焦化废水A~2/O~2工艺投加优势菌脱氮试验研究
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摘要
焦化废水是一种典型的含高浓度氨氮的难生物降解的工业废水。由于焦化废水中含有大量的难生物降解及有毒物质,因而成为公认难处理工业废水之一。不经处理直接排放会对水体产生严重的污染,即使处理但没有达标也会对水体产生不良的后果。采用物理或化学法处理,虽出水水质可以达标,但处理费用比较高。本课题根据焦化废水的水质特点,以太原煤气公司第二焦化厂的焦化废水为研究对象,在A~2/O~2生物膜工艺中投加优势菌。
研究结果表明:A~2/O~2工艺在进水COD为817.4.1～1874.2mg/L,氨氮为144.36～687.93mg/L,pH值为7.0～8.22的水质条件下,以3.27倍的平均回流比,60.15h的生化处理HRT,8.98gNaHCO_3的日加碱量,氨氮处理效率平均达98.29%,硝酸盐氮的反硝化率达79.46%,说明脱氮效果良好。
其中:A_1段进水氨氮浓度144.36～687.93mg/L,环境温度为29.6℃,pH=7.0～8.22,DO≤0.2mg/L,HRT=8.41h时,处理出水氨氮、硝氮,亚硝氮平均浓度分别为344.51mg/L、1.16mg/L、0.042mg/L;A_2段进水氨氮浓度105.23～677.78mg/L,环境温度为29.6℃,pH=7.0～8.22,DO≤2mg/L,HRT=7.0h时,处理出水氨氮、硝氮,亚硝氮平均浓度分别为109.45mg/L、2.08mg/L、0.716mg/L;当进水环境温度为29.1℃,pH=6.40～8.14,DO≤1mg/L,HRT=18.49h时,O_1段处理出水氨氮、硝氮,亚硝氮平均浓度分别为21.90mg/L、13.09mg/L、0.14mg/L;当进水环境温度为24.7℃～29.1℃,pH=5.82～7.97,DO≥2mg/L,HRT=15.83h时,O_2段处理出水氨氮、硝氮,亚硝氮平均浓度分别为12.98 mg/L、13.03mg/L、0.27mg/L。
运用Matlab,对各段工艺长期运行的氨氮和硝酸盐氮的出水浓度进行了预测:A_1段出水NH_3-N浓度均值为344.50mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[263.78,425.23]mg/L;A_2段出水NH_3-N浓度均值为113.93mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[76.21,151.65]mg/L;O_1段出水NH_3-N浓度均值为21.86mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[11.75,31.97]mg/L,出水硝酸盐氮浓度均值为13.08mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[8.79,17.39]mg/L;O_2段出水NH_3-N浓度均值为12.98mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[3.82,22.15]mg/L,出水硝酸盐氮浓度均值为13.03mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[8.80,17.26]mg/L。
采用A~2/O~2工艺处理焦化废水能够使出水氨氮浓度达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)中的一级排放标准(NH_3-N＜15mg/L)。工艺技术可行,效果稳定,经济合理。
Coke plant wastewater is a typical,containing high concentration ammoniacal nitrogen,and difficult biodegradational industry wastewater. Because coke sewage contains lots of hard-biodegraded and toxicant substances, it is considered to be one of the most difficult industrial waste water to purify. Drainage of coke sewage without purify could result in the serious pollution in waterbody,and the purified coke sewage that could not reach standard would also do harm to waterbody.With the physical or chemical process,which could meet the request of drainage for the environmental protection,the cost would be very expensive.Therefore,it is imperative to develop a kind of coke-plant wastewater treatment,which should be economically and technically feasible. According to characteristic of the coke plant wastewater,this paper studied utilizing the preponderant's mechanism and effect detailedly by A~2/O~2 process to treat the coke wastewater of the second coke plant which belongs to taiyuan coal gas company.
Experimental results demonstrate:the average removal rate of the Ammoniacal-nitrogen could reach 98.29%,and the denitrification rate could reach 79.46%,while the influent COD concentration was 817.4 mg/L～1874.2 mg/L,Ammoniacal-nitrogen concentration was 144.36mg/L～687.93mg/L,pH value was 7.0～8.22,and under the 3.27 refluent ratio,60.15 hours HRT,8.98g NaHCO_3 adding weight daily,averagely.These results showed the nitrogen removal effect was excellent.
The experimental results showed that the A_1 reactor effluent Ammoniacal-nitrogen、nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen when nitrogen were 144.36～687.93mg/L could achieve 344.51 mg/L、1.16mg/L、0.042mg/L respectively in 8.41 hours,under the conditions of pH=7.0～8.22, temperature=29.6℃and DO≤0.2mg/L.The A_2 reactor effluent nitrogen、nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen when nitrogen were 105.23～677.78mg/L could achieve 109.45 mg/L、2.08mg/L、0.716mg/L respectively in 7.93 hours, under the conditions of pH=7.0～8.22,temperature=29.6℃and DO≤2mg/L. The O_1 reactor effluent Ammoniacal-nitrogen、nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen can achieve21.90 mg/L、13.09mg/L、0.14mg/L respectively in 18.49 hours,under the conditions of pH=6.40～8.14,temperature=29.1℃and DO≤1mg/L.The O_2 reactor effluent Ammoniacal-nitrogen、nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen can achieve12.98 mg/L、13.03mg/L、0.27mg/L respectively in 14hours,under the conditions of pH=5.82～7.97,temperature=24.7℃～29.1℃and DO≥2mg/L.
Using Matlab,we calculated the effluent concentration of nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen while the process operated stale and long-term:The effluent Ammoniacal-nitrogen average concentration point estimation of A_1 reactor was 344.50mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[263.78, 425.23]mg/L;The effluent Ammoniacal-nitrogen average concentration point estimation of A_2reactor was 113.93mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[76.21,151.65]mg/L;The effluent nitrogen average concentration point estimation of O_1 reactor was 21.86mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[11.75,31.97]mg/L,The effluent nitrate-nitrogen average concentration point estimation of O_1 reactor was13.08mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[8.79, estimation of O_2 reactor was 12.98mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[3.82,22.15]mg/L,The effluent nitrate-nitrogen average concentration point estimation of O_2 reactor was13.03mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[8.80,17.26]mg/L.
The effluent ammoniacal-nitrogen,concentration from system of A~2/O~2 could reach the first national standard about wastewater discharge (GB8978-1996).The ammoniacal nitrogen was less than 15mg/L.This technology is technique feasible,effect stable,and economic.
研究结果表明:A~2/O~2工艺在进水COD为817.4.1～1874.2mg/L,氨氮为144.36～687.93mg/L,pH值为7.0～8.22的水质条件下,以3.27倍的平均回流比,60.15h的生化处理HRT,8.98gNaHCO_3的日加碱量,氨氮处理效率平均达98.29%,硝酸盐氮的反硝化率达79.46%,说明脱氮效果良好。
其中:A_1段进水氨氮浓度144.36～687.93mg/L,环境温度为29.6℃,pH=7.0～8.22,DO≤0.2mg/L,HRT=8.41h时,处理出水氨氮、硝氮,亚硝氮平均浓度分别为344.51mg/L、1.16mg/L、0.042mg/L;A_2段进水氨氮浓度105.23～677.78mg/L,环境温度为29.6℃,pH=7.0～8.22,DO≤2mg/L,HRT=7.0h时,处理出水氨氮、硝氮,亚硝氮平均浓度分别为109.45mg/L、2.08mg/L、0.716mg/L;当进水环境温度为29.1℃,pH=6.40～8.14,DO≤1mg/L,HRT=18.49h时,O_1段处理出水氨氮、硝氮,亚硝氮平均浓度分别为21.90mg/L、13.09mg/L、0.14mg/L;当进水环境温度为24.7℃～29.1℃,pH=5.82～7.97,DO≥2mg/L,HRT=15.83h时,O_2段处理出水氨氮、硝氮,亚硝氮平均浓度分别为12.98 mg/L、13.03mg/L、0.27mg/L。
运用Matlab,对各段工艺长期运行的氨氮和硝酸盐氮的出水浓度进行了预测:A_1段出水NH_3-N浓度均值为344.50mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[263.78,425.23]mg/L;A_2段出水NH_3-N浓度均值为113.93mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[76.21,151.65]mg/L;O_1段出水NH_3-N浓度均值为21.86mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[11.75,31.97]mg/L,出水硝酸盐氮浓度均值为13.08mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[8.79,17.39]mg/L;O_2段出水NH_3-N浓度均值为12.98mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[3.82,22.15]mg/L,出水硝酸盐氮浓度均值为13.03mg/L,出现概率为1,置信区间为[8.80,17.26]mg/L。
采用A~2/O~2工艺处理焦化废水能够使出水氨氮浓度达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)中的一级排放标准(NH_3-N＜15mg/L)。工艺技术可行,效果稳定,经济合理。
Coke plant wastewater is a typical,containing high concentration ammoniacal nitrogen,and difficult biodegradational industry wastewater. Because coke sewage contains lots of hard-biodegraded and toxicant substances, it is considered to be one of the most difficult industrial waste water to purify. Drainage of coke sewage without purify could result in the serious pollution in waterbody,and the purified coke sewage that could not reach standard would also do harm to waterbody.With the physical or chemical process,which could meet the request of drainage for the environmental protection,the cost would be very expensive.Therefore,it is imperative to develop a kind of coke-plant wastewater treatment,which should be economically and technically feasible. According to characteristic of the coke plant wastewater,this paper studied utilizing the preponderant's mechanism and effect detailedly by A~2/O~2 process to treat the coke wastewater of the second coke plant which belongs to taiyuan coal gas company.
Experimental results demonstrate:the average removal rate of the Ammoniacal-nitrogen could reach 98.29%,and the denitrification rate could reach 79.46%,while the influent COD concentration was 817.4 mg/L～1874.2 mg/L,Ammoniacal-nitrogen concentration was 144.36mg/L～687.93mg/L,pH value was 7.0～8.22,and under the 3.27 refluent ratio,60.15 hours HRT,8.98g NaHCO_3 adding weight daily,averagely.These results showed the nitrogen removal effect was excellent.
The experimental results showed that the A_1 reactor effluent Ammoniacal-nitrogen、nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen when nitrogen were 144.36～687.93mg/L could achieve 344.51 mg/L、1.16mg/L、0.042mg/L respectively in 8.41 hours,under the conditions of pH=7.0～8.22, temperature=29.6℃and DO≤0.2mg/L.The A_2 reactor effluent nitrogen、nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen when nitrogen were 105.23～677.78mg/L could achieve 109.45 mg/L、2.08mg/L、0.716mg/L respectively in 7.93 hours, under the conditions of pH=7.0～8.22,temperature=29.6℃and DO≤2mg/L. The O_1 reactor effluent Ammoniacal-nitrogen、nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen can achieve21.90 mg/L、13.09mg/L、0.14mg/L respectively in 18.49 hours,under the conditions of pH=6.40～8.14,temperature=29.1℃and DO≤1mg/L.The O_2 reactor effluent Ammoniacal-nitrogen、nitrate-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen can achieve12.98 mg/L、13.03mg/L、0.27mg/L respectively in 14hours,under the conditions of pH=5.82～7.97,temperature=24.7℃～29.1℃and DO≥2mg/L.
Using Matlab,we calculated the effluent concentration of nitrogen and nitrate-nitrogen while the process operated stale and long-term:The effluent Ammoniacal-nitrogen average concentration point estimation of A_1 reactor was 344.50mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[263.78, 425.23]mg/L;The effluent Ammoniacal-nitrogen average concentration point estimation of A_2reactor was 113.93mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[76.21,151.65]mg/L;The effluent nitrogen average concentration point estimation of O_1 reactor was 21.86mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[11.75,31.97]mg/L,The effluent nitrate-nitrogen average concentration point estimation of O_1 reactor was13.08mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[8.79, estimation of O_2 reactor was 12.98mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[3.82,22.15]mg/L,The effluent nitrate-nitrogen average concentration point estimation of O_2 reactor was13.03mg/L,the probability was 1 and the confidence interval was[8.80,17.26]mg/L.
The effluent ammoniacal-nitrogen,concentration from system of A~2/O~2 could reach the first national standard about wastewater discharge (GB8978-1996).The ammoniacal nitrogen was less than 15mg/L.This technology is technique feasible,effect stable,and economic.
引文
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