泵站综合自动化系统控制功能的研究与实现
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摘要
泵站综合自动化系统是集控制、保护、运行与管理于一体的系统,它可以大大提高泵站的效率。中小型电力泵站担负着农田灌溉、城市供水、排涝等多方面的任务,因此设计出一套适合中小型电力泵站的综合自动化系统是现代泵站建设的一项重要任务。
本课题以宾县居仁离心式电力排灌站为研究对象,在系统分析国内外电力泵站综合自动化系统的基础上,完成了包括泵的起停控制、过流保护、优化运行、有压进水闸门的动态自动控制等多项功能在内的系统总体方案的研究与设计。
整个控制系统的设计可以分为两部分:上位机的设计和下位机的设计。下位机采用AT89C52单片机作为系统的控制核心,设计了采样电路、A/D转换电路及RS-485通信电路等硬件电路,通过继电器控制交流接触器来实现电动机的起动与停止控制。下位机的软件利用C51语言作为开发单片机的控制软件,开发了闸门自动调节、水泵机组起停及通信等程序。上位机控制管理系统共有控制主窗口模块、在线监测模块、历史数据查询模块、报警模块等部分组成,利用Visual Basic语言开发,主要完成与下位机系统的通信即对下位机发出控制命令和对单片机采集到的数据进行接收、显示、存储等功能。同时又利用模糊控制原理对水泵机组的工作台数进行了优化控制的研究,为泵站经济运行提供了依据。在整个设计中,硬件和软件部分都运用了抗干扰技术,使设计的系统性能稳定。
为了验证设计电路和控制程序是否正确,利用实验室现有条件,进行了模拟实验。通过模拟实验表明,本研究设计的泵站综合自动化系统控制单元均能够按要求动作,在电动机的电流过大时,保护能及时动作,切断电源;控制单元在水位变化时能够及时调节闸门的开启角度,使水位维持在安全范围内。
Pumping station integrated automation system was a system which integrates control、protection、running and management,it could greatly improve the efficiency of pumping station. Small and medium-sized electric power pumping stations were taking on farmland irrigation、urban water supply、drainage and so on. Consequently it should designe an integrate automation system which adapted to the small and medium-sized electric power pumping stations, it was an important task in the building of modern pumping stations.
The thesis makes bin county ju-ren centrifugal type electric power irrigation and drainage station as the research object, based on analyzing domestic and foreign pumping station integrated automation system systematically, it accomplishes the whole project analysis and realized design of the integrated automation system which consisted by the pump on-off control、overcurrent protection、optimizing operation、dynamic automatic control of the pressuring head gate.
The whole system consists two part: host computer designing and hypogyny computer designing. The hypogyny computer uses the AT89C52 single-chip processor as the control core of the system. It designs the sampling circuit、A/D transition circuit and the RS-485 communication circuit. Through the relay controlling the AC contactor which realized the control of the starting and stopping of electromotor. The software of hypogyny computer uses C51 language as developing control software of single-chip processor,it developed automatic regulation of the gate、the starting program of water pump unit and communication program etc.The host computer control management system is consistsed by the control main window module、on-line monitor module、history data enquire module and alarm module and so on. It uses the Visual Basic language to develope,mainly accomplishing communication with the hypogyny computer,namely it sents control order to the hypogyny computer and receiving,displaying and storaging the data which single-chip processor collected. And using principle of fuzzy control to research in the optimized control of water pump unit, it provides the reference to pumping station economical operation. In the whole design, hardware and software all use the anti interference technology, it makes the design running stably.
In order to verifying the design circuit and the control program, which is presented in this thesis, the analog experiment was performed based on the laboratory condition. It shows that the control unit of the pumping station integrated automation system can act according to the
本课题以宾县居仁离心式电力排灌站为研究对象,在系统分析国内外电力泵站综合自动化系统的基础上,完成了包括泵的起停控制、过流保护、优化运行、有压进水闸门的动态自动控制等多项功能在内的系统总体方案的研究与设计。
整个控制系统的设计可以分为两部分:上位机的设计和下位机的设计。下位机采用AT89C52单片机作为系统的控制核心,设计了采样电路、A/D转换电路及RS-485通信电路等硬件电路,通过继电器控制交流接触器来实现电动机的起动与停止控制。下位机的软件利用C51语言作为开发单片机的控制软件,开发了闸门自动调节、水泵机组起停及通信等程序。上位机控制管理系统共有控制主窗口模块、在线监测模块、历史数据查询模块、报警模块等部分组成,利用Visual Basic语言开发,主要完成与下位机系统的通信即对下位机发出控制命令和对单片机采集到的数据进行接收、显示、存储等功能。同时又利用模糊控制原理对水泵机组的工作台数进行了优化控制的研究,为泵站经济运行提供了依据。在整个设计中,硬件和软件部分都运用了抗干扰技术,使设计的系统性能稳定。
为了验证设计电路和控制程序是否正确,利用实验室现有条件,进行了模拟实验。通过模拟实验表明,本研究设计的泵站综合自动化系统控制单元均能够按要求动作,在电动机的电流过大时,保护能及时动作,切断电源;控制单元在水位变化时能够及时调节闸门的开启角度,使水位维持在安全范围内。
Pumping station integrated automation system was a system which integrates control、protection、running and management,it could greatly improve the efficiency of pumping station. Small and medium-sized electric power pumping stations were taking on farmland irrigation、urban water supply、drainage and so on. Consequently it should designe an integrate automation system which adapted to the small and medium-sized electric power pumping stations, it was an important task in the building of modern pumping stations.
The thesis makes bin county ju-ren centrifugal type electric power irrigation and drainage station as the research object, based on analyzing domestic and foreign pumping station integrated automation system systematically, it accomplishes the whole project analysis and realized design of the integrated automation system which consisted by the pump on-off control、overcurrent protection、optimizing operation、dynamic automatic control of the pressuring head gate.
The whole system consists two part: host computer designing and hypogyny computer designing. The hypogyny computer uses the AT89C52 single-chip processor as the control core of the system. It designs the sampling circuit、A/D transition circuit and the RS-485 communication circuit. Through the relay controlling the AC contactor which realized the control of the starting and stopping of electromotor. The software of hypogyny computer uses C51 language as developing control software of single-chip processor,it developed automatic regulation of the gate、the starting program of water pump unit and communication program etc.The host computer control management system is consistsed by the control main window module、on-line monitor module、history data enquire module and alarm module and so on. It uses the Visual Basic language to develope,mainly accomplishing communication with the hypogyny computer,namely it sents control order to the hypogyny computer and receiving,displaying and storaging the data which single-chip processor collected. And using principle of fuzzy control to research in the optimized control of water pump unit, it provides the reference to pumping station economical operation. In the whole design, hardware and software all use the anti interference technology, it makes the design running stably.
In order to verifying the design circuit and the control program, which is presented in this thesis, the analog experiment was performed based on the laboratory condition. It shows that the control unit of the pumping station integrated automation system can act according to the
引文
陈坚,张雷.2005.国外泵站发展及运行管理情况综述. http://info.pv.hc360.com/2005/05/18181124.shtml
陈治军.2004.柯克亚长输首站循环水泵集散监控系统.西南石油学院学位论文.14~15
陈新望.1999.MSComm 控件实现中文 Win 9x 下的通信,《电子与电脑》,(2):120~124
丁强,陈小梅.2000.关于泵站监控系统的研究.水利水文自动化.(3):11~14
杜祥岭,于铁利.2000.PLC 实现的分散式通信电源集中监控系统.辽宁工学院学报.(5):26~28
范逸之,陈立元.2002.Visual Basic 与 RS-232 串行通信控制(最新版).清华大学出版社,54~110
冯广志.2005.泵站改造.中国水利水电出版社,353~397
韩峻峰,李玉惠.2003.模糊控制技术.重庆大学出版社,30~31
胡晓军.2003.水泵及水泵站.中国水利水电出版社
黄益庄.2000.变电站综合自动化技术.中国电力出版社,1~3,121~123
李冬梅.2002.国内外液位计量仪表技术发展动向.仪器仪表用户.(3):5~7
李二平,王业宇, 陈寅.2002.泵站综合自动化技术探讨.排灌机械.20(1):19~22
刘家春,李少华,周艳坤.2003.泵站管理技术.中国水利水电出版社
刘守义.2002.单片机应用技术.西安电子科技大学出版社,231~232
栾鸿儒.1993.水泵及水泵站.水利水电出版社.1~8
马忠梅,籍顺心,张凯.1999.单片的 C 语言应用程序设计.北京航空航天出版社,34~45
梅丽凤,王艳秋,汪毓铎.2004.单片机原理及接口技术.清华大学出版社,249~251
孟祥忠,王玉彬,张秀娟.2004.变电站微机监控与保护技术.中国电力出版社,6~7
欧阳斌林,刘立山,蒋文科等.2001.单片机原理及应用.中国水利水电出版社
潘咸昂.1989.泵站辅机与自动化.中国水利水电出版社
邱传忻.2001.泵站工程.武汉大学出版社
求是科技.2005.单片机通信技术与工程实践.人民邮电出版社,231~236
求是科技.2003.Visual Basic 串口通信工程开发实例导航.人民邮电出版社,1~49
邵裕森,巴晓云.2000.过程控制系统及仪表.机械工业出版社
宋培义,刘立新.1999.单片微机原理、接口技术及应用.中国广播电视出版社, 149~151
孙宝元,杨宝清.2004.传感器及其应用手册.机械工业出版社.132~134
孙增圻,张再兴,邓志东.2003.智能控制理论与技术.清华大学出版社,广西科学技术出版社,17~18
锁小军.2000.乌牛泵站监控系统的开发与研究.西安理工大学硕士学位论文
唐鸿儒,陈虹,刘丽君等.1999.泵站计算机综合自动化系统设计要求研究.中国水利水电.(11):29~31
王桂英,李艳军.1999.电机学.东北大学出版社,150~152
王幸之.2000.单片机应用系统抗干扰技术.北京航空航天大出版社,43~47
王岩.2003.排水泵站的模糊逻辑控制.http://www.zgbfw.com
闻新,周露.2001.MATLAB 模糊逻辑工具箱的分析与运用.科学出版社,48~59
吴忠胜,丁元洲.2001.试论泵站自动化及其现实意义.山东水利.(1):44
杨伦标,高英仪.2000.模糊数学原理及应用.华南理工大学出版社,276~313
余永权,曾碧.1995.单片机模糊逻辑控制.北京航空航天大学出版社,1~4
曾琦主编,1998.Visual Basic 6.0 编程实例与技巧.中国水利水电出版社
张培仁,孙占辉,张欣等.2003.基于 C 语言编程 MCS-51 单片机原理与应用.清华大学出版社,41~42
张毅刚.2003.新编 MCS-51 单片机应用设计.哈尔滨工业大学出版社,260~261
张勇传.1998.水电站经济运行原理.中国水利水电出版社
张曾科.1997.模糊数学在自动化技术中的应用.清华大学出版社
赵光亮.2004.泵站监控及优化调度研究.河海大学硕士学位论文
钟震,沈日迈.1998.国内外泵站监控自动化技术设备现状与发展.中国农村水利水电.(2):18~20
朱鹰屏.2005.现代大型泵站综合自动化系统的关键技术研究.湖南大学硕士学位论文
诸静.2005.模糊控制原理及应用.机械工业出版社.306~322
Mamdani E H,1974. Application of Fuzzy Algorithms for Simple Dynamic Plant. Proc. IEEE.121(12) 1585~1588
Winemiller E., Roff J., Herman B., Groom R.. 1999.Visual Basic 6. 0 数据库开发[美],清华大学出版社
Zadeh L A.1992.A Rationale for Fuzzy Control. Trans.ASME J.Dynamic System Measure Control.74:3~4
Marek Hartman,Eugeniusz Lowiec,Piotr Boguslawski.2002.Water pumping stations remote control system in depression areas based GSM -900 cellular communications system..TCSET.291~293
Yagi S.,Shiba S..1999.Application of genetic algorithms and fuzzy control to a combined sewer pumping station.Water Science and Technology.(39)9:217~224
Manfred Schuetze,Jens Alex.2003.Advanced pumping station control for RTC of sewer systems.First Joint Conference IAHR-IWA on Pumps(2):887-894
Microchip Technology Inc.2001.PIC16F87X 数据手册——20/40 脚 8 位 FLASH 单片机.刘和平,黄开长,潘伟峰译.第 1 版.北京航空航天大学出版社,69~70
RS-485.RS-422 and RS-485 Application Note .B&B Electronics Mfg .Co.Inc.1997 Chang S S,Zadeh L A.1979.Fuzzy Mapping and Control.IEEE Trans On SMC.15(1):15~30
陈治军.2004.柯克亚长输首站循环水泵集散监控系统.西南石油学院学位论文.14~15
陈新望.1999.MSComm 控件实现中文 Win 9x 下的通信,《电子与电脑》,(2):120~124
丁强,陈小梅.2000.关于泵站监控系统的研究.水利水文自动化.(3):11~14
杜祥岭,于铁利.2000.PLC 实现的分散式通信电源集中监控系统.辽宁工学院学报.(5):26~28
范逸之,陈立元.2002.Visual Basic 与 RS-232 串行通信控制(最新版).清华大学出版社,54~110
冯广志.2005.泵站改造.中国水利水电出版社,353~397
韩峻峰,李玉惠.2003.模糊控制技术.重庆大学出版社,30~31
胡晓军.2003.水泵及水泵站.中国水利水电出版社
黄益庄.2000.变电站综合自动化技术.中国电力出版社,1~3,121~123
李冬梅.2002.国内外液位计量仪表技术发展动向.仪器仪表用户.(3):5~7
李二平,王业宇, 陈寅.2002.泵站综合自动化技术探讨.排灌机械.20(1):19~22
刘家春,李少华,周艳坤.2003.泵站管理技术.中国水利水电出版社
刘守义.2002.单片机应用技术.西安电子科技大学出版社,231~232
栾鸿儒.1993.水泵及水泵站.水利水电出版社.1~8
马忠梅,籍顺心,张凯.1999.单片的 C 语言应用程序设计.北京航空航天出版社,34~45
梅丽凤,王艳秋,汪毓铎.2004.单片机原理及接口技术.清华大学出版社,249~251
孟祥忠,王玉彬,张秀娟.2004.变电站微机监控与保护技术.中国电力出版社,6~7
欧阳斌林,刘立山,蒋文科等.2001.单片机原理及应用.中国水利水电出版社
潘咸昂.1989.泵站辅机与自动化.中国水利水电出版社
邱传忻.2001.泵站工程.武汉大学出版社
求是科技.2005.单片机通信技术与工程实践.人民邮电出版社,231~236
求是科技.2003.Visual Basic 串口通信工程开发实例导航.人民邮电出版社,1~49
邵裕森,巴晓云.2000.过程控制系统及仪表.机械工业出版社
宋培义,刘立新.1999.单片微机原理、接口技术及应用.中国广播电视出版社, 149~151
孙宝元,杨宝清.2004.传感器及其应用手册.机械工业出版社.132~134
孙增圻,张再兴,邓志东.2003.智能控制理论与技术.清华大学出版社,广西科学技术出版社,17~18
锁小军.2000.乌牛泵站监控系统的开发与研究.西安理工大学硕士学位论文
唐鸿儒,陈虹,刘丽君等.1999.泵站计算机综合自动化系统设计要求研究.中国水利水电.(11):29~31
王桂英,李艳军.1999.电机学.东北大学出版社,150~152
王幸之.2000.单片机应用系统抗干扰技术.北京航空航天大出版社,43~47
王岩.2003.排水泵站的模糊逻辑控制.http://www.zgbfw.com
闻新,周露.2001.MATLAB 模糊逻辑工具箱的分析与运用.科学出版社,48~59
吴忠胜,丁元洲.2001.试论泵站自动化及其现实意义.山东水利.(1):44
杨伦标,高英仪.2000.模糊数学原理及应用.华南理工大学出版社,276~313
余永权,曾碧.1995.单片机模糊逻辑控制.北京航空航天大学出版社,1~4
曾琦主编,1998.Visual Basic 6.0 编程实例与技巧.中国水利水电出版社
张培仁,孙占辉,张欣等.2003.基于 C 语言编程 MCS-51 单片机原理与应用.清华大学出版社,41~42
张毅刚.2003.新编 MCS-51 单片机应用设计.哈尔滨工业大学出版社,260~261
张勇传.1998.水电站经济运行原理.中国水利水电出版社
张曾科.1997.模糊数学在自动化技术中的应用.清华大学出版社
赵光亮.2004.泵站监控及优化调度研究.河海大学硕士学位论文
钟震,沈日迈.1998.国内外泵站监控自动化技术设备现状与发展.中国农村水利水电.(2):18~20
朱鹰屏.2005.现代大型泵站综合自动化系统的关键技术研究.湖南大学硕士学位论文
诸静.2005.模糊控制原理及应用.机械工业出版社.306~322
Mamdani E H,1974. Application of Fuzzy Algorithms for Simple Dynamic Plant. Proc. IEEE.121(12) 1585~1588
Winemiller E., Roff J., Herman B., Groom R.. 1999.Visual Basic 6. 0 数据库开发[美],清华大学出版社
Zadeh L A.1992.A Rationale for Fuzzy Control. Trans.ASME J.Dynamic System Measure Control.74:3~4
Marek Hartman,Eugeniusz Lowiec,Piotr Boguslawski.2002.Water pumping stations remote control system in depression areas based GSM -900 cellular communications system..TCSET.291~293
Yagi S.,Shiba S..1999.Application of genetic algorithms and fuzzy control to a combined sewer pumping station.Water Science and Technology.(39)9:217~224
Manfred Schuetze,Jens Alex.2003.Advanced pumping station control for RTC of sewer systems.First Joint Conference IAHR-IWA on Pumps(2):887-894
Microchip Technology Inc.2001.PIC16F87X 数据手册——20/40 脚 8 位 FLASH 单片机.刘和平,黄开长,潘伟峰译.第 1 版.北京航空航天大学出版社,69~70
RS-485.RS-422 and RS-485 Application Note .B&B Electronics Mfg .Co.Inc.1997 Chang S S,Zadeh L A.1979.Fuzzy Mapping and Control.IEEE Trans On SMC.15(1):15~30