ISO22000食品安全管理体系在肉鸡屠宰企业中的建立研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
ISO22000标准是由国际标准化组织(ISO)于2005年9月份正式出版颁布的。ISO22000标准包括HACCP体系的全部要求,并强调前提方案的重要性,因此,ISO22000食品安全管理体系的关键是HACCP体系和前提方案等控制措施形成的有效组合。本研究根据ISO22000标准的要求,并结合龙岩森宝企业的实际生产情况,所建立的一套较为科学的、完整的适用于规模化肉鸡屠宰企业的食品安全管理体系。通过全面的危害分析识别肉鸡屠宰生产存在的显著危害,确定了三个关键控制点:毛鸡验收、冷却消毒、金属探测,并确定了关键限值(CL)和预防措施;建立了HACCP计划,参照HACCP计划的管理模式建立操作性前提方案;通过HACCP计划和操作性前提方案的有效结合,将鸡肉产品的显著危害消除、预防或降低至可接受水平。
     对建立ISO22000食品安全管理体系的效果进行验证,测定了肉鸡屠宰生产线上员工的手、刀具、案板、传送带、屠宰过程中主要工序胴体表面、包装前的分割肉的菌落总数和大肠菌群两项微生物指标。结果表明车间的卫生状况得到良好的控制,微生物指标符合企业标准,包装前的分割肉的卫生指标符合国家和企业的标准,从而验证了ISO22000食品安全管理体系在肉鸡屠宰生产上的有效性。
     本研究侧重对危害分析与关键控制点(HACCP)和操作性前提方案的有效结合进行探讨,研究的结果为肉鸡屠宰企业建立ISO22000安全管理体系及其他学者进一步的研究提供了参考。
The ISO22000 standard was published by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in due form in September, 2005. The ISO22000 included all demands on HACCP system,and emphasized the importance of prerequisite program. Therefore the key to the ISO22000 food safety management systems was the effective combination of regulatory measures—HACCP system and prerequisite program, etc. This study founds a scientific and intact food safety management systems according to the ISO22000 standard , combined a great deal literature with the actual production practice of Longyan SENBAO broiler corporation. Meanwhile this system was suitable for the scale broiler plants. Through the comprehensive hazard analysis to the techniques flow of broiler processing, checking and accepting the growth broiler, pre-cooling & disinfection, and metal detecting were identified as critical control points(CCPs), the critical limits and the corresponding control measures were established; The HACCP plan and the operational prerequisite program were established, We would prevent or eliminate or reduce the hazard of he finished products to an acceptable level through the effective combination of HACCP system and operational prerequisite program.
     The effect of ISO22000 food safety management system was identified .The APC and Coli were detected on workers' hands, the cutting tools, the cutting board , the conveyer belt at each working site of slaughtering line, on the surface of carcasses of the main working procedure,and different cuts before packaging. The results showed that the hygienic condition was under the good control, the microbial levels of cuts reached the national standard. Therefore it was effective to apply ISO22000 food safety management systems to broiler slaughtering and fabricating lines.
     This study emphasized on discussing the effective combination of HACCP and the operational prerequisite program. The result would provided references for the broiler slaughtering enterprise to establish the ISO22000 food safety management systems and other scholar's further research.
引文
[1] 白晓冬,我国食品安全现状及对策探讨.中国卫生法制:2006年3月第14卷第2期(总第81期).
    [2] 人民日报,全国人大有关专门委员会和部分全国人大代表听取国务院有关部门食品安全卫生立法情况汇报 www.people.com.cn,2007年4月5日.
    [3] 朱玉,胡涛涛.食品安全行动计划,2003年8月26日http:/www.shunde.gov.cn.
    [4] FAO/WHO.Question and Answer, Global from of Food safety Regulators, 28 January 2002.
    [5] http://www.moh.gov.cn/, 2007年4月5日.
    [6] 李冬,21世纪上叶中国肉鸡产业发展趋势与育种方向,2003年6月26日http://www.xunong.com/dongtai/all.hhn.
    [7] 郑华,林捷,李远志.我国禽肉加工业现状及发展方向[J].中国家禽,2003,25(15):1-2.
    [8] http://faostat.fao.org/, 2006年3月28日.
    [9] 刘登勇,周光宏,徐幸莲.我国肉鸡加工的现状及发展趋势[J].食品科学,2005,Vol.26.No.11.
    [10] www.chinameat.cn, 2007年4月2日.
    [11] Codex Alimentarius Basic Texts. Hazard and Analysis and Critical Control Point system and gnidelines for its application [J]. Aunex to CAC/RCP1—1996, Rev, —1997.
    [12] 乔淑清,张建军,刘志广HACCP在酸奶加工工艺中的应用[J].食品科学,2004,(11):452.
    [13] 宋泽,曾一本.HACCP体系的基本原理和发展与ISO的关系及在我国实施的必要性[J].中国水产,2000,8:68-69.
    [14] U S Food and Drug Administration Center for food safety and applied nutrition instructions for establishment registration and processing filing for Addified and Low-Add canned foods [Z]. 1997.
    [15] Federal Register 9th code FSIS USDA. Pathogen Reduction; Hazard Analysis And Critical Control Point Systems[Z]. Final Rule. Hazard.
    [16] 赵同刚,徐科.食品企业危害分析关键控制点(HACCP)质量控制体系[M].北京:经济管理出版社,2003.16.
    [17] Bemard D. Developing and implementing HACCP in the USA[J]. Food Coutrol, 1992(3): 91~95.
    [18] 21 CFR Parts 123 and 1240. Procedures for the safe and sanitary processing and importing of fishery products [Z]. Final Rule.
    [19] 张根生.危害分析与关键控制点在现代食品加工企业中的应用[M].北京:中国计量出版社, 2004. (11): 29~30.
    [20] FAO. Food Quality and Safety Systems—A Training Manual on Food Hygiene and the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) System[M], Rome: 1998.
    [21] 肖建国、李卫华等.HACCP在中国.防疫管理,1005—944X(2005)03—0009—02.
    [22] 钱和等.HACCP原理与实施[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2003,21-25.
    [23] 汪凤祖.HACCP体系及其在出口食品企业中的发展现状[J].食品科学,1999,(8):20~23.
    [24] Sheridan—M. Overview of HACCP and how to do it. Research -and-Development-Associates-for-Military-Food-and-Packaging-Systems(USA), 1996, 48(1): 291~298.
    [25] 钱和主编.HACCP原理与实施[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社2003.3.6~7.
    [26] 曾庆孝主编.食品生产的危害和关键控制点(HACCP)原理与应用[M].广州:广州华南理工大学出版社,2000.
    [27] NACMCF(National Advisory Committee on Microbiological Criteria for Foods). Hazard analysis and critical control point principles and application guidelines[J]. Journal of Food Protection, 1998, 61: 1246-1259}.
    [28] Sheridan-M. Overview of HACCP and how to do it. Research -ang-Developmen-Associates-for-Military-Systems(USh), 1996, 48(1): 291~298.
    [29] Donald A Corett, Jr. HACCP User's Manual [J]. Corlett Food Consulting Service, 1998, 6.
    [30] NACMAP HACCP. Principles for food production. 1989, 11.
    [31] Spether. W H. The modern HACCP system [J]. Food Technology, 1991, 45(46): 116~120.
    [32] 崔春红,蒋霄青.建立HACCP体系是生产安全食品的保证[J].粮油食品科技,2003,11(5):35~36.
    [29] 白雪,基于HACCP原理开发IS022000标准[J].农业与技术,2005,12(6).
    [30] GB/T22000-2006/IS022000: 2005, 2006-7-1.
    [31] 《食品安全管理体系 要求》理解与应用[R].,HACCP—EC—02,2005年1月.
    [32] ISO22000在中国应用的适用性分析[R].,HACCP—EC—03,2005年1月.
    [33] 曹雪慧,HACCP体系及其在肉鸡屠宰加工中的应用[J].肉类工业.2005年(8).
    [34] 肉及肉制品生产企业/食品安全管理体系专项评价准则与认证审核作业指导书[R].(HACCP-EC—06)2005年1月.
    [35] 周薪明,郑杰.肉鸡屠宰加工工艺研究[J].粮油加工与食品机械.2002(1)42~43.
    [36] 常泽军,杜顺丰,李鹤飞.肉鸡[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2006.1:244~260.
    [37] 王建德,肉鸡屠宰加工企业危害分析和关键控制点(HACCP)管理模式的建立研究[D].中国农业大学硕士学位论文.
    [38] 肖建国,商品肉鸡饲养环节危害分析与关键控制点(HACCP)的初步研究[D].内蒙古农业大学,硕士论文.
    [39] 王解盾,吴丽莉.HACCP系统与食品卫生监督[J].中国公共卫生管理.2003,19(3):207-208.
    [40] 李建刚.食品行业应用HACCP原理时存在的主要问题和解决对策.:1004-9231(2002)07-0347-03.
    [41] 李怀林.食品安全管理体系通用教程[M].北京:中国计量出版社,2004.7.
    [42] 裴山 最新国际标准ISO22000食品安全管理体系建立和实施指南[M].北京:中国标准出版社,2005,ISBN 7-5066-3962-9.
    [43] 郑又贤.马克思主义哲学原理[M].福建教育出版社,1999,3:83-85.
    [44] 段静莹,生猪屠宰HACCP体系的建立和冷却肉保鲜技术的研究[D].南京农业大学,硕士论文.
    [45] 李殿鑫,肉牛屠宰分割生产线HACCP体系的建立[D].南京农业大学,硕士论文.
    [46] Li J, McLandsborough L A. The effects of the surface charge and hydrophobicity of Escherichia coli on its adhesion to beef muscle[J], International Journal of Food Microbiology, 1999, 53: 185-193.
    [47] Nortje G L, Nel L, Jordan E, et al. A quantitative survey of a meat production chain to determine the microbial profile of the final product[J]. Journal Food Protection, 1990, 53, 411—417.
    [48] Orefice L. Monitoraggio microbiologico a livello di locali, attrezzature a personale nell_industria alimentare. In: Rapporto ISTISAN 84/5: Aspetti igienici della produzione di alimenti. Istituto Superiore di Sanit a, Roma Italy, 1984: 135—149.
    [49] Patterson J Z. Microbiological assessment of surfaces[J]. Journal Food Technology, 1971.. 6: 63-72.
    [50] 康相涛.加入WTO后中国家禽面临的机遇、挑战与发展策略[J].郑州牧业工程高等专科学校学报,2000,(5):1-2.
    [51] Shackelford, A. D. Poulbry Science, 1998. 86(8): 102.
    [52] Jeff W, Savell. Rosenthal HACCP plans. Dept. of animal science, Texas A&M University. 2000. January.

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700