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贫信息小样本条件下时空动态变形预报方法研究
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摘要
本文以“贫信息、小样本”条件下时空动态变形预报为主要研究目的。构造了以灰色包络曲线为约束条件的多维粗差探测方法;以GM(1,1)模型为基础,建立了变形空间单点预测模型,构建了顾及变形信息量多少的单点预测模型群,对影响GM(1,1)模型预测精度的关键参数“背景值”进行了重构,根据新信息优先原理,优化GM(1,1)模型求解的“初始条件”,提出了一种适应多种变形状况下的双重优化单点预测模型;由整体建模角度出发,构建了顾及变形空间点位关联的多点预测模型;首次对变形组合模型的构造形式进行定义解释,提出了基于变形信号分解的串联式和基于信息综合利用的并联式两类组合模型;讨论模型误差S对变形建模参数求解的影响,引入半参数模型对S进行描述,以补偿最小二乘为约束条件,对S的求解进行详细推导,对影响半参数模型求解的关键参数“正则矩阵R”和“平滑参数α”进行优选,提出了求解平滑参数α的Xu函数法;验证了半参数理论识别模型误差的有效性。
The main research purpose of this paper is modeling and forecastingspatiotemporal dynamic deformation system characterized by deficient informationand small sample. In order to detect multi-dimensional gross error in deformation dataunder the condition of small sample and unknown probability distribution, a greyenvelope curve is constructed. GM (1,1)(GM) model is adopted to establish asingle-point deformation forecasting model. In order to make the GM (1,1) modelmore precise and adaptive, the quantity of deformation information is taken intoaccount, and a single-point forecasting model group is established. Therefore twoaspects are employed to improve its performance, including integration equation usedto eliminate the error term resulted from the conventional calculation of backgroundvalue method and the nthcomponent of x(1)assumed to be initial condition of GMmodel based on latest information priority principle. Then, a dual optimization modeladapted to various deformation status is proposed. With consideration of correlationof monitoring points, the multi-point spatial deformation forecasting model isdeveloped. The structure form of combined model of deformation is analyzed anddefined for the first time, and series and parallel combination model is alsodemonstrated. The semi-parametric model is introduced to deal with the model error(ME) stemming from deformation forecasting model, according to penalized leastsquares. The estimators of ME are then derived and the selection of smoothingparameter α and regular matrix R upon solving are further discussed.Function Xu (α), a new model for determiningα, is developed and the effectivenessof semi-parametric model in dealing with ME is also confirmed.
引文
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