基于本体的航空产品知识库构建研究
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摘要
本论文根据当前我国在知识管理领域和知识工程领域对知识表示、获取、利用等方面的理论和实践成果,基于当前我国航空工业对知识的迫切需求和知识管理现状,研究了航空产品全生命周期知识库(Aviation Product Lifecycle Knowledge Base简称APLKB)构建的理论与方法,对APLKB的框架、内容和功能等进行了论述,就APLKB中知识的表示、获取、利用等关键技术进行了研究,主要研究内容如下：
(1)在对知识管理现状研究的基础上,以现有的知识管理和知识工程有关理论为基础,针对航空产品知识管理存在问题和对知识管理的需求,提出了航空产品全生命周期知识库理论,对该理论的主要体系框架进行了设计,明确APLKB定位、特征和功能。
(2)在研究航空产品全生命周期活动模型的基础上,提出了航空产品全生命周期知识分类的来源原则和主题原则,运用上述原则设计了航空产品全生命周期知识内容框架模型和主题框架模型。
(3)对APLKB中知识表示方法进行了研究,在研究中分析几种知识表示技术的优缺点,其中特别对本体用于知识表示的优点进行了分析,然后重点就如何利用本体进行航空产品全生命周期知识表示进行了论证。设计出了航空产品全生命周期知识库的本体表示模型,提出了基于四层架构的航空产品知识表示法。
(4)对航空领域本体构建理论进行研究,利用基于叙词表的本体构建方法,提出了基于《中国航空百科词典》和飞机零件明细表的航空领域本体构建方法。该本体构建方法领域专家参与少,效率高。利用该方法构建了典型的航空领域本体。在本体语义映射算法中返回语义关系而非相似性系数。
(5)知识获取一直是知识管理的瓶颈,本文对APLKB中的知识获取技术进行了研究,通过对基于规则的文本挖掘算法的改进,提出了以企业业务系统数据为来源的基于多层规则和文本挖掘的知识自动获取方法,并对知识获取技术中的语义标注进行了改进。(6)对APLKB中知识检索利用进行了研究。即如何通过本体论的运用,检索出知识库的知识,实现航空产品计算机的辅助设计与制造。论述了基于本体的知识检索和知识推理的原理,重点对基于实例的知识重用和快速成型的知识重用进行系统论述,对基于实例的知识重用中的实例检索技术算法进行改进,并根据经验,总结了基于实例的快速成型的知识重用方法。为进一步验证技术的可行性,设计了某航空某研究所的航空产品知识库系统软件原型。
This paper based on the current field of knowledge management, knowledge engineering, and includes knowledge expression, acquisition and use of the theory and practice results, according to China's aviation industry current urgent requirements for knowledge and knowledge management status, makes a deep research of Aviation Product Lifecycle Knowledge Base(APLKB). The framework, content and function of APLKB are discussed, which makes a research on knowledge expression, knowledge acquisition and knowledge utilization about APLKB. Mainly study the following:
(1) Based on the research of present situation of knowledge management and according to the knowledge management and knowledge engineering theory, this paper proposes the theory of PALKB, and devises a framework of APLKB theory, defining location and character and function of APLKB. As for aviation product knowledge management and demands of knowledge management, this paper proposes aviation product life cycle theory of knowledge.
(2)The paper makes a research on sort of aviation product knowledge, and makes a representation of origin rule and topic rule, which focus on sort of aviation product knowledge。In accordance with the research of lifecycle activity model of aviation product which it designs a content model of aviation product lifecycle knowledge and framework model with application of these rules.
(3)The paper makes research on knowledge expression method of APLKB, which analyzes merits and shortcomings of several methods of knowledge expression, especially analyzes merit and shortcomings of ontology knowledge expression method, then strengthening on argumentation on expression method to use ontology. The paper devises ontology expression model on APLKB, puts forward the method composed by four layers of express knowledge on APLKB.
(4)The paper makes a research on ontology theory, and puts forward construction method of aviation domain ontology based on Aviation Encyclopedia Dictionary and part list, taking advantage of method of construction of ontology library based on thesaurus. The method needs less work of domain experts and has higher efficient by which typical aviation ontology is constructed. The calculation of semantic reflection is used in paper returns relation rather than similarity coefficient.
(5) Because of knowledge acquisition is always our bottleneck on KM, therefore the paper makes research on it. It puts forward a method to automatically acquire knowledge based on multilayer rules and text mining that knowledge origin is data of business system by means of improvement of text mining calculation based on rule, and makes an innovation method of semantic label and improves method on similarity calculation.
(6) This paper makes a research on knowledge retrieval utilization of APLKB that content is how to retrieve knowledge form knowledge base in order to realize computer-aid design and computer-aid manufacture of aviation product through application of ontology. It gives a dissertation on principle of knowledge retrieval and knowledge inference based on ontology, and it systemly gives an emphases dissertation on reusing of knowledge based on instance and fast shaping. It makes an innovation method to reuse knowledge based on instance and fast shaping and summarizes the method to reuse knowledge about fast shaping based on instance by experience. In order to test and verify feasibility of above method, the paper designs a system software model of aviation product knowledge base, which is running in a institute of aviation product.
The paper completed with collaboration of on Aeronautical Science Foundation project——The Research on Integration Strategy of Aviation Enterprise Information Systems based on Ontology (2009ZG39001).
(1)在对知识管理现状研究的基础上,以现有的知识管理和知识工程有关理论为基础,针对航空产品知识管理存在问题和对知识管理的需求,提出了航空产品全生命周期知识库理论,对该理论的主要体系框架进行了设计,明确APLKB定位、特征和功能。
(2)在研究航空产品全生命周期活动模型的基础上,提出了航空产品全生命周期知识分类的来源原则和主题原则,运用上述原则设计了航空产品全生命周期知识内容框架模型和主题框架模型。
(3)对APLKB中知识表示方法进行了研究,在研究中分析几种知识表示技术的优缺点,其中特别对本体用于知识表示的优点进行了分析,然后重点就如何利用本体进行航空产品全生命周期知识表示进行了论证。设计出了航空产品全生命周期知识库的本体表示模型,提出了基于四层架构的航空产品知识表示法。
(4)对航空领域本体构建理论进行研究,利用基于叙词表的本体构建方法,提出了基于《中国航空百科词典》和飞机零件明细表的航空领域本体构建方法。该本体构建方法领域专家参与少,效率高。利用该方法构建了典型的航空领域本体。在本体语义映射算法中返回语义关系而非相似性系数。
(5)知识获取一直是知识管理的瓶颈,本文对APLKB中的知识获取技术进行了研究,通过对基于规则的文本挖掘算法的改进,提出了以企业业务系统数据为来源的基于多层规则和文本挖掘的知识自动获取方法,并对知识获取技术中的语义标注进行了改进。(6)对APLKB中知识检索利用进行了研究。即如何通过本体论的运用,检索出知识库的知识,实现航空产品计算机的辅助设计与制造。论述了基于本体的知识检索和知识推理的原理,重点对基于实例的知识重用和快速成型的知识重用进行系统论述,对基于实例的知识重用中的实例检索技术算法进行改进,并根据经验,总结了基于实例的快速成型的知识重用方法。为进一步验证技术的可行性,设计了某航空某研究所的航空产品知识库系统软件原型。
This paper based on the current field of knowledge management, knowledge engineering, and includes knowledge expression, acquisition and use of the theory and practice results, according to China's aviation industry current urgent requirements for knowledge and knowledge management status, makes a deep research of Aviation Product Lifecycle Knowledge Base(APLKB). The framework, content and function of APLKB are discussed, which makes a research on knowledge expression, knowledge acquisition and knowledge utilization about APLKB. Mainly study the following:
(1) Based on the research of present situation of knowledge management and according to the knowledge management and knowledge engineering theory, this paper proposes the theory of PALKB, and devises a framework of APLKB theory, defining location and character and function of APLKB. As for aviation product knowledge management and demands of knowledge management, this paper proposes aviation product life cycle theory of knowledge.
(2)The paper makes a research on sort of aviation product knowledge, and makes a representation of origin rule and topic rule, which focus on sort of aviation product knowledge。In accordance with the research of lifecycle activity model of aviation product which it designs a content model of aviation product lifecycle knowledge and framework model with application of these rules.
(3)The paper makes research on knowledge expression method of APLKB, which analyzes merits and shortcomings of several methods of knowledge expression, especially analyzes merit and shortcomings of ontology knowledge expression method, then strengthening on argumentation on expression method to use ontology. The paper devises ontology expression model on APLKB, puts forward the method composed by four layers of express knowledge on APLKB.
(4)The paper makes a research on ontology theory, and puts forward construction method of aviation domain ontology based on Aviation Encyclopedia Dictionary and part list, taking advantage of method of construction of ontology library based on thesaurus. The method needs less work of domain experts and has higher efficient by which typical aviation ontology is constructed. The calculation of semantic reflection is used in paper returns relation rather than similarity coefficient.
(5) Because of knowledge acquisition is always our bottleneck on KM, therefore the paper makes research on it. It puts forward a method to automatically acquire knowledge based on multilayer rules and text mining that knowledge origin is data of business system by means of improvement of text mining calculation based on rule, and makes an innovation method of semantic label and improves method on similarity calculation.
(6) This paper makes a research on knowledge retrieval utilization of APLKB that content is how to retrieve knowledge form knowledge base in order to realize computer-aid design and computer-aid manufacture of aviation product through application of ontology. It gives a dissertation on principle of knowledge retrieval and knowledge inference based on ontology, and it systemly gives an emphases dissertation on reusing of knowledge based on instance and fast shaping. It makes an innovation method to reuse knowledge based on instance and fast shaping and summarizes the method to reuse knowledge about fast shaping based on instance by experience. In order to test and verify feasibility of above method, the paper designs a system software model of aviation product knowledge base, which is running in a institute of aviation product.
The paper completed with collaboration of on Aeronautical Science Foundation project——The Research on Integration Strategy of Aviation Enterprise Information Systems based on Ontology (2009ZG39001).
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