]胡兴.相邻三孔隧洞应力场相互影响的FLAC分析:[硕士学位论文].贵阳:贵州工业大学,2002
[28]包太,刘新荣等.地下洞室与其上部地基相互作用的FLAC分析.贵州工业大学学报,2002. 31(6):48-51
[29]刘波,叶圣国等.地铁盾构施工引起临近基础沉降的FLAC元数值模拟.煤炭科学技术,2002. 30(10): 9-11
[30]吴波,高波.城市地铁小间距隧道施工性态的力学模拟与分析.中国公路学报,2005. 18(3):84-89
[31]黄志安,李示波. FLAC和数值分析在矿山地表沉降预测中的应用.有色金属. 2005,57(3):95-98
[32]刘保国.大型地下洞室群开挖方案优化数值模拟:[硕士学位论文].北京:北京交通大学,2006
[33]刘招伟.城市地铁盾构法施工引起的地表沉降分析:[硕士学位论文].北京:北方交通大学,2002