呼和浩特市河流环境质量评价与水环境容量研究
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摘要
水环境质量评价和水环境容量研究是河流污染控制和达到水环境功能目标的重要基础依据。本文通过对呼和浩特市河流水系自2002年至2007年进行水质监测分析及相关数据统计整理,得到了黄河、大黑河、小黑河、浑河、什拉乌素河、西河的污染指标年度变化趋势。同时通过单项污染指数法、综合污染指数法及相应的污染指标贡献度对监测数据进行评价,得到了各河流的主要污染因子和丰、枯水期的水质评价结果。通过进行呼和浩特市河流水文资料和沿河污染源调查,利用相应模型计算,从而得到了呼和浩特市各河流的环境容量及削减量、削减率。进一步明确了呼和浩特市河流污染现状,为呼和浩特市河流污染控制提供了重要的基础依据,也为使呼和浩特市河流达到相应的水环境功能目标提供了明确的数据支持。
Study on water environmental capacity and water environmental quality assessment are the important data base for river pollution control and reached water environmental function target.The author monitors the water quality of Huhhot's rivers to analyses the current water from 2002-2007.Based on the results,the annual variation tendencies of pollution index in the Yellow River,DaHei river,XiaoHei river,Hun river,ShiLaWuSu river and Xi river was obtained.The individual pollution index,the composite pollution index and contributing degree of pollution index were used to research the main pollution factors of each river and the water quality evaluation result of plentiful water period and dry period.Water environmental capacity of rivers,reduction amount and reduction rate was obtained by Investigation on hydrology and pollution source and Water Quality Model Calculation.The paper further makes clear the Pollution Status of Huhhot's rivers.The results obtained provide the basis for river pollution control.The paper provided data support for reach the target of water environmental function blocks.
Study on water environmental capacity and water environmental quality assessment are the important data base for river pollution control and reached water environmental function target.The author monitors the water quality of Huhhot's rivers to analyses the current water from 2002-2007.Based on the results,the annual variation tendencies of pollution index in the Yellow River,DaHei river,XiaoHei river,Hun river,ShiLaWuSu river and Xi river was obtained.The individual pollution index,the composite pollution index and contributing degree of pollution index were used to research the main pollution factors of each river and the water quality evaluation result of plentiful water period and dry period.Water environmental capacity of rivers,reduction amount and reduction rate was obtained by Investigation on hydrology and pollution source and Water Quality Model Calculation.The paper further makes clear the Pollution Status of Huhhot's rivers.The results obtained provide the basis for river pollution control.The paper provided data support for reach the target of water environmental function blocks.
引文
[1]刘瑞峰.大汶河流域水环境的变化特征及其对南水北调东线工程的影响评价[D].山东科技大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[2]毛文永.生态环境影响评价概论[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004.
[3]金栋梁.水环境评价概述[J].水资源研究,2006,(27):393-399.
[4]刘新铭.丹河流域水环境模糊评价与容量研究[D].南京理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[5]左玉辉.环境学[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2001,107-144.
[6]国家环境保护总局环境工程评估中心编.环境影响评价技术方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2006,201-209.
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[9]魏复盛.水和废水监测分析方法(第四版)[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002,440-453.
[10]王素娜.曹娥江支流水质评价与河流水系环境容量分析[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[11]朴栋海.图们江流域(中国一侧)地表水资源质量调查评价[D].延边大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[12]Grossman,G.M.,Krueger,A.B..Economic growth and the environment[J].Quaterly Journal of Economies,1995,110(2):353-377.
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[14]何德进.关于水环境影响评价中几个问题的探讨[J].治淮,2003,(3):18-19.
[15]Herbert L.Brodie,Royden N.Powell,Ⅲ.Agrieultural non-point source water pollution control voluntary program in Maryland,Animal Waste and the Landweter Interface[M].Edited by Knenth Steele,Boca Rotten,Florida:Lewis Publishers,1995,449-457.
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[17]Loucks D.P Sustainability criteria for water resources system[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1999.
[18]Anderberg,S.,Stigliani,W.M.Integrated approach for identifying sources of pollution:The example of cadmium pollution in the Rhine river basin[J].Water Sci Technol,1994,29(3):61-67.
[19]常玉军,常巍.呼和浩特市地表水水质变化趋势分析[J].内蒙古环境科学,2007,(2):102-105.
[20]郭媛芹.呼和浩特市西河水质污染现状分析及治理方案探讨[J].内蒙古环境保护,1995,(2):8-10.
[21]张建军.黄河重点河段水环境承载能力及其合理利用[J].水资源保护,2006,(5):48-52.
[22]郝云,尚晓成,李明.黄河流域水体功能区划概况[J].水资源保护,2001,(1):36-40.
[23]李玉洪,尚晓成.黄河干流纳污量现状及其变化分析[J].水资源保护,2001,(1):41-44.
[24]US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.HEC-2 Water Surface Profiles,User's Manual[M].l.reved.Califomia:Davis,1991.
[25]Gill,G.,Bloom,N.S.,etc.Sediment-water fluxes of mercury in the Lavaca Bay[J].Texas,Envionmental Science and Technology,1999,(33):663-669.
[26]黄文钰,舒金华,许朋柱.长江三角洲渔业水环境现状评价[J].贵州环保科技, 2000,(4):9-13.
[27]秦军,仇士萍.柳江河柳州市区河段水环境质量变化趋势及环境保护对策[A].见:中国环境科学学会,中国环境科学学会学术年会优秀论文集[C],北京:中国环境科学出版社,2006,883-886.
[28]陈静,王学军,牟全君等.苍南县流域水环境评价及污染防治对策[J].长江流域资源与环境,2004,374-379.
[29]郝振军,陈志彪,候炳江.鹤岗市地下水环境评价[J].黑龙江水利科技,2005,(3):31-32.
[30]刘晓云.汉江武汉段水质评估[A].见:中国环境科学学会,中国环境保护优秀论文集[C],北京:中国环境科学出版社,2005,816-818.
[31]Thomann R.V.,Sobel M.S..Estuatine Water Quality Management and Forecasting[J].Jounann of Sanitary Engineering Division,ASCE,1964,89(SA5):9-36.
[32]程声通.河流环境容量与允许排放量[J].水资源保护,2003,(2):8-9.
[33]吴舜泽.全国地表水环境容量核定技术复核大纲[EB/OL].(2004.6.1)[2007.10.5].http://www.caep.org.cn/uploadfile/shuifuhe.ppt.
[34]水环境研究课题组.水环境容量研究[A],见:中国环境科学学会,第二届环境科学学术报告会议文集[C],北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002,(22):473-477.
[35]丁海容.拉萨市城区段水环境污染总量控制研究[D].四川大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[36]陆书玉.环境影响评价[M].北京:高等教育出版社,200l,42-52.
[37]陈踊.京杭运河江苏段水环境质量时空变异研究[D].南京师范大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[38]黄昌发.上海市城郊结合部河道水环境研究和整治对策-以普陀区为例[D].华东师范大学博士论文,2001.
[39]蒋步新.长春市地表水环境容量核定研究初探[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[40]Bresler E.Simultaneous transport of solute and water under transient unsaturated flow eonditions[J].Water Resour.Res.,1973,9(4):975-986.
[41]Hernz-Christian Banmgart,ete.Managing the Lower Lippe[J].Water Quality Internation,1999,10(1):46-51
[42]赵庆良.开封市河流水质变化趋势与水环境容量研究[D].河南大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[43]刘培哲.水环境容量研究的理论和实践[A].见:中国环境科学学会,环境科学论文集[C],北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990,8-20.
[44]Somlyody L,Henze M,Koncsos L,etc.River quality modelling:II1.future of the art.[J].Water Science and Technology,1998,38(Ⅱ):253-260.
[45]陈沛云.黄河干流河南段水环境容量与水污染防治对策研究[D].河南大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[46]陈家军,于艳新,李森.QUAL2E模型在呼和浩特市水质模拟中的应用[J].水资源保护,2004,(2):1-4.
[47]Tredoux G.,King P.and Cave L.Managing urban wastewater for maximizeing water resource utilizeation[J].Wat.Sei.teeh,1999,39(10):353-356.
[48]Loueks D.P.,Revelle C.S.,and Lynn W.R..Management models for water quality control[J].Management Science,1967,14(4):166-181.
[49]陆海平,安慧君,张韬.遥感技术在呼和浩特市地表水污染调查中应用[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2000,(3):72-75.
[50]司全印,高榕.水环境容量的测算方法[J].水资源保护,2006,(1):6-7.
[51]朱明勇,宁龙梅,王学雷.洪湖水环境承载力初步研究[J],水资源与水工程学报,2007,(6):4-6.
[2]毛文永.生态环境影响评价概论[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004.
[3]金栋梁.水环境评价概述[J].水资源研究,2006,(27):393-399.
[4]刘新铭.丹河流域水环境模糊评价与容量研究[D].南京理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[5]左玉辉.环境学[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2001,107-144.
[6]国家环境保护总局环境工程评估中心编.环境影响评价技术方法[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2006,201-209.
[7]国家环境保护总局,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB3838-2002,中华人民共和国地面水环境质量标准[S],北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[8]国家环境保护总局,中国环境科学研究院.总量控制技术手册[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990,48-49.
[9]魏复盛.水和废水监测分析方法(第四版)[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002,440-453.
[10]王素娜.曹娥江支流水质评价与河流水系环境容量分析[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[11]朴栋海.图们江流域(中国一侧)地表水资源质量调查评价[D].延边大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[12]Grossman,G.M.,Krueger,A.B..Economic growth and the environment[J].Quaterly Journal of Economies,1995,110(2):353-377.
[13]黄英.云南省水环境状况及问题分析[A].见:中国水利学会水资源专业委员会,中国水利学会2002学术年会论文集[C],北京:中国水利水电出版社,2002,397-400.
[14]何德进.关于水环境影响评价中几个问题的探讨[J].治淮,2003,(3):18-19.
[15]Herbert L.Brodie,Royden N.Powell,Ⅲ.Agrieultural non-point source water pollution control voluntary program in Maryland,Animal Waste and the Landweter Interface[M].Edited by Knenth Steele,Boca Rotten,Florida:Lewis Publishers,1995,449-457.
[16]石宏奎,韩冬青.1986-2003年呼和浩特市河流水质演化分析[J].内蒙古环境科学,2007,(2):99-101.
[17]Loucks D.P Sustainability criteria for water resources system[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1999.
[18]Anderberg,S.,Stigliani,W.M.Integrated approach for identifying sources of pollution:The example of cadmium pollution in the Rhine river basin[J].Water Sci Technol,1994,29(3):61-67.
[19]常玉军,常巍.呼和浩特市地表水水质变化趋势分析[J].内蒙古环境科学,2007,(2):102-105.
[20]郭媛芹.呼和浩特市西河水质污染现状分析及治理方案探讨[J].内蒙古环境保护,1995,(2):8-10.
[21]张建军.黄河重点河段水环境承载能力及其合理利用[J].水资源保护,2006,(5):48-52.
[22]郝云,尚晓成,李明.黄河流域水体功能区划概况[J].水资源保护,2001,(1):36-40.
[23]李玉洪,尚晓成.黄河干流纳污量现状及其变化分析[J].水资源保护,2001,(1):41-44.
[24]US Army Corps of Engineers,Hydrologic Engineering Center.HEC-2 Water Surface Profiles,User's Manual[M].l.reved.Califomia:Davis,1991.
[25]Gill,G.,Bloom,N.S.,etc.Sediment-water fluxes of mercury in the Lavaca Bay[J].Texas,Envionmental Science and Technology,1999,(33):663-669.
[26]黄文钰,舒金华,许朋柱.长江三角洲渔业水环境现状评价[J].贵州环保科技, 2000,(4):9-13.
[27]秦军,仇士萍.柳江河柳州市区河段水环境质量变化趋势及环境保护对策[A].见:中国环境科学学会,中国环境科学学会学术年会优秀论文集[C],北京:中国环境科学出版社,2006,883-886.
[28]陈静,王学军,牟全君等.苍南县流域水环境评价及污染防治对策[J].长江流域资源与环境,2004,374-379.
[29]郝振军,陈志彪,候炳江.鹤岗市地下水环境评价[J].黑龙江水利科技,2005,(3):31-32.
[30]刘晓云.汉江武汉段水质评估[A].见:中国环境科学学会,中国环境保护优秀论文集[C],北京:中国环境科学出版社,2005,816-818.
[31]Thomann R.V.,Sobel M.S..Estuatine Water Quality Management and Forecasting[J].Jounann of Sanitary Engineering Division,ASCE,1964,89(SA5):9-36.
[32]程声通.河流环境容量与允许排放量[J].水资源保护,2003,(2):8-9.
[33]吴舜泽.全国地表水环境容量核定技术复核大纲[EB/OL].(2004.6.1)[2007.10.5].http://www.caep.org.cn/uploadfile/shuifuhe.ppt.
[34]水环境研究课题组.水环境容量研究[A],见:中国环境科学学会,第二届环境科学学术报告会议文集[C],北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002,(22):473-477.
[35]丁海容.拉萨市城区段水环境污染总量控制研究[D].四川大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[36]陆书玉.环境影响评价[M].北京:高等教育出版社,200l,42-52.
[37]陈踊.京杭运河江苏段水环境质量时空变异研究[D].南京师范大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[38]黄昌发.上海市城郊结合部河道水环境研究和整治对策-以普陀区为例[D].华东师范大学博士论文,2001.
[39]蒋步新.长春市地表水环境容量核定研究初探[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[40]Bresler E.Simultaneous transport of solute and water under transient unsaturated flow eonditions[J].Water Resour.Res.,1973,9(4):975-986.
[41]Hernz-Christian Banmgart,ete.Managing the Lower Lippe[J].Water Quality Internation,1999,10(1):46-51
[42]赵庆良.开封市河流水质变化趋势与水环境容量研究[D].河南大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[43]刘培哲.水环境容量研究的理论和实践[A].见:中国环境科学学会,环境科学论文集[C],北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990,8-20.
[44]Somlyody L,Henze M,Koncsos L,etc.River quality modelling:II1.future of the art.[J].Water Science and Technology,1998,38(Ⅱ):253-260.
[45]陈沛云.黄河干流河南段水环境容量与水污染防治对策研究[D].河南大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[46]陈家军,于艳新,李森.QUAL2E模型在呼和浩特市水质模拟中的应用[J].水资源保护,2004,(2):1-4.
[47]Tredoux G.,King P.and Cave L.Managing urban wastewater for maximizeing water resource utilizeation[J].Wat.Sei.teeh,1999,39(10):353-356.
[48]Loueks D.P.,Revelle C.S.,and Lynn W.R..Management models for water quality control[J].Management Science,1967,14(4):166-181.
[49]陆海平,安慧君,张韬.遥感技术在呼和浩特市地表水污染调查中应用[J].内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版),2000,(3):72-75.
[50]司全印,高榕.水环境容量的测算方法[J].水资源保护,2006,(1):6-7.
[51]朱明勇,宁龙梅,王学雷.洪湖水环境承载力初步研究[J],水资源与水工程学报,2007,(6):4-6.