企业策略行为与国际贸易摩擦的形成机理及治理路径
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摘要
国际贸易摩擦是经济全球化和贸易自由化的重大障碍,在世界经济一体化步伐不断推进的当今,已成为经济发展中的不和谐音符,故而对于贸易摩擦的研究意义重大。纵观国内外贸易摩擦现有文献,大都从国家层面进行深入浅出的分析,从微观企业视角进行探索则是一个新的方向和趋势。而实际上,贸易摩擦背后的推动力大多是企业的利益和行为;同时随着企业跨国经营和跨国公司的发展,企业正日益成为国际贸易和投资行为中的主体,贸易摩擦更多表现为跨国企业之间的竞争和争端在国家和政府层面的表现。本文正是基于这样的背景,从微观企业角度对国际贸易摩擦的形成进行了重新审视和研究,从理论和实证两个方面分析和证明企业策略行为引起贸易摩擦的过程及机理。论文共分7章。
第1章是导论,介绍论文的研究背景、目的和意义,以及论文的研究方法与创新点。指出从微观企业层面对贸易摩擦进行分析是论文的主要创新。
第2章是国际贸易摩擦的文献综述,以研究方法的不同进行分类,分别从贸易摩擦的古典分析,贸易摩擦的政治经济学分析,战略性贸易政策与贸易摩擦,微观企业视角贸易摩擦分析等方面对现有国内外文献进行了系统梳理。
第3章分析当前国际贸易摩擦的现状和发展趋势以及我国遭遇国际贸易摩擦的有关情况,指出贸易自由化并没有消除贸易摩擦,而企业正日益成为摩擦中的主体力量和根本原因;近年我国遭遇的贸易摩擦则有愈演愈烈之势。
第4章从理论上对企业策略行为引起贸易摩擦的机理进行了分析,建立三个相互关联的模型逐步深入地探究了企业游说和非市场策略引起贸易摩擦的过程。模型一是一个典型的贸易摩擦政治经济学框架,以此作为理论基础;模型二通过一个扩展的政治经济模型推导企业行为引起贸易摩擦的过程;模型三从一个双寡头模型演绎企业非市场策略和贸易摩擦形成之间的机理。
第5章从实证上给出了企业行为引起贸易摩擦的案例证据,针对理论部分的不同模型,建立了与之对应的四个不同案例。案例一的中美贸易政策博弈是从一般政治经济学分析角度验证企业政治捐赠等行为如何影响了政府的政策制定;案例二的美欧香蕉贸易摩擦,则从把美欧政府作为香蕉企业的代言人角度来剖析贸易摩擦的产生原因及企业在其中的作用;案例三和四的“柯达”与“富士”以及“波音”与“空中客车”则从企业竞争策略行为中的非市场策略引发贸易摩擦这个角度来分析验证。
第6章分析上述理论和实证的结论对于企业和政府的政策启示。内容包括对从企业层面解决国际贸易摩擦的可行性与实际效果的分析;上述结论对于企业以及政府的政策启示;以及对于我国国际贸易摩擦治理路径的启示。
第7章总结,综述全文结论,并指出了未来的研究思路和方向。
As a key obstacle to economic globalization and trade freedom, international trade frictions have been becoming an unharmonious factor in the course of world economic integration. Thus it is important and necessary to make a comprehensive study on trade frictions. And most of current study on trade frictions are made from the angle of governmental behavior instead of enterprise behavior.While, the propelling force behind trade frictions are acturally based on the interest and behavior of enterprises .Also with the rapid development of multinational investment, trade frictions are more and more originating from enterprises themselves. Based on such background, in this paper the author will focus on the angle of micro-enterprise behavior to make a new study of trade frictions, analyzing the process and mechanism in which the strategic behavior of enterprises have caused trade fritions. This paper consists of seven chapters as below.
The first chapter is the introduction of this article, including the background、purpose、the research method, pointing out that it is a new attempt to discuss trade frictions from the micro-enterprise angle.
The second chapter is a comprehensive review of the current researches related to trade frictions.It is classified in terms of the different research perspective, which are classical analysis、political economics、strategic trade policy as well as micro-enterprises respectively.
The third chapter will discuss the current features and potential tendency of trade frictions, mainly introducing the trade frictions situation our country is today facing.
The forth chapter will theoretically analyse the mechanism, in which the strategic behavior of enterprises will cause trade fritions. Three correlated models will be established in this chapter. The first one is a typical framework of political economics analysis ; The second is an expanded model of political economics analysis, stating the process of enterprise behavior causing trade fritions;The third one is a bi-oligarchy model analyzing the mechanism of non-market strategy of enterprises causing trade frictions.
The fifth chaper will empirically discuss the actural evidence of enterprise behavior causing trade frictions in four different cases, which are equivalent to models above discussed.The first case shows how the enterprise donation behavior affect the governmental policy-making; The second case shows how the trade frictions appear as a result of government acting as the spokesman of enterprises; The third and forth case show how the non-market strategy has caused trade frictions.
The sixth chapter will conclude some enlightenment from above analysis. There are mainly three aspects. The first will discuss the feasibility and adaptbility of sloving trade frictions issue from the enterprises level; The second will discuss the counter-measures government and enterprises can adopt respectively; The third will analyze the pathway of how China will handle with trade fritions.
The last chapter will be the conclusion of the whole paper.
第1章是导论,介绍论文的研究背景、目的和意义,以及论文的研究方法与创新点。指出从微观企业层面对贸易摩擦进行分析是论文的主要创新。
第2章是国际贸易摩擦的文献综述,以研究方法的不同进行分类,分别从贸易摩擦的古典分析,贸易摩擦的政治经济学分析,战略性贸易政策与贸易摩擦,微观企业视角贸易摩擦分析等方面对现有国内外文献进行了系统梳理。
第3章分析当前国际贸易摩擦的现状和发展趋势以及我国遭遇国际贸易摩擦的有关情况,指出贸易自由化并没有消除贸易摩擦,而企业正日益成为摩擦中的主体力量和根本原因;近年我国遭遇的贸易摩擦则有愈演愈烈之势。
第4章从理论上对企业策略行为引起贸易摩擦的机理进行了分析,建立三个相互关联的模型逐步深入地探究了企业游说和非市场策略引起贸易摩擦的过程。模型一是一个典型的贸易摩擦政治经济学框架,以此作为理论基础;模型二通过一个扩展的政治经济模型推导企业行为引起贸易摩擦的过程;模型三从一个双寡头模型演绎企业非市场策略和贸易摩擦形成之间的机理。
第5章从实证上给出了企业行为引起贸易摩擦的案例证据,针对理论部分的不同模型,建立了与之对应的四个不同案例。案例一的中美贸易政策博弈是从一般政治经济学分析角度验证企业政治捐赠等行为如何影响了政府的政策制定;案例二的美欧香蕉贸易摩擦,则从把美欧政府作为香蕉企业的代言人角度来剖析贸易摩擦的产生原因及企业在其中的作用;案例三和四的“柯达”与“富士”以及“波音”与“空中客车”则从企业竞争策略行为中的非市场策略引发贸易摩擦这个角度来分析验证。
第6章分析上述理论和实证的结论对于企业和政府的政策启示。内容包括对从企业层面解决国际贸易摩擦的可行性与实际效果的分析;上述结论对于企业以及政府的政策启示;以及对于我国国际贸易摩擦治理路径的启示。
第7章总结,综述全文结论,并指出了未来的研究思路和方向。
As a key obstacle to economic globalization and trade freedom, international trade frictions have been becoming an unharmonious factor in the course of world economic integration. Thus it is important and necessary to make a comprehensive study on trade frictions. And most of current study on trade frictions are made from the angle of governmental behavior instead of enterprise behavior.While, the propelling force behind trade frictions are acturally based on the interest and behavior of enterprises .Also with the rapid development of multinational investment, trade frictions are more and more originating from enterprises themselves. Based on such background, in this paper the author will focus on the angle of micro-enterprise behavior to make a new study of trade frictions, analyzing the process and mechanism in which the strategic behavior of enterprises have caused trade fritions. This paper consists of seven chapters as below.
The first chapter is the introduction of this article, including the background、purpose、the research method, pointing out that it is a new attempt to discuss trade frictions from the micro-enterprise angle.
The second chapter is a comprehensive review of the current researches related to trade frictions.It is classified in terms of the different research perspective, which are classical analysis、political economics、strategic trade policy as well as micro-enterprises respectively.
The third chapter will discuss the current features and potential tendency of trade frictions, mainly introducing the trade frictions situation our country is today facing.
The forth chapter will theoretically analyse the mechanism, in which the strategic behavior of enterprises will cause trade fritions. Three correlated models will be established in this chapter. The first one is a typical framework of political economics analysis ; The second is an expanded model of political economics analysis, stating the process of enterprise behavior causing trade fritions;The third one is a bi-oligarchy model analyzing the mechanism of non-market strategy of enterprises causing trade frictions.
The fifth chaper will empirically discuss the actural evidence of enterprise behavior causing trade frictions in four different cases, which are equivalent to models above discussed.The first case shows how the enterprise donation behavior affect the governmental policy-making; The second case shows how the trade frictions appear as a result of government acting as the spokesman of enterprises; The third and forth case show how the non-market strategy has caused trade frictions.
The sixth chapter will conclude some enlightenment from above analysis. There are mainly three aspects. The first will discuss the feasibility and adaptbility of sloving trade frictions issue from the enterprises level; The second will discuss the counter-measures government and enterprises can adopt respectively; The third will analyze the pathway of how China will handle with trade fritions.
The last chapter will be the conclusion of the whole paper.
引文
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