湖南省旅游产业可持续发展研究
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摘要
自联合国世界环境发展大会在著名的布伦特兰报告中正式提出可持续发展的概念以来,“可持续发展”成为关注的焦点,并逐渐衍生到旅游产业研究中来。对湖南省旅游产业来说,维护湖南省旅游经济、环境、资源、文化的和谐统一是可持续发展的必然之路。理论上,本文在韩学伟旅游环境容量理论的基础上,结合实际,得出适合湖南省旅游产业评估的体系,为湖南省旅游产业可持续发展提供依据。实践上,本文将旅游环境容量评估体系运用到湖南省不同类型的旅游景区当中,运用湖南省旅游产业和谐发展的战略和方向,将促进旅游产业可持续发展的策略方法有机组合,合理运用。
本文的创新点在于一是将旅游环境容量理论和可持续发展理论糅合起来,一起运用于湖南省旅游产业的现实中,使理论紧密联系实际;二是按照湖南省旅游产业发展现状,完善旅游环境容量理论的指标体系,并将这些体系反过来评估湖南省旅游产业可持续发展存在的问题;三是在促进湖南省可持续发展的对策中,挖掘湖湘文化的内涵,树立湖湘特色鲜明的品牌形象,利用省内优秀传播媒体进行宣传。
本文主要包括五个部分的内容,第一部分为绪论,主要介绍了湖南省旅游产业可持续发展研究的背景、目的、意义、研究方法和研究内容。第二部分介绍了湖南省旅游产业萌芽、起步、发展、成熟的四个阶段,以及湖南省旅游产业的总体背景、政策、经济、资源和环境以及基础设施建设方面的发展现状。第三部分分别从旅游生态环境容量、旅游空间环境容量、旅游设施环境容量以及旅游区社会心理感应容量的指标、权重进行分析,得出各种类型的容量下,湖南省旅游产业可持续发展存在的问题。第四部分是基于旅游环境容量的理论,制定旅游品牌传播、旅游生态保护、旅游市场运作、旅游布局发展、旅游人才培养五大战略,为湖南省旅游产业的可持续发展提供正确的思路和方向。第五部分是按照上述五大战略的要求,从高效、协调、长远发展三个方面出发,制订合理的对策,推动各项战略的顺利开展,确保湖南省旅游产业的可持续发展。
Since the United Nations World Conference on environment and development formally proposed the concept of sustainable development in the famous Brundtland, around the world begin to study the theory and practice on this new view of development and gradually introduce to the tourism study. Promoting the sustainable development of tourism industry in Hunan Province, not only make tourism industry in Hunan Province become bigger and stronger, but also maintain tourism environment, resources, culture to ensure the future development of the tourism industry not to exhausted. Based on the theory of Tourism Environmental Capacity, according to the classification of tourism resources in Hunan Province, this paper assessed the tourism industry for a system with reality to provide the basis for sustainable development of tourism industry. In practice, this capacity will travel environment evaluation system applied to different types of tourist attractions in Hunan Province, through the policy to ensure implementation of strategies.
Innovations of this paper have three aspects, on the one hand, blended theoretical capacity of the tourism environment and sustainable development theory together, and made the theory closer to reality. On the other hand, improved the Tourism Environment Capacity index system and assessed sustainable development of tourism industry in Hunan Province Problems in turn. Last but not least, using the media publicity to establish distinctive brand of Hunan tourism which mining the meaning of Hunan culture deeply.
This article consisted of five parts of the content. The first part was an introduction which introduced the background, purpose, significance, research methods and contents of sustainable development of tourism industry in Hunan Province. The second part described the budding, starting, developing and maturing of tourism industry in Hunan Province as well as the general background, policy, economy, resources and environment of the tourism industry. The third part presented the problems of sustainable development based on the analysis of indicators and weight of the tourism environmental capacity respectively. The fourth part proposed five strategies which include brand communication, ecological protection, tourism marketing, tourism personnel training based on Tourism Environmental Capacity to provide the right ideas and direction for the sustainable development of tourism industry. The last part drew up rational strategies around the development of Efficient, coordinated and sustainable and the protection of the ecological balance to promote the smooth development of strategies and ensure the sustainable development of tourism industry in Hunan province.
本文的创新点在于一是将旅游环境容量理论和可持续发展理论糅合起来,一起运用于湖南省旅游产业的现实中,使理论紧密联系实际;二是按照湖南省旅游产业发展现状,完善旅游环境容量理论的指标体系,并将这些体系反过来评估湖南省旅游产业可持续发展存在的问题;三是在促进湖南省可持续发展的对策中,挖掘湖湘文化的内涵,树立湖湘特色鲜明的品牌形象,利用省内优秀传播媒体进行宣传。
本文主要包括五个部分的内容,第一部分为绪论,主要介绍了湖南省旅游产业可持续发展研究的背景、目的、意义、研究方法和研究内容。第二部分介绍了湖南省旅游产业萌芽、起步、发展、成熟的四个阶段,以及湖南省旅游产业的总体背景、政策、经济、资源和环境以及基础设施建设方面的发展现状。第三部分分别从旅游生态环境容量、旅游空间环境容量、旅游设施环境容量以及旅游区社会心理感应容量的指标、权重进行分析,得出各种类型的容量下,湖南省旅游产业可持续发展存在的问题。第四部分是基于旅游环境容量的理论,制定旅游品牌传播、旅游生态保护、旅游市场运作、旅游布局发展、旅游人才培养五大战略,为湖南省旅游产业的可持续发展提供正确的思路和方向。第五部分是按照上述五大战略的要求,从高效、协调、长远发展三个方面出发,制订合理的对策,推动各项战略的顺利开展,确保湖南省旅游产业的可持续发展。
Since the United Nations World Conference on environment and development formally proposed the concept of sustainable development in the famous Brundtland, around the world begin to study the theory and practice on this new view of development and gradually introduce to the tourism study. Promoting the sustainable development of tourism industry in Hunan Province, not only make tourism industry in Hunan Province become bigger and stronger, but also maintain tourism environment, resources, culture to ensure the future development of the tourism industry not to exhausted. Based on the theory of Tourism Environmental Capacity, according to the classification of tourism resources in Hunan Province, this paper assessed the tourism industry for a system with reality to provide the basis for sustainable development of tourism industry. In practice, this capacity will travel environment evaluation system applied to different types of tourist attractions in Hunan Province, through the policy to ensure implementation of strategies.
Innovations of this paper have three aspects, on the one hand, blended theoretical capacity of the tourism environment and sustainable development theory together, and made the theory closer to reality. On the other hand, improved the Tourism Environment Capacity index system and assessed sustainable development of tourism industry in Hunan Province Problems in turn. Last but not least, using the media publicity to establish distinctive brand of Hunan tourism which mining the meaning of Hunan culture deeply.
This article consisted of five parts of the content. The first part was an introduction which introduced the background, purpose, significance, research methods and contents of sustainable development of tourism industry in Hunan Province. The second part described the budding, starting, developing and maturing of tourism industry in Hunan Province as well as the general background, policy, economy, resources and environment of the tourism industry. The third part presented the problems of sustainable development based on the analysis of indicators and weight of the tourism environmental capacity respectively. The fourth part proposed five strategies which include brand communication, ecological protection, tourism marketing, tourism personnel training based on Tourism Environmental Capacity to provide the right ideas and direction for the sustainable development of tourism industry. The last part drew up rational strategies around the development of Efficient, coordinated and sustainable and the protection of the ecological balance to promote the smooth development of strategies and ensure the sustainable development of tourism industry in Hunan province.
引文
①Kasim, Azilah. The Need for Business Environmental and Social Responsibility in the Tourism Industry.International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 2006
②柳德荣.湖南省旅游业现状及发展对策[J].湖南财经高等专科学校学报,2002 (18)
①Perez-Salom, Jose-Roberto. Sustainable Tourism: Emerging Global and Regional Regulation. Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, 2001
①邓虹.太原市旅游产业可持续发展策略研究[J].河北师范大学,2008
③马勇,周霄.《WTO与中国旅游产业发展新论》[M].科学出版社,2003:56
①王会战.基于系统理论的旅游可持续发展研究[J].,2007
②王蕾.旅游环境伦理探析[J].南京林业大学,2007
③Billington, Robert D; Carter, Natalie; Kayamba, Lilly. The practical application of sustainable tourism development principles: A case study of creating innovative place-making tourism strategies. Tourism & Hospitality Research, Jan2008, Vol. 8 Issue 1
①Mensah, Ishmael.Environmental management and sustainable tourism development: The case of hotels in Greater Accra Region (GAR) of Ghana.Full. Text Available Journal of Retail & Leisure Property, Jan2007, Vol. 6 Issue 1
②李天元.中国旅游可持续发展研究[M].南开大学出版社,2004(3):103
④Zhenhua Liu, Michael. Sustainable Tourism Development: A Critique. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2003
①李天元.中国旅游可持续发展研究[M].南开大学出版社,2004(3):102
①黄玲娟,许春晓.21世纪湖南旅游业供需态势及其旅游开发意义[J].湘潭师范学院学报(自然科学版), 2001, 23(3)
①徐飞雄.论目前湖南旅游业发展中存在的矛盾[J].长沙电力学院学报(自然科学版),2001(16)
②Jiaying Lu; Nepal, Sanjay K.Sustainable tourism research: an analysis of papers published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2009, Vol. 17 Issue 1
①颜文洪,张朝枝.旅游环境学[M].科学出版社.2010:34
①郑晓祥,封秀玉,郑伯红.论区域文化景观的旅游开发--以湖南名人名胜资源为例[J].邵阳学院学报(自然科学),2003(2)
①罗清.旅游资源开发的原则和方法[J].时代经贸(学术版),2008
①杨晚华.湖南国内游客属性分析及旅游业发展对策[J].郑州航空工业管理学院学报(社会科学版),2008(4)
①杨美霞,吴桂华.凤凰古城旅游环境容量管理研究[J].资源环境与发展, 2010(2)
②韩学伟.不同类型旅游区旅游环境容量的研究[J].河南大学,2005
①彭蝶飞,崔海波.南岳衡山生态旅游环境容量的测算与调控[J].湖南社会科学,2008(4)
①王迪云.论湖南旅游与环境保护协调发展[J].经济地理,2007(5)
②孙玉军.生态旅游景区环境容量研究[J].应用生态学报,2000(11)
①李艳娜,张国智.旅游环境容量的定量分析—以九寨沟为例[J].重庆商学院学报,2000,(6):32-34
①韩学伟.不同类型旅游区旅游环境容量的研究[J].河南大学,2005
①谢贵安,旅游风俗[M],湖北教育出版社,2001:35
①Neto, Frederico.A new approach to sustainable tourism development: Moving beyond environmental protection. Natural Resources Forum, Aug2003
①吴章文,吴楚材.湖南旅游资源及其开发利用研究[J].中南林学院学报,2003年(6)
①罗冬娥.论湖南旅游业法制环境的完善[J].经济师,2009(5)
①Teh, Lydia; Cabanban, Annadel S.Planning for sustainable tourism in southern Pulau Banggi: An assessment of biophysical conditions and their implications for future tourism development. Journal of Environmental Management, Dec2007, Vol. 85 Issue 4
②王树雄.于正东.湖南旅游产业集群化发展模式初探[J].沿海企业与科技,2006(2)
①黄莉苹,付蓉.论湖南省旅游商品与湖湘文化的融合开发[J].企业技术开发,2004(09)
②刘冰清,陈国生.论湖南旅游文化资源的开发与利用[J].经济地理,2006年(5)
①沈芳,陈福义.整合创新:湖南旅游发展的关键[J].岳阳职业技术学院学报,2006(06)
①陈璇.新的休假制度对我国旅游业的影响[J],漳州职业技术学院学报.2009年(4)
①Cole, Stroma .Information and Empowerment: The Keys to Achieving Sustainable Tourism.Full Text Available. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2006, Vol. 14 Issue 6
[1]马勇,周霄.《WTO与中国旅游产业发展新论》[M].科学出版社,2003:56
[2]李天元.中国旅游可持续发展研究[M].南开大学出版社,2004(3):103
[3]李天元.中国旅游可持续发展研究[M].南开大学出版社,2004(3):102
[4]颜文洪,张朝枝.旅游环境学[M].科学出版社.2010:34
[5]李天元.中国旅游可持续发展研究[M].南开大学出版社,2004(3):102
[6]谢贵安,旅游风俗[M],湖北教育出版社,2001:35
[1]柳德荣.湖南省旅游业现状及发展对策[J].湖南财经高等专科学校学报,2002 (18)
[2]邓虹.太原市旅游产业可持续发展策略研究[J].河北师范大学,2008
[3]王会战.基于系统理论的旅游可持续发展研究[J].内蒙古科技与经济,2007
[4]王蕾.旅游环境伦理探析[J].南京林业大学,2007
[5]黄玲娟,许春晓.21世纪湖南旅游业供需态势及其旅游开发意义[J].湘潭师范学院学报(自然科学版), 2001, 23(3)
[6]徐飞雄.论目前湖南旅游业发展中存在的矛盾[J].长沙电力学院学报(自然科学版),2001(16)
[7]郑晓祥,封秀玉,郑伯红.论区域文化景观的旅游开发--以湖南名人名胜资源为例[J].邵阳学院学报(自然科学),2003(2)
[8]罗清.旅游资源开发的原则和方法[J].时代经贸(学术版),2008
[9]杨晚华.湖南国内游客属性分析及旅游业发展对策[J].郑州航空工业管理学院学报(社会科学版),2008(4)
[10]杨美霞,吴桂华.凤凰古城旅游环境容量管理研究[J].资源环境与发展, 2010(2)
[11]韩学伟.不同类型旅游区旅游环境容量的研究[J].河南大学,2005
[12]彭蝶飞,崔海波.南岳衡山生态旅游环境容量的测算与调控[J].湖南社会科学,2008(4)
[13]王迪云.论湖南旅游与环境保护协调发展[J].经济地理,2007(5)
[14]孙玉军.生态旅游景区环境容量研究[J].应用生态学报,2000(11)
[15]李艳娜,张国智.旅游环境容量的定量分析—以九寨沟为例[J].重庆商学院学报,2000,(6):32-34
[16]韩学伟.不同类型旅游区旅游环境容量的研究[J].河南大学,2005
[17]吴章文,吴楚材.湖南旅游资源及其开发利用研究[J].中南林学院学报,2003年(6)
[18]罗冬娥.论湖南旅游业法制环境的完善[J].经济师,2009(5)
[19]王树雄.于正东.湖南旅游产业集群化发展模式初探[J].沿海企业与科技,2006(2)
[20]黄莉苹,付蓉.论湖南省旅游商品与湖湘文化的融合开发[J].企业技术开发,2004 (09)
[21]刘冰清,陈国生.论湖南旅游文化资源的开发与利用[J].经济地理,2006年(5)
[22]沈芳,陈福义.整合创新:湖南旅游发展的关键[J].岳阳职业技术学院学报,2006(06)
[23]陈璇.新的休假制度对我国旅游业的影响[J],漳州职业技术学院学报.2009年(4)
[24]王会战.基于系统理论的旅游可持续发展研究[J].内蒙古科技与经济,2007
[1] Kasim, Azilah. The Need for Business Environmental and Social Responsibility in the Tourism Industry.International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 2006
[2] Perez-Salom, Jose-Roberto. Sustainable Tourism: Emerging Global and Regional Regulation. Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, 2001
[3] Billington, Robert D; Carter, Natalie; Kayamba, Lilly. The practical application of sustainable tourism development principles: A case study of creating innovative place-making tourism strategies. Tourism & Hospitality Research, Jan2008, Vol. 8 Issue 1
[4] Mensah, Ishmael.Environmental management and sustainable tourism development: The case of hotels in Greater Accra Region (GAR) of Ghana.Full. Text Available Journal of Retail & Leisure Property, Jan2007, Vol. 6 Issue 1
[5] Zhenhua Liu, Michael. Sustainable Tourism Development: A Critique. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2003
[6] Jiaying Lu; Nepal.Sustainable tourism research: an analysis of papers published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2009, Vol. 17 Issue 1
[7] Neto, Frederico.A new approach to sustainable tourism development: Moving beyond environmental protection. Natural Resources Forum, Aug2003
[8] Teh, Lydia; Cabanban, Annadel S.Planning for sustainable tourism in southern Pulau Banggi: An assessment of biophysical conditions and their implications for future tourism development. Journal of Environmental Management, Dec2007, Vol. 85 Issue 4
[9] Cole, Stroma .Information and Empowerment: The Keys to Achieving Sustainable Tourism.Full Text Available. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2006, Vol. 14 Issue 6
[10] Jiaying Lu; Nepal.Sustainable tourism research: an analysis of papers published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2009, Vol. 17 Issue 1
②柳德荣.湖南省旅游业现状及发展对策[J].湖南财经高等专科学校学报,2002 (18)
①Perez-Salom, Jose-Roberto. Sustainable Tourism: Emerging Global and Regional Regulation. Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, 2001
①邓虹.太原市旅游产业可持续发展策略研究[J].河北师范大学,2008
③马勇,周霄.《WTO与中国旅游产业发展新论》[M].科学出版社,2003:56
①王会战.基于系统理论的旅游可持续发展研究[J].,2007
②王蕾.旅游环境伦理探析[J].南京林业大学,2007
③Billington, Robert D; Carter, Natalie; Kayamba, Lilly. The practical application of sustainable tourism development principles: A case study of creating innovative place-making tourism strategies. Tourism & Hospitality Research, Jan2008, Vol. 8 Issue 1
①Mensah, Ishmael.Environmental management and sustainable tourism development: The case of hotels in Greater Accra Region (GAR) of Ghana.Full. Text Available Journal of Retail & Leisure Property, Jan2007, Vol. 6 Issue 1
②李天元.中国旅游可持续发展研究[M].南开大学出版社,2004(3):103
④Zhenhua Liu, Michael. Sustainable Tourism Development: A Critique. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2003
①李天元.中国旅游可持续发展研究[M].南开大学出版社,2004(3):102
①黄玲娟,许春晓.21世纪湖南旅游业供需态势及其旅游开发意义[J].湘潭师范学院学报(自然科学版), 2001, 23(3)
①徐飞雄.论目前湖南旅游业发展中存在的矛盾[J].长沙电力学院学报(自然科学版),2001(16)
②Jiaying Lu; Nepal, Sanjay K.Sustainable tourism research: an analysis of papers published in the Journal of Sustainable Tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 2009, Vol. 17 Issue 1
①颜文洪,张朝枝.旅游环境学[M].科学出版社.2010:34
①郑晓祥,封秀玉,郑伯红.论区域文化景观的旅游开发--以湖南名人名胜资源为例[J].邵阳学院学报(自然科学),2003(2)
①罗清.旅游资源开发的原则和方法[J].时代经贸(学术版),2008
①杨晚华.湖南国内游客属性分析及旅游业发展对策[J].郑州航空工业管理学院学报(社会科学版),2008(4)
①杨美霞,吴桂华.凤凰古城旅游环境容量管理研究[J].资源环境与发展, 2010(2)
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