麦积山风景名胜区土壤纤毛虫分类与物种多样性研究
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摘要
本文是麦积山风景名胜区土壤纤毛虫分类和物种多样性研究结果的总结。共鉴定到83种土壤纤毛虫,其中包括1个新种和8个中国土壤纤毛虫新纪录种,隶属于1门、3纲、6亚纲、11目、31科、45属。
对物种在13个采样点的分布进行了研究。麦积山苍龙岭样点的物种最为丰富,分布有50种,其次是土桥分水岭,分布有46种;曲溪铁树梁、木箕滩和仙人湖沼泽的种类数较少,分别为30种、27种和29种。结果表明,土壤纤毛虫种类数的分布与各个样点的微生境条件的差异有密切的关系。
对麦积山地区土壤纤毛虫的群落组成进行了分析。结果表明,最重要的3个类群为下毛目、前口目和肾形目,这三大优势类群的种类占纤毛虫全部种类的70%,其中下毛目共有17个属的种类出现。
对麦积山风景名胜区各样点土壤纤毛虫的密度进行了比较分析,结果表明,麦积山各个样点土壤纤毛虫的密度差异较大,但密度的大小与种类的分布情况有些类似,表明密度与各样点的微生境条件有密切关联。
麦积山风景名胜区与国内其他地区土壤纤毛虫群落进行相似性分析,结果表明,与其他各地区之间存在着较大的差异。
研究结果表明,麦积山风景名胜区土壤纤毛虫物种极其丰富,群落结构复杂而特殊。
The results of classification and species diversity in Scenic Spots and Historic Sites of Maijishan were concluded in this paper. 83 species of ciliates, including 1 new species and 8 new domestic recorded species of soils ciliates were identified. They were belonging to 1 phylum, 3 classes, 6 subclasses, 11 orders, 31 families and 45 genera.
Distributions of soil ciliates in 13 sampling sites were studied. 50 species in Maijishancanglongling sites were most abundant, then 46 species were distributed in Tuqiaofenshuiling sites. 30, 27 and 29 species were distributed respectively in Quxitieshuliang, Mujitan and Xianrenhuzhaoze. The results showed that there was closer relationship between distribution of species numbers and microhabitat conditions in sample sites.
The results of analyses on community composition of soil ciliates in the Maijishan area showed that the most important groups were Hypotrichida, Prostomatida and Colpodida. Three dominant groups accounting for 70% of the total species .There were 17 genara among Hypotrichida were found.
The results of comparative studies on density of ciliates in soil samples of the Scenic Spots and Historic Sites of Maijishan showed that density of soil ciliates were obvious difference in each soil samples. But the size of density was similar to the distribution of species. It was indicated that there was close relationship between density and microhabitat conditions in each sites.
The results of similarity analysis between the Scenic Spots and Historic Sites of Maijishan and other areas in China showed that exhibited a large difference among other areas.
The results of the study showed that the prominent uniqueness of the diversity of species of soil ciliates in Scenic Spots and Historic Sites of Maijishan was characterized by very large richness of species and complex and unique communitystructure.
对物种在13个采样点的分布进行了研究。麦积山苍龙岭样点的物种最为丰富,分布有50种,其次是土桥分水岭,分布有46种;曲溪铁树梁、木箕滩和仙人湖沼泽的种类数较少,分别为30种、27种和29种。结果表明,土壤纤毛虫种类数的分布与各个样点的微生境条件的差异有密切的关系。
对麦积山地区土壤纤毛虫的群落组成进行了分析。结果表明,最重要的3个类群为下毛目、前口目和肾形目,这三大优势类群的种类占纤毛虫全部种类的70%,其中下毛目共有17个属的种类出现。
对麦积山风景名胜区各样点土壤纤毛虫的密度进行了比较分析,结果表明,麦积山各个样点土壤纤毛虫的密度差异较大,但密度的大小与种类的分布情况有些类似,表明密度与各样点的微生境条件有密切关联。
麦积山风景名胜区与国内其他地区土壤纤毛虫群落进行相似性分析,结果表明,与其他各地区之间存在着较大的差异。
研究结果表明,麦积山风景名胜区土壤纤毛虫物种极其丰富,群落结构复杂而特殊。
The results of classification and species diversity in Scenic Spots and Historic Sites of Maijishan were concluded in this paper. 83 species of ciliates, including 1 new species and 8 new domestic recorded species of soils ciliates were identified. They were belonging to 1 phylum, 3 classes, 6 subclasses, 11 orders, 31 families and 45 genera.
Distributions of soil ciliates in 13 sampling sites were studied. 50 species in Maijishancanglongling sites were most abundant, then 46 species were distributed in Tuqiaofenshuiling sites. 30, 27 and 29 species were distributed respectively in Quxitieshuliang, Mujitan and Xianrenhuzhaoze. The results showed that there was closer relationship between distribution of species numbers and microhabitat conditions in sample sites.
The results of analyses on community composition of soil ciliates in the Maijishan area showed that the most important groups were Hypotrichida, Prostomatida and Colpodida. Three dominant groups accounting for 70% of the total species .There were 17 genara among Hypotrichida were found.
The results of comparative studies on density of ciliates in soil samples of the Scenic Spots and Historic Sites of Maijishan showed that density of soil ciliates were obvious difference in each soil samples. But the size of density was similar to the distribution of species. It was indicated that there was close relationship between density and microhabitat conditions in each sites.
The results of similarity analysis between the Scenic Spots and Historic Sites of Maijishan and other areas in China showed that exhibited a large difference among other areas.
The results of the study showed that the prominent uniqueness of the diversity of species of soil ciliates in Scenic Spots and Historic Sites of Maijishan was characterized by very large richness of species and complex and unique communitystructure.
引文
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宁应之,沈韫芬,1999。中国典型地带土壤原生动物新记录种(纤毛虫门:寡膜纲)。动物学杂志,34(6):2-4.
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